嗜热菌生物过滤技术处理高温废气的研究进展

介绍了嗜热菌的特点及其潜在优势,针对高温废气中的主要污染物(硫化氢气体、芳香族挥发性有机物(VOCs)、脂肪族VOCs),详细阐述了嗜热菌生物过滤技术对高温废气的处理性能及研究进展.分析了嗜热菌生物过滤技术有待进一步研究的科学问题,并展望了嗜热菌生物过滤技术的发展方向及前景.     

生物过滤法处理低浓度有机废气的研究进展

介绍了生物过滤法处理低浓度有机废气的基本工艺流程，阐述了近年来国内外针对生物滤池性能影响因素的研究进展，包括微生物、填料、湿度、温度、pH和营养等，指出了各因素在生物滤池运行过程中的作用及存在问题，并对应用生物过滤技术的前景进行了分析。     

一种恶臭废气的吸收-生物处理方法

该发明涉及恶臭废气的吸收-生物处理方法：恶臭废气进入喷淋吸收塔，发生吸收、增湿和降温作用，然后进入生物滴滤装置，在上升过程中与附着在填料表面的生物膜接触并被生物降解为无臭的化合物，净化后的气体排出。空床停留时间为11～45s。喷淋吸收产生的废水一部分可作生物循环水、其他经生化处理后重新作为喷淋水循环使用。吸收-生物技术能高效去除有机胺、氨气、硫化氢、硫醇、甲基硫醚（DMS）、二甲基二硫（DMDS）、苯乙烯、挥发性有机物（VOC）、二甲基三硫、苯甲胺、二硫化碳、     

城市固体废弃物臭气的生物过滤处理法简介

简要介绍了生物过滤法的除臭原理及生物过滤系统,提出了菌种的驯化方法及吸附层填料和工况条件的参数选择。     

膜生物反应器及其在工业废水处理中的应用

介绍了膜生物反应器的工艺流程、膜材料与膜组件形式、工艺特点及其在工业废水处理应用中对CDD、氮、磷及挥发性有机物的去除效果；分析了影响膜生物反应器废水处理效果的主要因素及对策；指出了膜生物反应器在工业废水处理方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

培育优势菌种处理腈纶厂硫氰酸钠废水

采用两段生物氧化法处理腈纶厂的硫氰酸钠废水，Ⅰ段去除易降解的有机物，Ⅱ段培育以自养性排硫杆菌为主体的生物膜，降解硫氰酸钠。试验装置的容积负荷达１．１—２．２ｋｇＮａＳＣＮ／ｍ￣３·ｄ，比单级氧化池处理同类废水试验的容积负荷提高２—４倍。文中介绍了试验装置运转情况，两段生物膜的特性，探讨了在第Ⅱ段氧化池中硫氰酸钠生物降解的动力学模型。     

外置式超滤膜生物反应器处理油田废水

采用外置式超滤膜生物反应器处理油田废水,废水中的有机物被生物接触氧化池填料上形成生物膜的微生物降解,然后通过中空纤维超滤膜进行过滤,出水中油的质量浓度在1m g/L以下,悬浮物的质量浓度在3m g/L以下。考察了细菌的筛选、生物膜的培养驯化及压力、温度等对膜通量的影响。实验结果表明,筛选出的3株高效原油降解菌有很好的除油效果;生物膜经培养驯化成熟后,生物接触氧化池内细菌浓度为1×106个/mL;膜通量随压力和温度的适当提高而增加,适宜的操作压力为0.08M Pa,温度为20~28℃。分别用超滤水反冲洗、稀碱、稀酸、杀菌剂(如N aC lO溶液)和清水冲洗被污染的超滤膜,可使膜通量恢复到新膜的98%以上;在生物除油工序后增加沉淀池,膜污染可减少约7.77%。     

