浅谈低浓度有机废气治理技术的选择

文章介绍了4种常见低浓度有机废气治理技术的原理、优缺点,对比分析了低浓度有机废气治理技术的环保性能、运维费用和安全性能。沸石转轮吸附浓缩催化氧化技术在净化效率、运行费用、安全性方面明显优于其他有机废气治理技术。建议对于常规低浓度有机废气治理优先选择沸石转轮吸附浓缩催化氧化技术。     

低温等离子体技术处理汽车尾气的研究

根据对现有的尾气处理技术的分析,介绍了一种尾气处理的新技术：介质阻挡放电低温等离子体技术。对低温等离子体技术的原理和基本结构进行了探讨,并分别就低温等离子体技术与多种不同的催化净化技术结合进行了具体研究。研究表明,低温等离子体净化技术与现有的催化净化技术结合,可以克服现有催化净化技术的不足,有效提高发动机尾气颗粒物、碳氢化合物和氮氧化物的净化效率,且具有广泛的应用前景。     

JY-C型有机废气净化处理技术

由福州嘉园环保工程有限公司开发的JY-C型有机废气净化处理技术,适用于治理含挥发性物质的有机废气。主要技术内容一、基本原理采用活性炭吸附-热力脱附-催化再生工艺原理,理论基础为活性炭吸附解析机理和气-固催化氧化反应机理。蜂窝活性炭对有机废气具有良好的吸附能力,在分子间力和未饱和化学键力的作用下,低     

低温等离子体耦合催化剂降解VOCs的研究进展

文章对近十年来等离子体催化降解VOCs技术进行了调查研究并进行综述,简要介绍低温等离子体技术,通过分析低温等离子体催化不同的耦合方式,对贵金属、过渡金属氧化物、双金属、光催化剂等4种类型催化剂的研究进展进行概述;从湿度、背景气体、氧浓度和催化剂制备参数等方面概述低温等离子体催化影响因素方面的研究进展;不同的催化剂及其他影响因素对VOCs的降解效果及副产物的影响。最后对低温等离子协同催化技术降解VOCs的机理进行阐述。     

恶臭气体的治理技术及其进展

本文对近十年来国内外在治理恶臭气体方面的研究、应用治理技术及正在发展中的新技术作了较为全面的介绍,主要方法有物理法、化学法和生物法,如掩蔽法、稀释扩散法、燃烧法、化学氧化法、光催化氧化法、吸收法、吸附法、生物法和其它新的方法。预测了新技术发展趋势和应用前景。     

高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

垃圾渗滤液是一种成分非常复杂的高浓度有机废水.本文介绍了高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用现状.主要包括Fenton氧化法、光化学催化氧化法、湿式氧化法、臭氧氧化法、超声氧化法、电化学氧化法、超临界水氧化法及等离子体技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用,分析了高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的原理,探讨了它们的优缺点,并对高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液应用的未来发展进行了展望.     

AOE活性氧净化装置

由上海锦惠复洁环境工程有限公司开发的AOE活性氧净化装置,适用于VOC废气净化。主要技术内容采用脉冲放电或无声放电等产生的非平衡等离子体作为废气净化技术。基本原理是通过前沿陡峭、脉宽窄(纳秒级)的高压脉冲电晕放电,在常温常压下获得非平衡等离子体,即产生大量活性粒子(称其为"活性氧"),对有机物分子进行氧化降解反应,使污染物最终转化为无     

挥发性有机废气吸附+催化燃烧净化技术

<正>由青岛路博宏业环保技术开发有限公司开发的挥发性有机废气吸附+催化燃烧净化技术,适用于工业挥发性有机废气(VOCs)治理。主要技术内容一、基本原理采用有机废气吸附脱附一体机,集废气预处理、吸附、脱附、新风换热、催化燃烧、引风系统多种工序于一体。在吸附风机的作用下,废气首先进入前置过滤箱体,将废气中的颗粒物过滤、阻截。由前置过滤器分别进入两侧吸附脱附箱体(中间设有旁路保温隔层,在有     

高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展

本文介绍了包括化学氧化法、电化学氧化法、光催化氧化法、超声氧化法、辐照氧化法和催化湿式氧化法等在内的高级氧化技术的机理和运用于垃圾渗滤液处理的研究进展,并提出高级氧化技术与生物处理联合运用和各种高级氧化工艺之间的优化组合将是实现高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中工程化运用的发展方向.     

