| 安徽铜陵矿区不同功能区域土壤中重金属对微生物及酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵兴青,朱旭炎,黄兴,孙雨,侯颖.安徽铜陵矿区不同功能区域土壤中重金属对微生物及酶活性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(12):2139-2147. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵兴青 朱旭炎 黄兴 孙雨 侯颖 |
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| 作者单位： | 常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州 213164;中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.41302025，41541016） |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示土壤微生物及酶活性与重金属污染的内在关系，并建立土壤重金属污染水平的酶活性及生物学参数表征体系，以安徽铜陵狮子山矿区周边土壤为研究对象，测定矿区内不同功能区域（采矿区、选矿区、堆矿区、尾矿库以及菜园）土壤中w（Cu）、w（Zn）、w（Cd）、w（Pb）和基础呼吸、微生物量碳含量、代谢熵等理化性质以及6种土壤酶（脲酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶、中性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶）的活性.结果表明，所选矿区不同功能区域的内梅罗综合污染指数（PN）依次为堆矿区（10.77）>采矿区（4.38）>选矿区（4.06）>尾矿库（2.55）>菜园（1.35）；4种重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb）的单因子指数（Pi）依次为Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb.不同功能区域内6种土壤酶活性之间有显著差异并呈不同程度变化，且均以菜园土壤酶活性为最大，其中，过氧化氢酶、中性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性均可以有效地表征w（Cu）、w（Zn）、w（Cd）和w（Pb）的水平.与基础呼吸或者微生物量碳含量指标相比，代谢熵能更好地表征土壤环境污染状况.研究显示，土壤酶活性、代谢熵与Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb这4种重金属含量均呈极显著相关，因此可通过测定土壤酶活性和代谢熵等生物学参数为矿区土壤环境质量评价及生态修复提供参考依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 铜陵矿区 重金属 不同功能区域 土壤酶活性 微生物活性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/9/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/2/26 0:00:00 |
Effects of Heavy Metals in Soils on Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities in Different Functional Areas of Tongling Mining Area in Anhui Province |
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| ZHAO Xingqing,ZHU Xuyan,HUANG Xing,SUN Yu and HOU Ying.Effects of Heavy Metals in Soils on Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities in Different Functional Areas of Tongling Mining Area in Anhui Province[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(12):2139-2147. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Xingqing ZHU Xuyan HUANG Xing SUN Yu and HOU Ying |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Environmental and Safety Engineering of Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China2.School of Water Resources and Environment of China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to reveal the intrinsic relationship among soil microbial, enzyme activities and heavy metal contents in polluted soil, and to establish a characterization system between enzyme activities and biological parameters corresponding to different heavy metal pollution levels in soil, five different functional areas (mining area, concentrating area, heap area, tailings area and vegetable garden) in Tongling mining area of Anhui Province were studied. The heavy metal contents (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basic respiration, metabolic quotient (qCO2) and six soil enzyme activities (catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, neutral phosphatase, cellulase and sucrase) were measured. The results showed that the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index (PN) of soil in different functional areas of the mining area was in the order of heap mining area (10.77) > mineral processing area (4.38) > mining area (4.06) > tailings area (2.55) > vegetable garden (1.35). The single factor pollution index (Pi) of the heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) was Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb. In addition, the activities of selected soil enzymes were significantly different in different functional areas, and the soil enzymes in the vegetable garden area were the most active. Catalase, neutral phosphatase and invertase activities could effectively characterize the levels of the heavy metal contents (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb). Metabolic entropy is a better indicator of soil environmental pollution than soil basic respiration or microbial biomass carbon. Soil enzyme activities and metabolic entropy were significantly correlated with the contents of four heavy metals. Therefore, the biological parameters such as soil enzyme activities and metabolic quotient can provide a reference basis for environmental quality assessment and ecological restoration in mining areas. |
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| Keywords: | Tongling mining area heavy metal different functional areas soil enzymes microbial activity |
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