污泥为主要原料制成的过滤吸附材料

该发明涉及一种污泥为主要原料制成的新型过滤吸附材料在回用水处理中的应用。为了解决现有回用水处理中一些过滤吸附材料价格较高、化学需氧量和氨氮出水指标低的问题，该发明在处理回用水过程中：（1）利用该过滤吸附材料在曝气生物滤池中采用下向或上向流方式对回用水进行处理，此时曝气强度保持在溶解氧质量浓度为2—4mg／L，8—20d形成生物膜。     

活性炭吸附-生物膜法处理印染废水的研究

对印染废水三级处理的活性炭吸附-生物膜法进行了试验研究.该方法是将活性炭吸附有机物和微生物氧化分解有机物结合来,协同作用,因而效果更优越,并能延长活性炭的使用周期,降低处理费用.     

超声波处理石化厂剩余活性污泥

采用超声波处理石化污水处理厂的剩余活性污泥。介绍了超声波对污泥的作用机理，初步研究了超声波处理污泥的影响因素。大功率超声波可以降解生物污泥，释放出其中的有机物。小功率超声波能够改善污泥的膨胀特性、提高污泥沉淀特性和脱水能力、降低污泥的含水率，达到减量的目的。经超声波处理并简单过滤的污泥滤液，COD达到4200mg／L左右，污泥含水率由94％降至85％左右。     

A “convective” flow biofilter for the biofiltration of contaminants at sub‐low concentrations

Biofiltration of contaminants at concentrations below a certain level (sub‐low concentrations) is not as effective as at higher concentrations, which leads to incomplete removal of the contaminants, because of diffusive mass transfer of the contaminants inside the biofilm and insufficient carbon and energy sources to sustain biomass growth and maintenance. To overcome the limitation of diffusion, this article proposes the concept of convective flow biofilm in which contaminated air flows through the porous biofilm and thus carries the carbon and energy sources to the biomass. The innovative concept of convective flow biofilm was implemented in a convective flow biofilter (CFB), which was built from activated carbon‐coated ceramic monoliths by selectively blocking the channel openings. The CFB was tested for 11 weeks for the biofiltration of toluene at inlet concentrations below 100 ppmv. The CFB performed consistently better than the conventional diffusive flow biofilter (DFB), as indicated by the higher removal efficiencies and the higher CO₂ productions. The CFB demonstrated up to 30 percent higher removal efficiency and an up to 100 percent higher elimination capacity than the DFB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

生物膜反应器中生物膜脱落的机理及数学模型

生物膜法是一种高效的废水处理方法。对生物膜反应器中的生物膜形成、流体力学、传质以及反应动力学特性都做了较深入的研究。目前，在反应机理研究方面，生物膜的脱落是了解最少的，而反应器中生物膜的脱落对生物膜的形态、稳定性以及转化效率都有直接的影响，因此，生物膜脱落的研究具有十分重要的意义。介绍了生物膜反应器中生物膜脱落的过程及其机理，讨论了影响生物膜脱落的种种因素，并对有关研究生物膜脱落的数学模型作了总结和分析，最后提出了今后生物膜脱落研究的重点。     

Passive drainage and biofiltration of landfill gas: Australian field trial

In Australia a significant number of landfill waste disposal sites do not incorporate measures for the collection and treatment of landfill gas. This includes many old/former landfill sites, rural landfill sites, non-putrescible solid waste and inert waste landfill sites, where landfill gas generation is low and it is not commercially viable to extract and beneficially utilize the landfill gas. Previous research has demonstrated that biofiltration has the potential to degrade methane in landfill gas, however, the microbial processes can be affected by many local conditions and factors including moisture content, temperature, nutrient supply, including the availability of oxygen and methane, and the movement of gas (oxygen and methane) to/from the micro-organisms. A field scale trial is being undertaken at a landfill site in Sydney, Australia, to investigate passive drainage and biofiltration of landfill gas as a means of managing landfill gas emissions at low to moderate gas generation landfill sites. The design and construction of the trial is described and the experimental results will provide in-depth knowledge on the application of passive gas drainage and landfill gas biofiltration under Sydney (Australian) conditions, including the performance of recycled materials for the management of landfill gas emissions.     

