共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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江西珍稀濒危植物资源与保护 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
经调查统计,江西分布有国家第一批珍稀濒危保护植物74种,比《中国珍稀濒危植物》记载本省的种类(48种)增加了26种。本文论述了本省珍稀植物濒危的原因和我省自然保护的实际情况,提出了保护、发展和合理利用珍稀濒危植物资源的意见。 相似文献
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本文在野外调查基础上,阐述了浙江珍稀濒危药用植物的现状,参照袁昌齐等评价标准、国家重点保护等级划分和Iames植物种优先考虑保护的图解公式,开展了浙江药用植物珍稀濒危程度的定怀、定量评价和保护的等级划分研究,提出了地区性珍稀濒危植物的保护对策。 相似文献
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广西喀斯特岩溶石山面积占全区总面积的33.3%,森林植被的严重破坏是这些地区贫困落后的主要原因。对广西喀斯特地区的综合治理开发,要重视对森林植被及珍稀濒危植物的保护。该区至少有290种石山植物为珍稀濒危植物,它们中许多有重要经济用途,在保护的基础上,引种发展一些种类是山区脱贫致富的一条途径。 相似文献
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黄山植物资源的永续利用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
黄山是一座驰名中外的旅游名山,被联合国列入世界文化和自然遗产.黄山的生物资源十分丰富,有高等植物222科827属1800余种,其中中国特有属种植物22个、珍稀濒危及国家保护植物25种、以黄山命名的植物8种、以黄山称谓的植物20余种以及众多的古树名木.对黄山生物资源的永续利用提出了几点建议. 相似文献
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一九八四年十月,我国公布了第一批《中国珍稀濒危保护植物名录》,共389种,其中一级8种、二级159种、三级222种。分布在新疆境内的共有二级6种,三级17种。保护植物中有濒危种、渐危种、稀有种,均需采取相应措施 相似文献
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The Indian desert, the Thar Desert, has its own importance and specific characteristics with respect to endemic and medicinal plants. Forty-five plant species are considered to be rare and/or endangered. The desert has a large number of plants of economic importance and medicinal use. The Thar Desert is thickly populated in comparison to other hot deserts of the world. 17.44 million people and 23.33 million livestock are recorded from the region. These populations exert pressure on the biological resources of the Thar Desert causing a lack of sustainability and necessitate conservation of biodiversity actions. 相似文献
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特、稀、濒危植物的数量与特征研究是自然资源保护的主要环节。本文根据它们的保护等级、分布局限性、稀有值、物种吸引力、保护指数以及理论研究值6个标准,对江苏15种国家级保护植物、24种省级保护植物的生态学意义作出初步评价。 相似文献
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James A. Kushlan 《Environmental management》1988,12(6):777-790
The American crocodile is a rare and endangered species, the range of which has contracted to disjunct locations such as Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cuba, Panama, and southern Florida. In an attempt to determine what factors might be limiting population growth, an extensive collaborative research program was conducted in 1978–82 in southern Florida. Limiting factors explicitly studied included climate, hurricanes, population dispersion, nesting habitat, fertility, predation, nest chamber environment, juvenile survivorship, artificial mortality, disturbance, and environmental contamination. No single natural factor limits the population, although in concert various factors result in low adult recruitment rates. Such natural limitations explain the natural rarity of this tropical species at the temperate limits of its range. Two artificial sources of mortality are death of adults on roads and the flooding of nests by high groundwater tables. These sources of mortality are potentially controllable by the appropriate management agencies. Active management, by such means as protection of individuals, habitat preservation and enhancement, nest site protection, and captive breeding, is also appropriate for assuring the survival of a rare species. The American crocodile has survived in southern Florida in face of extensive human occupancy of parts of its former nesting habitat, demonstrating the resilience of a threatened species. This case history illustrates the efficacy of conducting research aimed at testing specific management hypotheses, the importance of considering biographical constraints limiting population status in peripheral populations, the need for active management of rare species, and the role of multiple reserves in a conservation and management strategy. 相似文献
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川西北地区位于青藏高原东南部,现有两栖爬行动物67种(亚种),其中两栖类28种,爬行类39种;珍稀、濒危种约占22.4%,经济意义大、有利用价值的种占29.8%,经济意义一般的种占47.8%。这些动物在科研、工艺、药用、维护生态平衡等方面均有一定意义。本文对这些动物的利用现状作了评价,并对资源保护提出5点建议。 相似文献
