极具开发潜力的热带水果——番荔枝

介绍了番荔枝的基本生物特性、食用价值及药用开发价值,并提出了简单有效的保鲜加工方法,这为消费者常年提供营养美味的热带水果－番荔枝成为可能,同时也为热带、亚热带区域种植、加工番荔枝提供了一条有价值的开发途径。     

土壤重金属污染普查样品加工的关键环节研究

针对土壤重金属污染普查样品加工无明确标准规定的问题,为适应现代重金属分析测试技术的需求。系统研究了土壤样品加工方式、粒度两个关键环节对样品代表性、加工效率等方面的影响。结果表明:玛瑙球磨为最适宜的加工方式;在确定称样量的前提下,样品的加工粒度应0.15mm(-100目)。根据相关技术规定,在此基础上拟定了土壤重金属普查样品加工流程,为普查工作提供了一种可借鉴的样品加工流程。     

我国石油炼化企业主要水污染物排放量核算方法研究

从企业工艺和产品特点出发,分析了石油炼制企业主要水污染物的排放量与企业加工量、加工工艺、加工装置、末端治理设施之间的简单逻辑关系,提出了一种基于企业规模、生产装置特征和污染治理技术的石油炼化企业水污染物排放量复杂系数核算方法。通过与实际监测数据的对比,该方法的误差满足总量核算中石油炼化企业排放量核算的要求,为行业总量减排核算提供了一种新的方法。     

潜水推流式搅拌机的标准解读

从潜水推流式搅拌机生产、制造的角度,对国家相关标准的主要技术要求和内容进行了分析解读,有助于从事该行业的技术人员了解并掌握潜水推流式搅拌机的关键点,帮助采用该标准设计、加工、制造、检验、检测的技术人员对产品加强质量控制,为用户设计、选型、应用及质量保证提供了依据。     

进口废塑料环境保护管理研究

随着塑料资源的大量消耗,废塑料的利用引起了社会的高度重视。工艺简单,投入成本少,入行门槛低导致部分废塑料加工利用企业技术水平低、管理模式差、环境污染重。为规范进口废塑料行业,通过调研统计、实验分析、咨询论证和研究了进口废塑料环境保护管理规定,对进口废塑料企业的规模、设备、人员和管理等方面提出了要求,为进一步规范提升进口废塑料行业提供技术支撑。     

打造绿色产品 开启环保新里程——江苏淮龙新型建材有限公司节能减排工作侧记

江苏淮龙新型建材有限公司(以下称淮龙公司)是江苏沙钢集团淮钢特钢有限公司和新加坡昂国企业有限公司共同出资组建的一家中外合资企业。公司成立于2005年11月12日,主要生产、加工、销售粒化高炉矿渣粉,就产品的生产、加工、销售和应用提供技术咨询和服务,并为产品提供运输和装运服务以及产品的应用技术、开发。淮龙公司以昂国企业的技术保证为依托,结合双方股东的经验和技术优势,采用由日本引进的具有国际领先水平的立式辊压磨工艺技术,以淮钢公司生产的优质水淬粒化矿渣为原料,生产顺应国际潮流的优质绿色环保产品"伟圣"牌高     

进口废五金类加工利压定点企业管理研究

随着我国进口废物环境管理与政策的完善,进口废五金电器、废电线电缆、废电机定点加工利用企业管理逐步完善,但仍存在行业技术装备水平和管理规范性低等问题。本文详述了定点企业生产布局、生产设备、污染治理设施及管理制度的现状及存在问题,并提出相应的建议,为进1：2废五金类企业的发展提供指导依据。     

基于产业化经营的青海特色农牧业发展研究

青海地处"世界屋脊",特殊的地理位置和独特的自然环境为发展具有高原特色的农牧业提供了得天独厚的优越条件。由于青海农产品加工转化能力低、品牌建设滞后、产业化程度不高,使青海特色农产品的市场价值未能得到体现。在分析青海省特色农牧业产业化发展现状的基础上,指出青海省特色农牧业在产业化经营中存在的问题,并提出了相关对策。     

棉、毛、混纺成衣加工废水处理工程实践

本文介绍了采用混凝沉淀 生物接触氧化法处理无印染工序的棉、毛、混纺成衣加工废水及厂区生活污水的工程实例,应用该方法可使出水达到广东省地方一级排放标准,对同类废水的处理提供了参考.     

