景观生态学在水库环评中的应用--以周公宅水库为例

生态完整性的判定是生态影响评价的基础，可从生态体系的结构和功能两个方面考虑进行评价。分别从景观结构、植被生物量和植被分布的空间异质性三个角度对宁波市周公宅水库库区景观生态体系的结构和功能状况进行了评价。     

基于DEA模型的太湖流域企业污水治理效率

运用数据包络分析DEA方法，建立了太湖殷村港流域工业园区企业污水治理效率评价体系，并利用该体系对园区内企业污水治理效率进行了实证研究。利用效率评价函数对园区内20家企业进行评价，结果表明，其中4家企业达到环境治理效率相对高效；20家企业的废水排放量、COD和NH3-N排放削减总量分别为3691860、217．53和14．64t／a，削减潜力较大。实证研究结果表明，该环境绩效评价系统可为园区企业污水治理调控提出定量化的调整建议。     

环境监测实验室内质量控制体系的设想

环境监测实验室质量控制足环境监测质量保汪的蘑要组成部分。山于实验室内质量控制工作量大，质控工作往往流于形式。因此，有必要建立一套完整又便捷的实验室内质量控制体系，在质控质量上发挥重要作用。对体系建立前提条件和体系建立的，思路进行了阐述。对体系设计基础——计算机网络技术的运用。实验室内质量评价高效、便捷的数字化应用平台的建口进行了设想。     

等浓度配比法研究苯酚、硝基苯和问硝基苯胺对发光菌的联合毒性作用

分别测定了苯酚、硝基苯和间硝基苯胺对发光菌的单一毒性，以及等浓度配比和等毒性配比的二元及三元混合体系的联合毒性，采用相加指数法对其联合效应进行了评价。结果表明，等浓度比和等毒性比混合体系的联合作用结果一致：苯酚＋间硝基苯胺二元体系为协同作用，其他各体系为相加作用。为简化联合毒性实验方法，建议在研究相关系列化合物的联合毒性作用机制中，可采用等浓度配比方法。     

环境监测在环境影响评价中的作用分析

在新时期，环境保护工作的发展面临着新的机遇和挑战。环境监测贯穿于整个环境影响评价体系之中，即环境影响评价中的评价初期、建设期、运行期以及后评价期，均需环境监测数据来支撑，因此，环境监测是环境影响评价的技术基础，同时还具有较强的监督功能。     

可持续发展的城市交通环境影响评价

分析了传统环境评价方法的局限性；论述了面向可持续发展城市的交通环境影响评价的出发点、价值观；并提出了面向可持续发展城市交通环境影响评价体系的基本构想，包括评价原则、对象、要素、指标、程序、内容及方法等。     

关于构建中国化工污染源治理项目后评价体系的思考

化工污染源项目后评价体系在中国尚未形成,但是随着现代工业的发展,污染源治理问题突出,一套完整的项目后评价体系对促进中国企业发展和社会进步有着理论和现实意义.通过对国内外项目后评价现状的分析,阐明了化工污染源治理项目后评价的意义和出发点,并提出了构建化工樗染源治理项目后评价体系的思路.     

环境材料及其评价方法

本文综述了环境材料的实质，特点及其与传统材料在主要内涵，研究重点，评价指标体系和材料选择原则的差异，并介绍了环境材料的评价体系与方法和设计原则。     

降低FCC再生烟气NOx排放助剂的实验室评价

通过采用ACE装置与烟气NOx分析仪器联用的实验室评价方法，可在更接近实际催化裂化反应-再生过程的条件下，评价助剂对再生烟气中NOx的催化转化性能，同时还可考察助剂的加入对催化裂化产品分布的影响。采用该方法对几种降NOx助剂的性能进行了评价，结果表明，在催化剂体系中含有Pt基CO助燃剂的情况下，加入4％的RDNO；助剂后，烟气NOx降低幅度约30％～40％，且催化裂化产品分布基本不受影响。     

价值工程耦合三角模糊数的环境工艺决策评价

为了建立和量化合适于环境工艺决策的评价体系,以某啤酒厂排放的污水为研究对象,通过价值工程耦合三角模糊数,从规模参数、单元及设备、进水水质和水质处理要求角度构建评价体系。评价体系共设立11个指标,结合文献分析方法及价值工程评分规则计算三角模糊数得分,再确定各层权重,最后应用价值工程对多个环境工艺决策方案进行评价与优选。结果表明,上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)/生物接触氧化/气浮为处理该啤酒厂污水的最佳环境工艺。本研究为今后的环境工艺决策提供了新思路和新方法。     

常州市太湖流域水环境质量目标管理技术研究——控制单元水环境容量分配方法研究

本研究在控制单元划分的基础上,构建了控制单元内水环境容量三层分配体系。逐层建立评价指标体系,运用综合权重法逐层分配水环境容量。实现了不同类型污染源之间、不同点源之间的水环境容量分配,结合污染源排放现状,得出不同类型污染源及不同点源的污染负荷削减量,为水环境管理提供决策支持。     

Antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes in Myriophyllum quitense as biomarkers of heavy metal exposure and eutrophication in Suquía River basin (Córdoba, Argentina)

We report the evaluation of changes in water quality, increasing pollution level, of a section of Suquía River basin (Córdoba, Argentina) by using Myriophyllum quitense as bioindicator in addition to the measurement of chemical parameters, combined with chemometrics (ANOVA, Cluster and Discriminant Analysis). Myriophyllum quitense was collected upstream from Córdoba city at an unpolluted site of Suquía River basin. After collection plants were transplanted to different sites with different pollution levels. Subsequent to transplantation plants were weekly collected from the original site as well as from transplantation stations. Water quality was evaluated throughout the transplantation experiment, while the use of this macrophyte as bioindicator was verified through the activation of its antioxidant defenses and biotransformation system. Myriophyllum quitense reacts to the pollution stress increasing the activity of glutathione-S-transferases (CDNB and Fluorodifen), glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase (POD). Elevated enzyme activities agreed to different pollution levels, especially inorganic nitrogen loads combined with elevated lead and aluminum concentrations, all of them originated by anthropogenic activities, thus presenting Myriophyllum quitense as a good biomonitor for assessment of water quality in this polluted aquatic ecosystem.     

