| 生态产品价值实现机制的理论基础：热力学，景感学，经济学与区块链 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘耕源,王硕,颜宁聿,孟凡鑫.生态产品价值实现机制的理论基础：热力学，景感学，经济学与区块链[J].中国环境管理,2020,12(5):28-35. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘耕源 王硕 颜宁聿 孟凡鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875;北京市流域环境生态修复与综合调控工程技术研究中心, 北京 100875;自然资源部测绘发展研究中心, 北京 100036;北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875;耶鲁大学, 森林与环境研究学院, 美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市 06511 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市科技计划课题（Z181100009618030）；国家自然科学基金中-意国际（地区）合作与交流项目（71861137001）；国家创新群体项目（51721093）；国家自然科学基金项目（71673029）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 当前，生态产品价值实现探索实践中面临生态系统服务度量难、核算难、货币化难、交易难等基础性难题，导致生态产品价值核算体系不统一、生态产品市场交易机制不完善、各类生态产品交易平台不规范、绿色金融滞后、绿色发展市场化激励机制不足等问题。本文从最关键的生态产品价值理论出发，梳理生态产品价值实现困境的根源和理论基础，并尝试提出可能的多元核算方法与热力学、景感学、经济学相结合的实践解决路径，形成不同单位的统一核算标的物。通过探索利用区块链、大数据等科技赋能生态产品价值实现，提出构建生态资产加密数字货币化的可能性，并进一步形成不同生态产品的价格形成机制、成本监审制度和价格调整机制，完善生态产品市场交易机制，建立统一的生态产品交易平台，促进绿色金融发展，推动自然资源管理能力现代化。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态产品价值 热力学 景感学 经济学 区块链 |
Theories on Value Realization Mechanism of Ecological Product: Thermodynamics, Landsenseology, Economics and Blockchain |
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| LIU Gengyuan,WANG Shuo,YAN Ningyu,MENG Fanxin.Theories on Value Realization Mechanism of Ecological Product: Thermodynamics, Landsenseology, Economics and Blockchain[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Management,2020,12(5):28-35. |
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| Authors: | LIU Gengyuan WANG Shuo YAN Ningyu MENG Fanxin |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Watershed Environmental Restoration & Integrated Ecological Regulation, Beijing 100875, China;Mapping Development Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Beijing 100830, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA |
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| Abstract: | The current explorations and practices of the ecological products value realization are still faced with several fundamental problems, such as the difficulty in benchmarking performance, accounting methods, monetization, and trading schemes, which lead to inconsistent ecological product value accounting framework, imperfect ecological product market trading mechanisms,nonstan dard ecological product trading platform, lagging green finance and inadequate market-oriented incentives for green development. This study starts from the value theory, sorts out the roots of realizing the ecological products value, and tries to propose a multi-objective accounting method and to form different unified accounting subject matters combined with the theory of thermodynamics, landsenseology and economics. By exploring the use of blockchain and big data technologies to empower the realization of ecological products value, the digital encryption currency of ecological capital and services is proposed. Furthermore, the price formation mechanism, the cost monitoring system and the price adjustment mechanism for different ecological products are needed. This study suggests to improve the ecological product market trading mechanism, establish a unified ecological product trading platform, promote the development of green finance, and promote the modernization of natural resource management capabilities. |
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| Keywords: | ecological product value thermodynamics landsenseology economics blockchain |
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