Biofiltration of airstreams contaminated with MTBE

The treatment of groundwater contaminated with low concentrations of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is of nationwide concern. Many treatment techniques include removing MTBE vapors from groundwater, resulting in airstreams that require treatment. One method used for air‐phase MTBE treatment is biofiltration. In a biofilter, the vapors pass through a reactor that contains MTBE‐biodegrading organisms attached to a porous media. This article reports the results of a biofiltration study to treat air contaminated with MTBE at concentrations of 0.2 to 0.33 mg/l, concentrations frequently encountered in the field. The results indicate that MTBE removal at these low concentrations is not as efficient as removals seen at higher concentrations. Activated carbon was shown to be a superior biofiltration medium, compared with media that do not adsorb MTBE vapors. Activated carbon was especially helpful in treatment shock loads of MTBE. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

有机废气的生物膜处理技术

介绍了一种净化有机废气的新方法－－生物膜处理技术。对生物膜处理装置的类型、机理以及和应用情况进行发概述和讨论。     

Submerged Membrane System with Biofilter as a Treatment to Rainwater

Rainwater has been used as drinking water in Thailand for centuries especially in the rural parts and is accepted as an important water resource. From past to present, the quality of rainwater has changed with the landuse of the landscape, and its water quality is influenced by a diverse range of conditions such as the management of pollutant sources, the catchment condition, wind and meteorological conditions, and the location of rainwater collection points. In this study, the quality of rainwater collected off roofs at several locations was examined. Granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration was used as a pretreatment to microfiltration (MF) to remove the dissolved organic matter (DOC). After an initial adsorption period, the biofilm that formed on the GAC (biofilter) was found to remove DOC by up to 40%, 35%, and 15% for bed filter depths of 15, 10, and 5 cm, respectively. Biofilters also removed nitrate and phosphate by more than 80% and 35%. The hollow fiber membrane microfiltration with pore size of 0.1 μm was used to treat the effluent from biofiltration to remove the microorganisms/pathogens in the rainwater. Although there was no significant additional removal of DOC by MF, the biofilter removed all microorganisms. The use of biofilters as pretreatment to MF/UF could remove a higher amount of DOC, remove microorganisms, increase the membrane treatment efficiency, and reduce membrane fouling.     

微生物磁效应在废水处理中的应用

介绍了微生物磁效应的原理和作用方式，综述了近年来国内外将微生物磁效应应用于活性污泥法、生物接触氧化法和酶法废水生物处理中的研究进展，指出了开发磁性生物亲和亲水填料是微生物磁效应运用于生物接触氧化废水处理技术的发展方向。     

黑麦草强化生物过滤法处理正己烷废气

采用顶部种植黑麦草的微生物填料塔,对模拟正己烷废气进行生物过滤处理。研究了反应温度、入口正己烷质量浓度、填料层高度对正己烷去除效果的影响,考察了填料塔中细菌及过氧化氢酶活性的分布。实验结果表明:黑麦草强化生物过滤的适宜反应温度为25℃;正己烷出口质量浓度随入口浓度的增加而增大,随填料层高度的增加而减小;在反应温度为25℃,入口正己烷质量浓度为100~500 mg/m3、填料层高度为600 mm的条件下,出口正己烷质量浓度为0~46 mg/m3,均低于GBZ/T 2.1—2007《工作场所化学有害因素职业接触限值》中对正己烷的限值(100 mg/m3);相同条件下,种植黑麦草的填料塔的正己烷去除率明显提高,细菌浓度及过氧化氢酶活性均高于无黑麦草的填料塔,说明黑麦草显著促进了正己烷的生物降解。     

生物膜法处理挥发性有机化合物技术

综述了生物法有机废气处理技术的国内外研究现状,介绍了生物膜法处理VICs的装置及工艺流程。重点讨论了生物滤池和生物滴滤池在设计和运行中存在的问题及填料、生物量、湿度、pH和营养物质等主要影响因素。