有机废气治理技术的研究进展

有机废气治理问题是当前废气处理的难点问题之一。本文首先介绍了几类传统有机废气处理技术的发展现状,包括吸附法、吸收法、催化氧化法、生物处理法等。对这几类有机废气治理技术的应用机理、适用范围以及现存问题进行了综合地比较与分析。最后,对于近年来出现的几类新型有机废气处理技术,如膜分离法、光催化氧化法、综合处理法的发展前景进行了一定的展望并列举了几类新技术的工程应用实例。     

Application of sludge-based carbonaceous materials in a hybrid water treatment process based on adsorption and catalytic wet air oxidation

This paper describes a preliminary evaluation of the performance of carbonaceous materials prepared from sewage sludges (SBCMs) in a hybrid water treatment process based on adsorption and catalytic wet air oxidation; phenol was used as the model pollutant. Three different sewage sludges were treated by either carbonisation or steam activation, and the physico-chemical properties of the resultant carbonaceous materials (e.g. hardness, BET surface area, ash and elemental content, surface chemistry) were evaluated and compared with a commercial reference activated carbon (PICA F22). The adsorption capacity for phenol of the SBCMs was greater than suggested by their BET surface area, but less than F22; a steam activated, dewatered raw sludge (SA_DRAW) had the greatest adsorption capacity of the SBCMs in the investigated range of concentrations (<0.05 mol L^?1). In batch oxidation tests, the SBCMs demonstrated catalytic behaviour arising from their substrate adsorptivity and metal content. Recycling of SA_DRAW in successive oxidations led to significant structural attrition and a hardened SA_DRAW was evaluated, but found to be unsatisfactory during the oxidation step. In a combined adsorption–oxidation sequence, both the PICA carbon and a selected SBCM showed deterioration in phenol adsorption after oxidative regeneration, but a steady state performance was reached after 2 or 3 cycles.     

青岛市挥发性有机物排放清单及重点行业排放特征研究

根据收集的青岛市九大类排放源的活动水平数据,本研究采用排放因子法结合调研实测等工作建立了青岛市VOCs源排放清单,结果表明,工业企业VOCs排放占总排放的比例达到43.17%。其中,工艺过程源类中排放占比较高的行业依次为橡胶和塑料制品业、非金属矿物制品业、原油加工及石油制品制造业、化学原料和化学制品制造业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业等;溶剂使用源类中排放占比较高的行业为金属制品业、皮革皮毛羽毛制品和制鞋业、印刷业、铁路船舶航空等设备制造业、汽车制造业等。通过对重点行业重点企业进行入场调研采样分析,本研究发现不同行业中VOCs组成特征有差异,多数行业VOCs物种排放以卤代烃、芳香烃、烷烃等为主,纺织印染业、制鞋业等部分行业以含氧有机物排放为主。通过调研和实测对部分行业的VOCs排放因子水平做了本地化深入研究,调研统计青岛市约49%的企业安装了VOCs治理设施;在企业所安装的VOCs治理设施中吸附法占比最大,占比为26%。     

Volatile organic compounds in the unsaturated zone from radioactive wastes

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often comingled with low-level radioactive wastes (LLRW), but little is known about subsurface VOC emanations from LLRW landfills. The current study systematically quantified VOCs associated with LLRW over an 11-yr period at the USGS Amargosa Desert Research Site (ADRS) in southwestern Nevada. Unsaturated-zone gas samples of VOCs were collected by adsorption on resin cartridges and analyzed by thermal desorption and GC/MS. Sixty of 87 VOC method analytes were detected in the 110-m-thick unsaturated zone surrounding a LLRW disposal facility. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were detected in 100% of samples collected. Chlorofluorocarbons are powerful greenhouse gases, deplete stratospheric ozone, and are likely released from LLRW facilities worldwide. Soil-gas samples collected from a depth of 24 m and a horizontal distance 100 m south of the nearest waste-disposal trench contained >60,000 ppbv total VOCs, including >37,000 ppbv CFCs. Extensive sampling in the shallow unsaturated zone (0-2 m deep) identified areas where total VOC concentrations exceeded 5000 ppbv at the 1.5-m depth. Volatile organic compound concentrations exceeded background levels up to 300 m from the facility. Maximum vertical diffusive fluxes of total VOCs were estimated to be 1 g m yr. Volatile organic compound distributions were similar but not identical to those previously determined for tritium and elemental mercury. To our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize the unsaturated zone distribution of VOCs emanating from a LLRW landfill. Our results may help explain anomalous transport of radionuclides at the ADRS and elsewhere.     

