我国医疗废物处理处置技术发展与创新

文章详细分析了医疗废物处理处置管理要求和技术现状,确定了焚烧处置和消毒处理的行业主导地位,并分别对两类技术中代表性技术的原理、适用性和特点进行了对比分析。在此基础上,对医疗废物处理处置创新技术进行了探索,确定了创新技术的三种分类,包括原理创新型、应用创新型和集成创新型技术,并对每一类别典型技术进行了详细阐述。最后,基于当前我国的标准政策要求,为创新技术的应用推广提出了建议。     

碳捕捉与碳封存技术的发展现状与前景

对碳捕捉和碳封存的相关技术进行了介绍,对碳捕捉与碳封存技术进行了可行性分析,论证了碳捕捉与碳封存技术的必要性。     

航天器冲击响应谱试验模拟方法概述

文章介绍了航天器冲击谱模拟试验技术的发展过程,对目前国内外应用较广的各类冲击试验方法进行了整理和分类,从典型脉冲模拟技术,振动试验系统模拟技术,机械碰撞模拟技术和火工品装置模拟技术四个主要方面,对各类冲击技术的特点及实现方式进行了着重的分析。通过对各方法的优缺点和适用范围进行比较,给经受不同冲击环境的航天器进行试验方法选择时提供了参考。     

光助氧化技术在水处理中应用

对UV／H2O2技术、UV／O3技术、UV／O3／H2O2技术、photo—Fenton技术以及UV／TiO2技术进行了总结,对不同技术的原理、研究进展及应用进行了评述,并对今后光助氧化技术的研究方向提出了一些建议。     

基于DEA的煤炭企业效率评价

运用DEA方法对我国23家煤炭企业的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率进行了分析评价。经过对DEA的结果进行分析发现,我国煤炭企业普遍存在技术效率低、纯技术效率水平低而规模效率水平较高、生产集中度与技术效率相对较低。以DEA所得到的结果为基础,对我国煤炭企业存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了建议。     

臭味去除技术进展与分析

臭味问题作为日益严重的环境问题,越来越受到人们的重视,臭味控制和去除技术还有许多工作需要开展。本文先介绍了臭味的成因,然后对当前主流的除臭技术进展(物理除臭,化学除臭,生物除臭)进行了综述,重点分析介绍了生物除臭中的土壤除臭技术。文章最后对各种除臭技术进行了比较,并对未来的除臭技术进行了分析和展望。     

乌鲁木齐市餐厨垃圾资源化处理处置探讨

本文介绍了餐厨垃圾的概念及乌鲁木齐餐厨垃圾的主要来源,对目前国内外餐厨垃圾资源化处理技术进行了探讨,介绍了饲料化技术、肥料化处理技术、生物厌氧发酵处理技术以及生物柴油技术,分析了各种技术存在的优缺点,并对国内外处理处置现状进行综述,对乌鲁木齐市餐厨垃圾处理工作进行了展望和探讨.     

吉林油田固体废物一体化处理技术探讨

总结吉林油田的废钻井液及岩屑、油泥油土、粉煤灰和压裂返排液等废物的产生量、危害及处理技术现状,对各油田的处理技术进行评价,结合吉林油田固体废物处理的特点确定了一体化处理技术研究思路及技术研究重点,对目前一体化技术研究进展进行了分析总结,并对下一步一体化技术研究重点与应用前景进行了展望。     

脱硝工艺的技术比较

对包括SCR和SNCR在内的各种脱硝技术进行了比较,分析了各种脱硝方法的使用条件和特点,同时对未来脱硝技术的发展进行了预估,得出了优先选择SCR和SNCR,并发展各种脱硝技术的结论,为脱硝技术的选择与使用提供了技术参考。     

河道疏浚底泥脱水技术及工艺优化研究进展

底泥脱水是底泥实现后续处置的最重要一环。归纳总结了目前底泥脱水技术研究现状,对常用的底泥脱水技术、底泥脱水调理剂进行了调研,并对底泥脱水设备的工艺优化进行了总结,发现目前单一的底泥脱水技术均有一定的缺陷。建议在对单一技术进行优化的同时,开发其他辅助高效低耗的新型底泥脱水技术。以期为底泥脱水技术在我国的发展和研究工作提供有效借鉴。     

Toxicity identification and high-efficiency treatment of aging chemical industrial wastewater from the Hangu Reservoir, China