非线性在特大型船闸运行水污染控制中的应用

应用非线性动力学、分形理论、混沌学,研究了特大型船闸运行水污染系统,结合葛洲坝特大型船闸运行系统自组织特征和水污染事件,论述了船闸水污染非线性、分形特征,建立了动力方程、水质预测预报模型,指出常规理论方法研究中存在的问题,提出了水污染系统非线性研究是今后着重需要深入探讨研究的领域,具有重要的实用价值.     

非线性在特大型船闸运行水污染控制中的应用

应用非线性动力学、分形理论、混沌学，研究了特大型船闸运行水污染系统，结合葛洲坝特大型船闸运行系统自组织特征和水污染事件，论述了船闸水污染非线性、分形特征，建立了动力方程、水质预测预报模型，指出常规理论方法研究中存在的问题，提出了水污染系统非线性研究是今后着重需要深入探讨研究的领域，具有重要的实用价值。     

Evaluation of modifications of the simple spectrofluorometry method for estimating petroleum hydrocarbon levels in fresh and waste water samples

The monitoring of petroleum hydrocarbons in the water environment is very often performed using complicated methods. There are many difficulties encountered in analyzing a long number of samples in the monitoring programme. In such cases, a simpler though less precise and specific technique using inexpensive equipment to monitor a large number of water samples, might be more desirable.

This idea was realized in the assessment of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean Sea by petroleum hydrocarbons where the pollution of sea water with oil (dissolved and/or dispersed in sea water) was measured by spectrofluorometry. The paper describes an analytical evaluation of three modifications of simple the spectrofluorometry method, applied on numerous river and waste water samples collected from various areas of Croatia.     

水污染控制规划与GIS

在水污染控制规划中,总量控制是新手段,概率模型是新方法,ＧＩＳ是新工具。利用上述新手段,新方法和新工具,系统地介绍了水污染控制规划,初步探索了基于ＧＩＳ的水污染控制规划的实施途径。     

灰色模型在确定关键污染因子中的应用

将灰色模型引入水环境质量评价中，通过对某个时间段内污染物原始监测数据的灰色处理，从动态演变中找出关键因子，客观地判定各污染因子所起的作用，并对各因子在下一个时间段的发展趋势作出判断，增加了评价的准确性。经过实例运用分析表明，该方法物理意义明确，简便易用。     

京杭运河邳州段水质现状评价及污染防治对策

京杭运河邳州段是南水北调东线工程的重要输水通道,为了解其水质状况,利用2005年至2009年度例行监测数据对该段水质进行分析评价,并对造成水质污染内外部问题进行了探讨,提出了下一阶段的防治对策,以保证南水北调工程的如期供水。     

A real-time,dynamic early-warning model based on uncertainty analysis and risk assessment for sudden water pollution accidents

A real-time, dynamic, early-warning model (EP-risk model) is proposed to cope with sudden water quality pollution accidents affecting downstream areas with raw-water intakes (denoted as EPs). The EP-risk model outputs the risk level of water pollution at the EP by calculating the likelihood of pollution and evaluating the impact of pollution. A generalized form of the EP-risk model for river pollution accidents based on Monte Carlo simulation, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and the risk matrix method is proposed. The likelihood of water pollution at the EP is calculated by the Monte Carlo method, which is used for uncertainty analysis of pollutants’ transport in rivers. The impact of water pollution at the EP is evaluated by expert knowledge and the results of Monte Carlo simulation based on the analytic hierarchy process. The final risk level of water pollution at the EP is determined by the risk matrix method. A case study of the proposed method is illustrated with a phenol spill accident in China.     

Cooperation control strategies for China’s cross-region pollution in a lake basin based on green reduction cost

The cross-region water pollution issue has always been the widespread concern around the world. It becomes especially critical for China due to the imbalance relates to environmental costs that have accompanied rapid growth of economy. Though the government makes great efforts to improve it, the potential for water pollution conflict is still great. We consider the problem of determining combined control strategies for China’s cross-region lake pollution based on the environmental green costs. The problem is first formulated as a generalized bilevel mathematical program where the upper level consists in each region that reduces environmental green costs including three parts: the reduction cost, pollution permit trade cost and cost of environment damage, while the lower level is represented by pollution permit equilibrium market. Finally, we take an empirical analysis in Taihu lake. The numerical study shows that the minimum costs of both total and regional are obviously superior to the current processing costs, which provides theoretical basis for the price of emission permits.

Implications: Today, China’s rapid gross domestic product (GDP) growth has come at a very high cost, as real estate prices have skyrocketed, the wealth gap has widened, and environmental pollution has worsened. China’s central government is urged to correct the GDP-oriented performance evaluation system that is used to judge administrative region leaders. The cross-region water pollution issue has become a troubling issue that urgently needs to be resolved in China. This paper will not only actively aid efforts to govern Lake Taihu and other cross-region valleys, but it will also provide a supplement for theoretical research on cross-region pollution issues.