| 基于水化学及当地稳定同位素的地下水硝酸盐污染空间分布特征及污染源解析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨延梅,张田,郑明霞,苏婧,孙源媛,傅雪梅.基于水化学及当地稳定同位素的地下水硝酸盐污染空间分布特征及污染源解析[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(9):2164-2172. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨延梅 张田 郑明霞 苏婧 孙源媛 傅雪梅 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.重庆交通大学河海学院, 重庆 400074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项2018ZX07109-001 |
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| 摘 要： | 为精准识别张家口市宣化区地下水硝酸盐污染的空间分布情况及其来源，根据张家口市宣化区洋河两岸地下水水质监测数据，采用水化学分析方法分析硝酸盐污染现状，利用氮氧稳定同位素方法定性分析污染物来源，并利用ArcGIS软件对地下水硝酸盐浓度、氮氧同位素特征值进行可视化表征，更加直观地表现地下水环境质量时空差异.根据SIAR模型（同位素混合模型）定量计算各污染源的贡献率.结果表明:①张家口市宣化区地下水“三氮”污染主要为硝酸盐氮，浓度平均值为27.23 mg/L，污染浓度高值区域出现在建设用地.②研究区典型特征污染物的氮同位素特征值（δ15N-NO3-）在土壤中的分布范围为1.46‰~7.71‰，在粪便及污水中的分布范围为9.49‰~17.57‰，可充实当地δ15N-NO3-分布数据库.③硝酸盐污染主要来源于土壤氮、粪便及污水，水化学及同位素特征表明氮的迁移转化以硝化作用为主.④SIAR模型计算结果表明，土壤氮、粪便及污水、无机化肥及工业废水贡献率分别为44.36%、43.35%、9.24%.研究显示，硝酸盐污染主要受生活污水、工业生产活动和该地区农业灌溉的影响，污染物主要来源于土壤氮、粪便及污水，且建设用地污染情况较耕地更为严重.
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| 关 键 词： | 地下水 硝酸盐 氮氧稳定同位素 源解析 SIAR模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-25 |
Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Source Analysis of Nitrate Pollution in Groundwater Based on Hydrochemistry and Local Stable Isotopes |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Hehai College, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China2.State Key Laboratory of Groundwater Pollution Simulation and Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to accurately identify the spatial distribution and sources of groundwater nitrate pollution in Xuanhua District of Zhangjiakou City, according to the groundwater quality monitoring data of both sides of the Yanghe River in Xuanhua District, Zhangjiakou City, hydrochemical analysis method was used to analyze the status of nitrate pollution, and nitrogen and oxygen stable isotope method was used to qualitatively analyze the sources of pollutants. The ArcGIS software was used to visualize the nitrate concentration and nitrogen and oxygen isotope characteristic values of groundwater, and more intuitively show the temporal and spatial differences of groundwater environmental quality. The contribution rate of each pollutant was quantitatively calculated according to SIAR model (isotope mixing model). The results show that: (1) In Xuanhua District of Zhangjiakou City, nitrate nitrogen was the main pollutant of groundwater, with an average concentration of 27.23 mg/L. The high pollution concentration occurred in construction land. (2) The isotopic characteristic values of typical pollutants in the study area were as follows: δ15N-NO3- in soil was from 1.46‰ to 7.71‰, and δ15N-NO3- in feces and sewage ranged from 9.49‰ to 17.57‰, which can be used to enrich the distribution database of δ15N-NO3- characteristic values. (3) Nitrate pollution mainly came from soil nitrogen, feces and sewage. The characteristics of water chemistry and isotopes showed that nitrification was the main process of nitrogen migration and transformation. (4) The results of SIAR model showed that the contribution rates of soil nitrogen, feces, Inorganic fertilizer and industrial waste water were 44.36%, 43.35% and 9.24%, respectively. The study shows that nitrate pollution is mainly affected by domestic sewage, industrial production activities and agricultural irrigation in this area, the pollutants mainly come from soil nitrogen, feces and sewage, and the pollution of construction land is more serious than that of cultivated land. |
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