废铅酸蓄电池再利用通过评价

<正>近日,再生资源联盟对外责任主体单位中国有色金属工业协会在北京组织召开了"废铅酸蓄电池再生利用技术及集成装备"科技成果评价会,该项科技成果由再生资源联盟成员单位株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司和华南师范大学联合研发。评价专家组审阅了该项科技成果相关材料,认真听取了项目组的专题汇报,并观看了该项成果产业化生产线视频。     

水电及水库项目环境影响后评价研究

探讨了环境影响后评价的定义、必要性、相关法律依据、分类和评价重点,提出了环境影响后评价选择的原则。通过对水电和水库项目环境影响后评价的选择、难点和起步,后评价重点及其与环评和验收的区别等内容的深入研究,提出了该类项目环境影响后评价选择的若干依据和评价重点内容。     

炉法炭黑清洁生产评价指标设置探析

根据清洁生产指标选定原则并结合有关文献数据资料,针对当今通用的炉法炭黑生产工艺,从生产工艺与装备、资源能源利用、产品、污染物产生及回收和环境管理等方面,提出了清洁生产评价指标设置的基本思路和建议。     

中国瑞林电子废物与多金属固废协同处置关键技术被评价为国际领先水平

正近日,中国有色金属工业协会在江西省南昌市组织召开"电子废物与多金属固废协同处置关键技术及装备开发与应用整体技术"科技成果评价会。3位中国工程院院士及中国有色金属工业协会、中国再生资源产业技术创新战略联盟、武汉科技大学、中南大学、北京科技大学等单位知名专家组成评价专家组。经过现场考察成果示范线、听取专题汇报以及质询答疑等环节,评价专家组充     

废印刷线路板中非金属材料再生利用进展

电子废弃物具有资源性和污染性的双重属性。废印刷线路板(WPCB)中的各类聚合物和玻璃纤维等非金属材料约占其总量的70%,是废旧家电拆解回收和其他电子废弃物处理处置过程中最难以高值化清洁利用的材料。对WPCB中金属与非金属材料的分离工艺、非金属材料的再生利用现状以及非金属材料再生利用过程中二次污染的减控进行综合评述。     

《环保装备“十二五”发展规划》发布

工业和信息化部2012年3月2日公布了《环保装备“十二五”发展规划》,支持和鼓励研发大气污染治理装备、水污染治理装备、固体废物处理装备、资源综合利用装备、环境监测专用仪器仪表、环境污染治理配套材料和药剂以及环境应急装备等7大类96项产品和技术。     

我国废钢加工装备发展现状与展望

以绿色经济和循环经济的重大需求为背景,系统阐述了废钢加工装备的现状与发展,详细介绍了废钢加工装备的种类与用途,分析并总结了废钢加工装备的应用现状,指出了废钢加工装备以及废钢加工行业的发展方向。     

风力发电环境评价及主要评价因子研究

分析比较了国内外对风力发电项目的环境评价要求和实例,归纳提出了我国风力发电项目环评的总体要求,以及生态、噪声、电磁辐射等主要评价因子。     

ESG视域下的生态文明评价体系优化研究

我国相继出台了一系列与生态文明相关的评价指标体系,但随着经济社会的发展,如何科学完善相关指标仍是一个重要议题.通过总结生态文明评价体系的发展历程,以ESG评价体系为参照,分析了我国生态文明评价体系的不足之处,提出了我国生态文明评价体系的优化建议.     

我国电子废弃物的回收处理现状和管理对策

电子废弃物因其高速增长性、潜在污染性和资源性受到各国的广泛关注.我国由于对电子废弃物缺乏健全的回收体系和有效的监管,导致严重的环境污染和资源浪费.针对这一问题,论述了我国电子废弃物的来源、流向、处理处置和管理现状,借鉴国外生产者责任延伸制(EPR)的实践,从政府、生产者和消费者的责任分担角度.提出了适合我国国情的EPR体系.     

Demonstration and evaluation of commercial and municipal equipment for urban biological decontamination

Large-scale biological contamination incidents pose unique yet significant challenges to remediation operations. Previous incidents have demonstrated the utility of readily available commercial and municipal equipment for conducting remediation tasks. Preidentification and evaluation of such equipment could reduce lag time for response initiation and enhance overall response effectiveness and efficiency. The current study aimed to identify commercial and municipal equipment that could be beneficial in wide-area biological remediation operations. Equipment were identified by market research, their utility was assessed by a group of subject matter experts, and a subset of those equipment was observed under operational conditions in a realistic urban environment. Observations and feedback from demonstration participants are presented within the article. This information is intended to support rapid decision-making following large-scale biological incidents, broaden the universe of potentially useful equipment to support the response, enhance response operations, and reduce the impact on the public.     

Effects of equipment loadings on geosynthetic-lined slope behaviour.

When combined in the lining and covering of waste-containment facilities, soil and geosynthetic components protect the environment by acting as a hydraulic barrier. Equipment loading may significantly increase the tensile stress induced in geosynthetic components, leading to a potential stability problem. Large equipment loadings may also result in a localized circular slip surface during construction operations. New analytical method based on discrete element modelling is proposed for estimating the distribution of tensile force developed in the individual geosynthetic components of the lining system and for evaluating the safety factor of slope failure due to equipment loading. The analytical results of an example are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the analytical method for the lining system of a waste landfill. The analyses of the example show that equipment loading provide a substantial increase in the tensile forces of the geosynthetic components of a lining system and that the possibility of shallow failure due to equipment loading increases as the slope becomes steeper. This method is a useful tool for analysing the lining system of waste landfills with complex lining components.     

