| 挺水植物对城市河流中典型污水印记药物的去除 |
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| 引用本文： | 周海东,刘晓静,陈晓萌,王瑾雅丹.挺水植物对城市河流中典型污水印记药物的去除[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(12):2108-2116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周海东 刘晓静 陈晓萌 王瑾雅丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093;上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093;上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093;上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市自然科学基金项目（No.18ZR1426100）；国家自然科学基金项目（No.51279108）；上海理工大学科技发展项目（No.2018KJFZ117） |
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| 摘 要： | 以AZM（阿奇霉素）、STZ（磺胺噻唑）、IBU（布洛芬）、DCF（双氯芬酸）、PRC（扑热息痛）、ATL（阿替洛尔）、CLF（氯贝酸）、CBM（卡马西平）和CAF（咖啡因）共9种WWMPs（wastewater-marking pharmaceuticals，污水印记药物）为目标物，采用HPLC-MS/MS检测方法，通过室内河流模拟系统，研究3种挺水植物组合（旱伞草+灯芯草、菖蒲+灯芯草、旱伞草+菖蒲）的人工生态系统在不同介质（水相、泥相、水生植物）中WWMPs的变化特性及对常规污染物（如CODCr、NH3-N、TP、TN）的去除效果，并运用物料衡算等手段计算目标物的实际去除率.结果表明:3种挺水植物组合的人工生态系统对4种常规污染物的去除效果较为明显，CODCr、NH3-N、TP、TN去除率范围分别为39.7%~47.8%、88.2%~99.4%、39.1%~58.1%和49.1%~58.5%；与无植物系统相比，挺水植物组合的人工生态系统对水相中药物有明显的去除效果，尤其是对CBM、IBU和DCF，最大去除率均在54.0%以上；旱伞草+菖蒲组合的人工生态系统对水相中CAF、CBM、CLF、DCF、IBU和STZ的去除效果较好，去除率为51.6%~87.7%；3种挺水植物组合的人工生态系统对泥相中WWMPs的去除效果大小依次为菖蒲+灯芯草>旱伞草+菖蒲>旱伞草+灯芯草；不同挺水植物组合的人工生态系统对WWMPs的富集特性不同，9种WWMPs吸收效果大小依次为CBM > CLF > CAF > IBU > DCF > ATL > PRC > AZM > STZ；3种挺水植物组合的人工生态系统对WWMPs的实际总去除率大小依次为菖蒲+灯芯草>旱伞草+菖蒲>旱伞草+灯芯草.研究显示，挺水植物组合的人工生态系统可以有效地去除城市河流中WWMPs及常规污染物，能作为净化水质、改善城市河流水环境的一种有效手段.
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| 关 键 词： | 人工生态系统 水质净化 水相 泥相 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/4/19 0:00:00 |
Removal of Typical Wastewater-Marking Pharmaceuticals with Emergent Aquatic Plants in Urban Rivers |
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| ZHOU Haidong,LIU Xiaojing,CHEN Xiaomeng and WANGJIN Yadan.Removal of Typical Wastewater-Marking Pharmaceuticals with Emergent Aquatic Plants in Urban Rivers[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(12):2108-2116. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Haidong LIU Xiaojing CHEN Xiaomeng and WANGJIN Yadan |
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| Affiliation: | School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China |
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| Abstract: | Nine pharmaceuticals including of azithromycin (AZM), sulfathiazole (STZ), ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DCF), paracetamol (PRC), atenolol (ATL), clofibric acid (CLF), carbamazepine (CBM) and caffeine (CAF), were selected as the target compounds in this study. They were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). Variation characteristics of WWMPs in different media (aqueous phases, sedimentary phase and plants) and the removal of conventional indicators (chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) by the artificial ecosystems in the indoor river simulation system were explored. The artificial ecosystems were constructed with 3 combinations of emergent aquatic plants (C. alternifolius and J. effusus, J. effusus and A. calamus, C. alternifolius and A. calamus). The actual removal efficiencies of the target pharmaceuticals by the ecosystem were also calculated by means of material balance. The results showed that the effects of 3 combined plant ecosystems on the removal of 4 conventional indicators were quite significant. The removal efficiencies were 39.7%-47.8%, 88.2%-99.4%, 39.1%-58.1%, and 49.1%-58.5% for CODCr, NH3-N, TP and TN, respectively. Compared with no-plant ecosystem, the ecosystems with aquatic plants had obvious removal effects on the removal of the pharmaceuticals, especially CBM, IBU, ATL and PRC in the aqueous phases, the largest removal rates were more than 54.0%. The ecosystem constructed by the combination of C. alternifolius and A. calamus. had a better removal effect on CAF, CBM, CLF, DCF, IBU and STZ in aqueous phase than the ecosystem constructed by single plants with 51.6% to 87.7% reduction. In the artificial ecosystem constructed by 3 kinds of combined plants, the removal effects of WWMPs in sediment phase were weakened orderly as J. effusus and A. calamus, C. alternifolius and A. calamus, C. alternifolius, J. effusus. The absorption effects of aquatic plants on WWMPs in the artificial ecosystem were also different and the absorption effects were ranked as CBM > CLF > CAF > IBU > DCF > ATL > PRC > AZM > STZ. In terms of total removal rate, the removal efficiencies of WWMPs in sediment phase in 3 combined ecosystems were the same as those in aqueous phase. This investigation indicated that combined plant artificial ecosystems could effectively remove WWMPs and the conventional indicators in urban rivers, and could be an effective way of improving water quality in urban rivers. |
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| Keywords: | artificial ecosystem water purification aqueous phase sediment phase |
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