青海省环境信息中心

青海省环境信息中心成立于1994年,现为社会公益性事业单位。主要职责：组织和指导本省的环境信息网络系统建设;负责收集、存贮、加工、传输和发布共享本省的环境信息,向环保部和省环保厅报送规范化的环境信息;为各级环境管理、决裁部门提供环境信息化技术支持和服务;     

德阳市城市生活垃圾处理技术的研究与实践

本文以德阳市城市生活垃圾的研究及垃圾处理工程的建设为主线，论述了德阳市在生活垃圾处理实践中不断探索和改造的实情；以满足城市发展需要的垃圾处理方式及转运工作为主线，介绍了生活垃圾处理场不断进行科研和实践的工作。     

Energetics and environmental costs of agriculture in a dry tropical region of India

The present article, based on a study of five village ecosystems, assesses the energy efficiency of rain-fed agriculture in a dry tropical environment and the impact of agricultural activity on the surrounding natural ecosystems. Agronomic yield is insufficient to meet the food requirement of the human population, hence 11.5%–49.7% of the required amount of food grains are imported from the market. Energy requirements of five studied agroecosystems are subsidized considerably by the surrounding forest in the form of fodder and firewood. Natural ecosystems supply about 80%–95% of fodder needs and 81%–100% of fuelwood needs. The output-input ratio of agriculture indicated that, on average, 4.1 units of energy are expended to obtain one unit of agronomic energy. Of this, 3.9 units are supplied by the natural ecosystem. In addition, 38% of the extracted firewood is marketed. The illegal felling and lopping of trees result in ever-increasing concentric circles of forest destruction around the villages and together with excessive grazing results in savannization. The forests can be conserved by encouraging fuelwood plantations (0.7 ha/ha cultivated land) and developing village pastures (1.6 ha/ha cultivated land) and reducing the livestock numbers. Agricultural production in the region can be stabilized by introducing improved dry farming techniques such as intercropping, planned rainwater management, and adequate use of fertilizers.     

Sustainable Land Use Requires Attention to Ecological Signals

This case study details the difficulties of landscape management, highlighting the challenges inherent in managing natural resources when multiple agencies are involved, when the land users have no incentive for conservation, and when government agencies have too few resources for effective management. Pumping of groundwater from the aquifer of La Costa de Hermosillo in the state of Sonora, Mexico, began in 1945 and developed so quickly that by the late 1950s salinity intrusion from the Gulf of California was occurring in the wells. In the 1970s, the irrigatable land in La Costa peaked at 132,516 ha and the extracted volume of water from the aquifer peaked at around 1.14 billion cubic meters annually. By the 1980s, 105 wells of the total of 498 were contaminated with seawater and, therefore, identified for closure. At present La Costa de Hermosillo still represents 15% of the total harvested land, 16% of the total annual production, and 23% of the gross agricultural production of the state of Sonora. However, there are approximately 80,000 ha of abandoned fields due to salt water intension, lack of water and/or lack of credit available to individual farmers. This unstable situation resulted from the interplay of water management policies and practices, and farm-land policies and practices. While government agencies have been able to enforce better water use for agricultural production, there remains a significant area that requires restoration from its degraded state. For this piece of the ecosystem management puzzle, government agencies have thus far been unable to affect a solution.     

