基于C/S/S+B/W/S/S混合模型安全系统的分析与设计

随着信息系统规模的不断扩大和互联网技术的发展,多层体系结构B/W/S/S,C/S/S应运而生,在综合分析了B/W/S/S结构和C/S/S结构的基础上,以C/S/S结构为系统管理核心,由网络管理服务集、网络管理协议平台组成了一种B/W/S/S,C/S/S混合结构信息系统模式。为解决该混合结构信息系统的安全性问题,笔者提出了将防火墙和强用户认证机制相结合的方案。由于防火墙的主要防范目标是来自于外部网络的攻击,对于自己内部网络却基本上不采取什么安全措施。当内网用户远程登录系统时,通过强身份认证系统进行有效的身份验证,可以补充防火墙在安全防范方面的不足,有效地保障了网络信息系统的安全性。     

聚碳酸酯/ABS/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的热重动力学分析

利用直接熔融插层技术制备聚碳酸酯/ABS聚合物合金/蒙脱土纳米复合材料.用热重分析法(TGA)研究了聚合物合金和纳米复合材料的热氧化降解行为.分别采用了无模式函数法(model-freemethod)和多元非线性回归法(multivariate nonlinearregression method)进行动力学评价.由此确定了整个降解过程的表观动力学参数.研究结果表明聚碳酸酯/ABS/蒙脱土纳米复合材料具有较高的热稳定性和阻燃性.两种材料的热氧化降解模型是一个两步分解过程.     

台湾康讯GPS/GSM/GPRS车辆监控系统

1 系统组成 康讯GPS/GSM/GPRS车辆监控系统分为车载终端子系统和监控中心子系统两部分. 1.1车载终端子系统 车载终端子系统由IntelliTrac X8车台、显示屏和电话手柄等组成.     

The explosion overpressure field and flame propagation of methane/air and methane/coal dust/air mixtures

The explosion of the methane/air mixture and the methane/coal dust/air mixture under 40 J center spark ignition condition was experimentally studied in a large-scale system of 10 m³ vessel. Five pressure sensors were arranged in space with different distances from the ignition point. A high-speed camera system was used to record the growth of the flame. The maximum overpressure of the methane/air mixture appeared at 0.75 m away from the ignition point; the thickness of the flame was about 10 mm and the propagation speed of the flame fluctuated around 2.5 m/s with the methane concentration of 9.5%. The maximum overpressure of the methane/coal dust/air mixture appeared at 0.5 m. The flame had a structure of three concentric zones from outside were the red zone, the yellow illuminating zone and the bright white illuminating zone respectively; the thickness and the propagation speed of the flame increased gradually, the thickness of red zone and yellow illuminating zone reached 3.5 cm and 1 cm, the speed reached 9.2 m/s at 28 ms.     

EVA树脂粉尘/甲烷/空气杂混物爆炸特性

在20 L爆炸实验装置中,开展了3种不同中值粒径的EVA树脂粉尘/甲烷/空气所组成的杂混物爆炸特性研究,探究了甲烷浓度对粉尘爆炸下限、最大爆炸压力的影响。结果表明,尽管添加的甲烷气体浓度低于爆炸下限,仍使得粉尘爆炸下限得以降低,粒径较大的EVA III粉尘,当甲烷体积分数为1%时,爆炸下限降低约25%;粒径较小的EVA I粉尘,当混入甲烷体积分数为4%时,爆炸下限则降低80%;甲烷体积分数每增加1%,可燃粉尘最大爆炸压力上升约10%,但对于粒径较小的EVA I粉尘,当甲烷体积分数为4%时,最大爆炸压力的上升呈现突变趋势,上升近50%。     

超深层孔隙地热水中NH4+和NO2-的运移规律研究

以河南省郑州市明化镇组细砂热储层为岩土介质,模拟地热水温度环境,分别开展溶质溴、亚硝酸盐和氨氮的室内土柱淋滤模拟试验,对比研究其运移规律.结果表明,由CXTFIT 2.0拟合穿透试验数据得到Br-在松散孔隙型细砂热储层中的纵向弥散系数在40℃时为3.735 cm2/h,20℃时为2.057 cm2/h.NO2-在运移过程中存在硝化作用,40℃时的硝化作用比20℃时强.NH4+-N在岩土介质中存在较强的吸附作用.由CXTFIT 2.0拟合试验数据得到氨氮在40℃和20℃的阻滞系数Rd,分别为79.14、107.3,但其硝化反应可以忽略.并且淋滤过程中,氨氮淋滤液的pH值逐渐上升,40℃时从7.46～7.68增大到8.78,20℃时最大值达到9.04.     