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/ Adaptive ecosystem management seeks to sustain ecosystems while extracting or using natural resources. The goal of endangered species management under the Endangered Species Act is limited to the protection and recovery of designated species, and the act takes precedence over other policies and regulations guiding ecosystem management. We present an example of conflict between endangered species and ecosystem management during the first planned flood on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon in 1996. We discuss the resolution of the conflict and the circumstances that allowed a solution to be reached. We recommend that adaptive management be implemented extensively and early in ecosystem management so that information and working relationships will be available to address conflicts as they arise. Though adaptive management is not a panacea, it offers the best opportunity for balanced solutions to competing management goals. 相似文献
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Population viability analysis as a tool in wildlife conservation policy: With reference to Australia
David B. Lindenmayer Tim W. Clark Robert C. Lacy Virginia C. Thomas 《Environmental management》1993,17(6):745-758
Wildlife conservation policy for endangered species restoration follows a six-phase process. Population viability analysis
(PVA) can play a major contributing role in four of these. PVA, as discussed here, is a technique where extinction vulnerabilities
of small populations are estimated using computer simulation modeling. The benefits and limitations of using PVA in wildlife
decision and policy processes are reviewed based on our direct experience. PVA permits decision makers to set time frames
for management, estimate the required magnitude of restoration efforts, identify quantitative targets for species recovery,
and select, implement, monitor, and evaluate management strategies. PVA is of greatest value for rare species policy and management.
However, a limitation of PVA simulation models is that they are constrained by the amount of biological data available, and
such data are difficult to obtain from small populations that are at immediate risk of extinction. These problems may be overcome
with improved models and more data. Our experience shows benefits of PVA far outweigh its limitations, and applications of
the approach are most useful when integrated with decision analysis and completed within an adaptive management philosophy.
PVAs have been carried out for 14 Victorian species and less used elsewhere in Australia. Management and recovery plans are
developed from these PVAs. We recommend that PVA be used to guide research programs, develop conservation strategies, and
inform decision and policy making for both endangered and nonendangered species because it can significantly improve many
aspects of natural resource policy and management. 相似文献
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Helen Mills Poulos Rachael S. Freeman Jennifer M. Karberg Karen C. Beattie Danielle I. ODell Kelly A. Omand 《Environmental management》2020,65(1):111-121
Coastal sandplains provide habitat for a suite of rare and endangered plant and wildlife species in the northeastern United States. These early successional plant communities were maintained by natural and anthropogenic disturbances including salt spray, fire, and livestock grazing, but over the last 150 years, a decrease in anthropogenic disturbance frequency and intensity has resulted in a shift towards woody shrub dominance at the expense of herbaceous taxa. This study quantified the effects of more than a decade of dormant season disturbance-based vegetation management (mowing and prescribed fire) on coastal sandplain plant community composition on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, USA. We used time-series plant cover data from two similar sites to evaluate the effectiveness of disturbance management for restoring herbaceous species cover and reducing woody shrub dominance. Our results indicate that applying management outside of the peak of the growing season has not been effective in maintaining or increasing the cover of herbaceous species. While management activities resulted in significant (P < 0.01) increases in herbaceous species immediately after treatment, woody species recolonized and dominated treated sites within 3-years post treatment at the expense of graminoids and forbs. These results highlight the difficulties associated with directing ecological succession using disturbance-based management to maintain rare, herbaceous species in coastal sandplain systems that were once a prevalent landscape component under historically chronic anthropogenic disturbance. Further experimentation with growing season disturbance-based management and different combinations of management techniques could provide insights into management alternatives for maintaining herbaceous conservation targets in coastal sandplains. 相似文献