协定水污染物间接排放标准的法律问题探究

以协商的方式确定水污染物间接排放标准的规定打破了人们对标准确定性、强制性的传统认识。协定标准的优势在于充分利用污水处理厂的污水处理能力,减轻企业的污水处理负担,使企业可以集中力量搞生产。协定标准具有灵活性和优越性,应充分利用。通过对协定标准概念和重要性的分析,指出协定标准存在效力不确定、缺少对协定范围的限制等问题,造成协定标准在实践中通常被忽视或者滥用。并从明确协定标准的范围、加强排污企业的管理和协定标准的监督等方面,进一步提出了限制和完善水污染物间接排放标准的建议。     

Environmental assessment of packaging: Sense and sensibility

The functions of packaging are derived from product requirements, thus for insight into the environmental effects of packaging the actual combination of product and package has to be evaluated along the production and distribution system. This extension to all related environmental aspects adds realism to the environmental analysis and provides guidance for design while preventing a too detailed investigation of parts of the production system. This approach is contrary to current environmental studies where packaging is always treated as an independent object, neglecting the more important environmental effects of the product that are influenced by packaging. The general analysis and quantification stages for this approach are described, and the currently available methods for the assessment of environmental effects are reviewed. To limit the workload involved in an environmental assessment, a step-by-step analysis and the use of feedback is recommended. First the dominant environmental effects of a particular product and its production and distribution are estimated. Then, on the basis of these preliminary results, the appropriate system boundaries are chosen and the need for further or more detailed environmental analysis is determined. For typical food and drink applications, the effect of different system boundaries on the outcome of environmental assessments and the advantage of the step-by-step analysis of the food supply system is shown. It appears that, depending on the consumer group, different advice for reduction of environmental effects has to be given. Furthermore, because of interrelated environmental effects of the food supply system, the continuing quest for more detailed and accurate analysis of the package components is not necessary for improved management of the environmental effects of packaging.     

GROUND WATER OF THE ISLAND OF MONTREAL,CANADA1

ABSTRACT: The geochemistry and nature of the flow of ground water not only control the supply potential but constitute clues to the whole geology of an area. A study has been made of the largest available assemblage of data from 161 wells for the Island of Montreal collected by the Geological Survey of Canada in 1951–53. Data indicated that the system is generally subartesian, flowing from the principal topographically high areas towards the shores of the Island. As the probable use is about 13% of the estimated recharge of 140 million liters per day, most wells could be supplied by local recharge. The study has confirmed the predominance of calcium bicarbonate ground water from the carbonate sequence. The waters appeared to be saturated with respect to CaCO₃ in all but 10 wells. The presence of other types of waters suggests the effects of the igneous intrusions of the area, the post-glacial marine submergence and the upward movement of waters from deep sources through fault and other structural zones. Confirmation of the significant variations in chemical composition in some neighboring wells indicated the future need for repetitive sampling from specific horizons for chemical and isotopic analyses.     

Negotiating in the absence of trust: exploring the interactions between officials and residents in a waste management project in Copacabana,Bolivia

This study investigates the effects of the absence of trust in shaping relationships between officers and managers in Copacabana, Bolivia, particularly regarding the construction of a sanitary landfill for the city. The article builds on an abductive thematic analysis of observation and interview data. The data suggest that prior negative experiences and the absence of shared values are common arguments used by the residents to negotiate the conditions of public programme implementation. The study is inspired by the literature identifying the specific components of trust and the literature on lack of trust and distrust as it highlights the positive effects of scepticism. I conclude that a climate in which trust is absent leads residents to counter the risks involved in accepting the project. These findings can be used to revise and refine the well-established thesis that lack of trust leads to rejection.     

海洋石油开发中含油污水处理与溢油防治技术

海洋石油工业清洁生产的关键是防止油污染,而油污染的主要来源是日常排放的含油污水中的油及事故性溢油。首先概述了海上含油污水的处理方法及其原理,并结合实际论述了主要采用的处理工艺,并分析了各工艺技术的处理效果和存在的问题。文章还叙述了海上溢油事故及防止溢油事故发生所应采取的多方位预防措施;建立管理体系,加强管理,通过培训来提高全员操作管理水平,建立溢油处置应急计划和组织系统。在溢油控制方面建立海上溢油漂移模拟程序,对溢油进行实时监控,并对采用的溢油处理装置及方法进行了评述