SHW2.8—0.7／95／70—AⅡ型锅炉爆管的修理及改进

通过对锅炉4年运行中出现的问题,从结构及管理上进行了分析,并加以改进维修,避免了类似事故的发生。     

铝粉超细化对KClO3/Al/S配方药剂特性的影响

为研究铝粉超细化后对烟火药剂性能的影响,将普通铝粉和纳米铝粉分别与氯酸钾、硫黄粉按照零氧平衡的同一配比(17%Al+63%KClO3+20%S)配制成烟火药剂,分别用0#样品和1#样品表示。用ARC、WL-1型落锤仪和MGY-1型摆式摩擦感度仪等试验装置从热安全性、撞击感度和摩擦感度等方面进行对比试验。结果表明,与含普通铝粉的0#样品相比,含纳米铝粉的1#烟火药剂热分解的初始反应温度明显降低(118.67℃<123.3℃),反应到达最大温升速率所需的时间明显延长(4.94min>0.13 min),反应所能达到的最高压力明显降低(2.77 MPa/g<3.14 MPa/g),反应动力学因子明显降低(361.85 kJ/mol<409.41 kJ/mol),撞击感度明显下降(12%<100%)。这说明铝粉粒径对药剂的性能有一定的影响。纳米铝粉的加入在加速烟火药剂反应进程的同时,可有效降低其反应的激烈程度、压力危险性和撞击危险性,即铝粉超细化后可以有效改善烟火药剂的性能,提高其安全性。     

衰变子体对241Am2Zr2O7固化体晶胞体积影响的模拟

为探索241 Am核素衰变子体对241Am2Zr2O7烧绿石固化体晶胞体积的影响,根据递次衰变理论计算了241Am衰变子体种类及其含量随时间的变化值,并以Nd2Zr2O7作为Am2Zr2O7的模拟物,La作为241Am衰变子体Np的模拟元素,采用Sol-喷雾热解法合成了(Nd1-xLax)2Zr2O7(0.1≤x≤0.9)系列模拟固化体.利用XRD和SEM研究了该固化体晶胞参数(α、V)随x的变化关系以及其烧结体的微观结构.结果表明,经103 a后,241 Am核素的相对摩尔分数仅为最初的10-5at％,其子体237Np的摩尔分数将达到70at％以上,并在4.3×103a后达到峰值(约99at％).相较其他常规方法,Sol-喷雾热解法能在更低温度、更温和的条件下获得纯相的(Nd1-xLax)2Zr2O7烧绿石样品,且能保证其烧结体晶粒细小(约10 μm),结构致密,残余气孔率可减少到5％.(Nd1-xLax)2Zr2O7模拟固化体的晶胞参数(α、V)均随x的增加而逐渐增大,在相同x条件下,其晶格常数理论值较试验值大0.2％,其晶胞体积在x为0.9时将膨胀约4％.(Nd1-xLax)2Zr2O7模拟固化体晶胞参数变化趋势与(Am1-xNpx)2Zr2O7固化体的理论值基本一致.     

铜铁共掺杂TiO2/膨润土光催化剂的制备及光催化性能

以溶胶-凝胶法、液相沉淀法和机械混合法制备了Cu-Fe双金属掺杂的TiO2/膨润土复合光催化剂,采用XRD、FTIR对其进行了结构表征,以紫外光和可见光催化降解直接天蓝染料废水为模型,考察了制备方法对催化剂光催化性能的影响。结果表明:各催化剂中均有锐钛矿型TiO2生成,且部分TiO2进入了膨润土的蒙脱石层间,改变了其层间的有序性,生成了Ti—O—Si键,实现了TiO2粒子与膨润土的复合。溶胶-凝胶法制备的催化剂中TiO2与膨润土的复合程度最高,Cu2+和Fe3+成功掺入了TiO2晶格,形成了复合半导体,拓宽了TiO2的光谱响应范围,使该催化剂表现出最优的光催化活性,并且该催化剂性能稳定,易于沉降分离,经高温活化再生后仍具有良好的催化活性,可重复多次使用,表现出良好的再生性能。     

新型A/O/A/O-SBR中DPB的富集及其典型菌株特性研究

为能更好地达到同步除磷脱氮的目的,对反硝化聚磷菌( Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal Bacteria,DPB)进行了富集培养,并对其中的典型菌株进行了特性研究.以校园生活区污水为研究对象,在温度为25℃,pH值为7.5,乙酸钠为碳源,进水COD为316.5 mg/L的条件下,采用三阶段的污泥驯化,对反硝化聚磷菌种进行了分离纯化,并对富集的典型菌株进行了生理生化试验、吸磷试验、硝酸盐还原产气试验.结果表明,富集培养后的DPB在A/O/A/O-SBR系统(厌氧2h,好氧1.5h,缺氧1.5 h,后置曝气0.5h)中成为优势菌群,系统中COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP的出水质量浓度分别为28.35 mg/L、0.87 mg/L、4.05mg/L和0.37 mg/L.分离鉴定出具有反硝化除磷能力的Z7、Z9两株典型菌株,其吸磷率均在50％左右.经细菌形态观察、生理特性分析及16S rDNA序列测定,鉴定Z7、Z9为缺氧反硝化聚磷菌,与假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)最相似,其同源性均达99.9％.     