水中内分泌干扰物-壬基酚的去除研究进展

壬基酚是一种内分泌干扰物,主要来源于NPEO,能通过生物富集作用进入生物体内并造成危害。当前检测水样中壬基酚的主要方法是采用GC—MS,预处理采用固相萃取。研究表明自来水厂的常规处理工艺对于壬基酚的去除有限;而活性炭、有机蒙脱土吸附等物理方法,超声声化、电化学氧化、光分解等化学方法可有效降解水中的壬基酚。     

浅析珠三角地区有机废气治理技术的开发应用

珠江三角洲地区大气污染最明显的特点就是臭氧浓度的升高导致大气氧化性增强,而挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)和氮氧化物是大气臭氧生成的重要前体物。珠三角地区工业体系发达,VOCs的生产及使用企业众多,由于VOCs的种类繁多,性质各异,排放条件多样,目前已经形成了一系列的VOCs废气实用治理技术。     

VOCs恶臭污染物质的污染状况和一般处理方法

VOCs恶臭污染物质是一些既有异味且具有挥发性的有机气态污染物质，对人体健康和生态环境造成很大危害。VOCs恶臭物质来源于生活和工业生产等方面。常用的处理方法有吸附法、吸收法、燃烧法、冷凝法、生物法、膜分离法等。其中，生物法处理有机废气具有运行费用低、维护管理方便、没有二次污染等优点，成为今后治理VOCs恶臭污染物质的清洁型生物方法。     

Attenuation of methane and volatile organic compounds in landfill soil covers

The potential for natural attenuation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in landfill covers was investigated in soil microcosms incubated with methane and air, simulating the gas composition in landfill soil covers. Soil was sampled at Skellingsted Landfill at a location emitting methane. In total, 26 VOCs were investigated, including chlorinated methanes, ethanes, ethenes, fluorinated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The soil showed a high capacity for methane oxidation resulting in very high oxidation rates of between 24 and 112 microg CH4 g(-1) h(-1). All lower chlorinated compounds were shown degradable, and the degradation occurred in parallel with the oxidation of methane. In general, the degradation rates of the chlorinated aliphatics were inversely related to the chlorine to carbon ratios. For example, in batch experiments with chlorinated ethylenes, the highest rates were observed for vinyl chloride (VC) and lowest rates for trichloroethylene (TCE), while tetrachloroethylene (PCE) was not degraded. Maximal oxidation rates for the halogenated aliphatic compounds varied between 0.03 and 1.7 microg g(-1) h(-1). Fully halogenated hydrocarbons (PCE, tetrachloromethane [TeCM], chlorofluorocarbon [CFC]-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113) were not degraded in the presence of methane and oxygen. Aromatic hydrocarbons were rapidly degraded giving high maximal oxidation rates (0.17-1.4 microg g(-1) h(-1)). The capacity for methane oxidation was related to the depth of oxygen penetration. The methane oxidizers were very active in oxidizing methane and the selected trace components down to a depth of 50 cm below the surface. Maximal oxidation activity occurred in a zone between 15 and 20 cm below the surface, as this depth allowed sufficient supply of both methane and oxygen. Mass balance calculations using the maximal oxidation rates obtained demonstrated that landfill soil covers have a significant potential for not only methane oxidation but also cometabolic degradation of selected volatile organics, thereby reducing emissions to the atmosphere.     

低温等离子体技术净化室内VOCs的研究进展

低温等离子体技术作为一种新型室内净化技术,能够有效降解室内挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。本文首先简要介绍了室内VOCs的主要来源和对人体的危害,以及传统治理技术的不足,详细分析了低温等离子体净化VOCs的优势和机理,并对低温等离子净化VOCs存在的问题以及研究现状做了引证阐述,最后提出了有待解决的难题。     

挥发性有机物(VOCS)活性炭吸附回收技术综述

随着我国经济建设的发展，各类有机溶剂的应用越来越广，有机废气的排放量也随之逐年增加，其所带来的空气污染等环境问题已经引起全世界的关注。过去，研究人员主要致力于开发高效的VOCs控制技术。随着我国建立可持续社会目标的提出，越来越多的人开始关注经济有效的VOCs回收方法。本文重点介绍了活性炭吸附回收VOCs的工艺现状和研究进展，并预测了VOCs分离回收技术的发展趋势。