精对苯二甲酸生产企业挥发性有机物泄漏检测与排放估算

采用泄漏检测与修复(LDAR)技术分析了某精对苯二甲酸生产装置动静密封点的泄漏情况,共完成1 367个密封点的现场LDAR检测,测出28个泄漏点,总泄漏检出率为2.05%。其中储存单元的泄漏点数量较氧化单元和精制单元高,泄漏程度也较严重。泄漏点主要集中在法兰、开口管线和泵三类密封点;涉及轻液的泄漏密封点数量较多。依据LDAR检测结果,采用相关方程法估算设备动静密封点泄漏产生的挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放量约为4.999 t/a。法兰的VOCs泄漏排放量最大,约占63.89%,其次是泵和采样连接系统,占泄漏排放量的20.78%和7.89%。     

湿法脱硫石膏脱水系统设备配置及优化

石膏脱水系统作为FGD的重要辅助系统,对于吸收塔运行指标、荣液条件、物料平衡、经济运行、副产物综合利用都有重要作用。介绍了湿法脱硫石膏一、二级脱水系统的流程和设备特点,着重分析研究了系统中一级脱水设备、皮带机冲洗系统、滤液水系统、废水旋流设备等的配置、选型和优化方案。     

Decision support system for the optimal location of electrical and electronic waste treatment plants: A case study in Greece

Environmentally sound end-of-life management of Electrical and Electronic Equipment has been realised as a top priority issue internationally, both due to the waste stream’s continuously increasing quantities, as well as its content in valuable and also hazardous materials. In an effort to manage Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), adequate infrastructure in treatment and recycling facilities is considered a prerequisite. A critical number of such plants are mandatory to be installed in order: (i) to accommodate legislative needs, (ii) decrease transportation cost, and (iii) expand reverse logistics network and cover more areas. However, WEEE recycling infrastructures require high expenditures and therefore the decision maker need to be most precautious. In this context, special care should be given on the viability of infrastructure which is heavily dependent on facilities’ location. To this end, a methodology aiming towards optimal location of Units of Treatment and Recycling is developed, taking into consideration economical together with social criteria, in an effort to interlace local acceptance and financial viability. For the decision support system’s needs, ELECTRE III is adopted as a multicriteria analysis technique. The methodology’s applicability is demonstrated with a real-world case study in Greece.     

Destruction of PAHS from soil by using pressurized hot water extraction coupled with supercritical water oxidation

Chemical processes utilizing water both as extraction solvent and reaction medium are promising "Green Chemistry" alternatives to conventional techniques. Equipment for on-line coupled hot water extraction and supercritical water oxidation was constructed to extract polyaromatic hydrocarbons and toluene from sea sand followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide. The effectiveness of the technique is based on the physico-chemical properties of heated and pressurized water. Extraction efficiency increased with temperature and time; the best results were obtained at 300 degrees C with 40 min extraction time. In the oxidation stage, conversion of the PAHs increased with reaction time and oxidant concentration and the best conversion (97.0-99.9%, depending on the compound) was obtained at 425 degrees C with 43 s reaction time. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid were the most abundant reaction intermediates in the oxidation process. In addition, phenol, p-cresol, and benzyl alcohol were found as intermediates. The intermediates originated mainly from toluene, which was present in much greater concentration than PAHs in the reaction medium.     

Report: recycling of flame-retarded plastics from waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE).

Shredder residues produced in plants processing waste electric and electronic equipment are excluded from material recycling due to a variety of polymeric materials and the presence of brominated flame retardants (BFR), which might contain banned polybrominated diphenyl ethers or toxic polybrominated dioxins and furans (PBDD/F). Herein we present a technological approach to transfer a significant portion of the shredder residue into recycled polymers. The technological approach consists of a density-based enrichment of styrenics, which are subjected to a solvolysis process (CreaSolv process) in a second stage. This stage allows the elimination of non-target polymers and extraction of BFR and PBDD/F. Pilot processing of 11.5 and 50 kg shredder residues indicated a material yield of about 50% in the density stage and 70-80% in the CreaSolv process, and an effective removal of BFR additives. The recycled products were proved to comply with threshold values defined by the European directive on the restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) and the German Chemikalienverbotsverordnung. Mechanical material properties exhibited high tensile and flexural modules as well as slight impact strength, which qualify the products for applications in new electronic equipment.     

Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic study on pyrolysis of representative medical waste composition

To obtain detailed information on the pyrolysis characteristics, a thermogravimetric study on the pyrolysis of 14 typical medical waste compositions was carried out in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) equipment using dynamic techniques in a stream of N(2). An index representing pyrolysis reactivity of waste was presented. Kinetic parameters were obtained by Coats-Redfern method and used to model the TG curve. The results showed that: (a) Plastic, protein, cellulosic material, synthetic fibre, and rubber entered pyrolysis process in succession. (b) There was one decomposition stage in the pyrolysis of one-off medical glove, operating glove, cellulosic waste, absorbable catgut suture and adhesive plaster, while other components had two obvious weight loss stages. (c) The obtained apparent activation energy for second stage pyrolysis was comparably higher than that for first stage. (d) Each stage was controlled by only one kinetic mechanism, in which kinetic parameters were constant. (e) The degradation kinetics of medical waste may be affected by special physical and chemical treatment in the product manufacturing process. (f) Among 13 waste samples, the pyrolysis index of cellulosic matter was the highest, which indicated cellulosic matter had strong pyrolysis reactivity. (g) With increasing heating rate, TG curve and DTG peak shifted to high temperatures and main reaction interval of the sample became longer.     

A novel object detection method to facilitate the recycling of waste small electrical and electronic equipment

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Whether Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) can be effectively sorted and recycled will affect the sustainable development of human...