| 面向减污降碳的集中供热结构调整路径研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王堃,纪晓慧,淡默,张晓曦,刘开云,左朋莱,秦思达.面向减污降碳的集中供热结构调整路径研究[J].环境科学研究,2023,36(5):913-921. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王堃 纪晓慧 淡默 张晓曦 刘开云 左朋莱 秦思达 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院，山东 青岛 266100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFE0194500)；北京市科学技术研究院科研及科普项目(No.11000022T000000468176)；辽宁省自然科学基金项目(No.2022-MS-101) |
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| 摘 要： | 集中供热是事关国计民生的刚性需求，是能源消费的重要部门，是大气污染物减排的重要着力点.开展面向减污降碳的集中供热结构调整路径分析对我国实现“双碳”目标、建设“美丽中国”具有重要意义.通过构建2020年集中供热碳污耦合排放清单，摸清碳污排放现状；考虑热电联产供热范围以及生物质资源分布，分析拆炉并网、煤改气以及煤改生物质等措施的局限性及碳污减排潜力；结合情景分析，识别碳污减排关键路径，为开展集中供热减污降碳相关工作提供参考.结果表明：(1)热电联产、燃煤工业锅炉分别是集中供热部门CO2和大气污染物的主要排放源，东北地区及内蒙古自治区是该部门碳污排放的热点区域.燃煤工业锅炉污染控制水平及热效率较低是开展集中供热部门减污降碳的重要切入点.(2)热电联产供热管网难以全面覆盖35 t/h以下燃煤工业锅炉，超40%的小容量燃煤工业锅炉需要采用其他方式进行综合改造.(3)生物质能源利用潜力空间差异较大，制约了供热部门低碳化，如华北及东北地区难以满足本区域燃煤工业锅炉生物质改造的能源需求.(4)加强低碳情景下，2060年集中供热部门SO2、NOx
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| 关 键 词： | 集中供热 碳污减排 排放清单 热电联产 燃煤工业锅炉 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-11-24 |
Structural Adjustment Path of Central Heating Sector from Perspective of Synergistic Reduction of Air Pollutants and CO2 Emissions |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2.Center of Air Pollution Control, Carbon Peak and Neutrality, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100054, China3.School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China4.Liaoning Science and Technology Center for Ecological and Environmental Protection, Shenyang 110161, China |
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| Abstract: | Central heating is a rigid demand for national economy and people's livelihood, and it also plays an important role in energy consumption structure and air pollutant emission reduction. It is of great significance for China to analyze the adjustment path of central heating structure to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, as well as the building of a beautiful China. We first established an emission inventory of CO2 and air pollutants from central heating in 2020, considered the spatial distribution of cogeneration heating pipe network and biomass resources, and analyzed the emission reduction potentials and limitations of different measures, such as cogeneration, coal to gas and coal to biomass. Finally, the key path for emission reduction of CO2 and air pollutants from central heating in China is identified based on the scenario analysis. Our results show that: (1) Cogeneration and coal-fired industrial boilers are main sources of CO2 and air pollutant emissions respectively from central heating industry in China, and northeast China and Inner Mongolia are emission hotspots. (2) Cogeneration heating pipe network cannot fully cover coal-fired industrial boilers with a capacity of <35 t/h, and more than 40% of coal-fired industrial boilers with small capacity may need to be retrofitted by other measures. (3) The spatial heterogeneity of biomass resources limits the low carbonization of heating sector. For example, the current biomass resources are difficult to meet the energy needs of coal to biomass for coal-fired industrial boilers in North China. (4) Under enhancing low carbon scenarios, the emissions of SO2, NOx, filterable fine particulate matter, condensable particulate matter and CO2 from central heating industry in 2060 are 1.9×105, 2.6×105, 1.1×104, 1.1×105 and 5.0×108 t respectively, which is reduced by 75%, 66%, 90%, 66% and 58% compared with the base year. The research shows that exploration of biomass resources, development of biomass briquette industry and promotion of cogeneration are important ways to reduce CO2 and air pollutant emission from central heating sector in China. |
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