US/FeEDTA/H2O2协同降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚废水研究

采用US/FeEDTA/H2O2体系协同降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚废水.探讨了初始pH值、H2O2质量浓度、FeEDTA质量浓度、超声波功率以及壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的初始质量浓度对壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚降解效果的影响及FeEDTA/H2O2和超声波之间的协同效应.结果表明,US/FeEDTA/H2O2体系降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚废水时产生较强的协同作用,而不是简单的几何叠加.US/FeEDTA/H2O2体系对壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的去除率比超声波与FeEDTA/H2O2体系的几何叠加的去除率高出约60%.在pH=9、H2O2质量浓度250 kg/L、FeEDTA质量浓度100 mg/L、超声波功率600 W的条件下,对初始质量浓度为100 mg/L的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚溶液降解2 h,其去除率在99%以上.     

Flash point of biodiesel/glycerol/alcohol mixtures for safe processing and storage

Mixtures of biodiesel, glycerol, and ethanol/methanol are commonly processed and stored in biodiesel production. In this work, non-ideal models are used to calculate the Flash Points (FPs) of binary and ternary mixtures, using data available from different feedstocks. Despite the fact that biodiesel is considered safer than common diesel fuels, results show a synergistic effect of biodiesel/methanol and biodiesel/ethanol mixtures, resulting in a reduction of the flash point of mixtures to values lower than the ones of pure compounds. Most soluble ternary mixtures were found flammable, the only exception being mixtures with a relatively lower alcohol content (45% mol. ethanol or 42% methanol) at temperature lower than 303 K. Accidental increase in temperature can cause domino effect, due to the higher solubility and the formation of new flammable ternary mixtures.     

Experimental investigation on the lower flammability limits of diethyl ether/ n-pentane/epoxypropane-air mixtures

Diethyl ether (DEE), epoxypropane (PO) and n-pentane have excellent ignition and combustion performance; hence, they have a wide variety of applications in industry and advanced aviation propulsion systems. As these fuels are flammable at normal temperature and pressure, their explosive characteristics need to be explored. In this study, the lower flammability limits (LFLs) of vapor mixtures of DEE/PO/n-pentane in air were measured in 20 L, closed, stainless steel spherical vessels. Experimental results were obtained at ambient atmospheric pressure and an initial temperature of 40 °C. The experimental results show that the LFLs of DEE-air, n-pentane -air, and PO-air are 1.81 vol%, 1.41 vol% and 2.44 vol%, respectively. The LFLs of binary/ternary fuel mixtures under different compositions were tested, and the experimental results are compared with the classical Le Chatelier's formula. The results show that, for the binary fuels (i.e., DEE/PO, DEE/n-pentane, PO/n-pentane)-air mixtures, the maximum difference of the LFLs between Le Chatelier's formula and the experimental results is 6.10%. For the ternary fuels (i.e., DEE/PO/n-pentane)-air mixtures, the maximum difference of the LFLs between the two results is 6.33%. Due to the adiabatic flame temperature of each single fuel mixture being close, the Le Chatelier's formula is applicable for an estimation of the LFL for DEE/PO/n-pentane-air mixtures.     

C／S与B／S相结合的企业应急管理系统

通过详细分析C/S与B/S模式各自的优缺点,提出了C/S与B/S相结合的企业应急管理系统.系统以山东省某化工企业应急管理系统为例,详细论述了企业应急管理系统的功能模块组成.有助于较大型的企业单位建立自己的应急管理系统,为企业应急体系建设提供帮助.     

Occupational exposure to base stations-compliance with EU directive 2004/40/EC.

The rapid growth of mobile communications has not only led to a rising number of mobile telephones. It has also made base stations essential for these services widespread on many roofs. However, not everyone is aware that working close to sources of high frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF), such as transmitter antennas for mobile phones, pagers and police, fire and other emergency services, can result in high EMF exposure. This paper deals with measurements and calculations of the compliance boundary for workers in one typical roof top base station setting according to EU Directive and other relevant EN standards.     

Numerical studies on minimum ignition energies in methane/air and iso-octane/air mixtures

In this study, the dependence of minimum ignition energies (MIE) on ignition geometry, ignition source radius and mixture composition is investigated numerically for methane/air and iso-octane/air mixtures. Methane and iso-octane are both important hydrocarbon fuels, but differ strongly with respect to their Lewis numbers. Lean iso-octane air mixtures have particularly large Lewis numbers. The results show that within the flammability limits, the MIE for both mixtures stays almost constant, and increases rapidly at the limits. The MIEs for both fuels are also similar within the flammability limits. Furthermore, the MIEs of iso-octane/air mixtures with a small spherical ignition source increase rapidly for lean mixtures. Here the Lewis number is above unity, and thus, the flame may quench because of flame curvature effects. The observations show a distinct difference between ignition and flame propagation for iso-octane. The minimum energy required for initiating a successful flame propagation can be considerably higher than that required for initiating an ignition in the ignition volume. For iso-octane with a small spherical ignition source, this effect was observed at all equivalence ratios. For iso-octane with cylindrical ignition sources, the phenomenon appeared at lower equivalence ratios only, where the mixture's Lewis number is large. For methane fuel, the effect was negligible. The results highlight the significance of molecular transport properties on the decision whether or not an ignitable mixture can evolve into a propagating flame.