The Hangu Reservoir, located in Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China, receives mixed wastewater from a chemical industrial park. The aging chemical industrial wastewater is less biodegradable and contains complex hazardous substances, thus having an adverse effect on local ecological service function of the reservoir and on local economic and social development. In this study, key toxicants in the aging chemical industrial wastewater from the Hangu Reservoir were systematically identified by the toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs), and the treatment efficiency of the aging chemical industrial wastewater was examined and optimized by a municipal wastewater treatment process simulated in a laboratory. According to the TIE results using and wheat seeds as tested organisms, Cl, Cu, Pb, and Zn were identified as key toxicants in the aging chemical industrial wastewater, with concentrations of 7349.11, 0.01, 0.07, and 0.07 mg L, respectively, which were confirmed by subsequent spiking approaches. Based on the TIE results, the aging chemical industrial wastewater could be classified as high-salinity wastewater. The co-treatment of the aging chemical industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater may be an effective and low-cost method. The treatment efficiency of the mixed wastewater increased with an increase in the volume ratio of municipal wastewater to aging chemical industrial wastewater. When the volume ratio was 10:1, the best removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, total N, and total P were up to 85.1, 89.3, and 96.5%, respectively, whereas the toxicity unit of the treated wastewater was reduced to 0.50.     

复合式厌氧污泥床反应器处理城市生活污水的研究

复合式厌氧污泥床反应器是一种改进的厌氧处理工艺，可有效去除城市生活污水中的污染物，并提高了污水的可生化性，是一种较为理想的城市污水强化一级处理工艺。本文对该工艺，装置的特点和效果进行分析,并展望其应用前景。     

Characterization of municipal and dairy wastewaters with 30 quality parameters and potential wastewater treatment by biological trickling filters

This study aimed to characterize raw municipal and dairy wastewaters. The quality of the collected wastewaters was determined by measuring 30 quality parameters, such as phenols, oxidation-reduction potential, oil and grease, total organic carbon (TOC), manganese, total viable count of bacteria (TVC), salinity, and biodegradability. Results were compared with wastewater disposal standards. This study also aimed to describe the potential application and performance of biological trickling filters (BTFs) in municipal and dairy wastewater treatment. Detailed reviews of trickling filter models were explained. Results revealed that two wastewater samples exceeded standard limits. The raw municipal and dairy wastewaters need treatment prior to disposal to the natural environment. Additionally, BTFs are efficient municipal and dairy wastewater treatments.     

关于城市水“分流”的设想

淡水是人类赖以生存的资源,淡水的短缺已成为制约经济发展的重要因素之一,并危及人类的生存。解决淡水危机,加强淡水资源利用和管理已刻不容缓。对城市进行分流供水,对产生的废水进行分流回收处理,是实现淡水资源的持续利用,满足城市用水需要的新思路     

水再生回用的研究进展与对策

本文对城市生活污水和工业生产废水的再生回用技术进行了比较全面系统的评述，将物理化学方法和生物方法进行了对比介绍；对水再生回用技术的发展趋势进行了展望，提出了水再生回用的发展对策。     

A modified anaerobic baffled reactor for municipal wastewater treatment

A nine-chambered modified anaerobic baffled reactor (MABR) was developed to evaluate its suitability for the treatment of municipal wastewater and to establish the understanding of the relationship between reactor design and operational parameters. The paper presents the configuration of the MABR, its start-up, effect of variation of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on treatment efficiency, and performance evaluation of the MABR while treating the municipal wastewater. To assess the self-inoculation potential of the MABR, the start-up was carried out without seed sludge at a HRT of 6 d.     

POTENTIALS FOR REUSE OF WASTEWATER IN NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS1

ABSTRACT There are several possible ways in which wastewater from municipalities may be reclaimed and reused so as to minimize the need for imported water in North Central Texas. The rationale for reuse is enhanced by the fact that new water quality requirements in the Trinity River system will necessitate a very high degree of treatment at municipal sewage plants, just for discharge to surface streams. The largest potential market for municipal effluent is the steam-electric power industry. Within the next decade the generating capacity for electric power in North Central Texas will have to be more than doubled to meet increasing demand. Adequate supplies of condenser cooling water for such expansion will be difficult to obtain and assure. New large power stations might advantageously be located adjacent to municipal wastewater treatment plants, to utilize effluent as make-up water for cooling towers. Experience elsewhere has shown that well-treated wastewater can be used for cooling tower make-up with a minimum of trouble, with a considerable saving in overall cost, and with conservation of pristine water for other uses.     

Public consultation on artificial aquifer recharge using treated municipal wastewater

A questionnaire was prepared and distributed among professionals from various fields, in an effort to gather public perception regarding recharge of groundwater using treated municipal wastewater. This was done as part of a study to assess the feasibility of implementing Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) using treated municipal wastewater in parts of central India. This paper presents the perception of people toward artificial recharge and determines the primary concerns among members of the public, so that these can be addressed while carrying out pilot studies. This is the first such public survey that has been carried out in India.The questionnaire was sent to approximately 500 people through e-mail and was uploaded on a popular online portal that deals with water and sanitation issues. 194 correctly filled questionnaires were collected, the results of which are presented in this paper. 87 (45%) questionnaires were filled by environmental professionals including members of the research community, teachers and public health and municipal corporation officials. The rest were filled by members of the general public, including 15 students and 48 non-environmental professionals. Out of 194 respondents, 64.4% were in favor of using treated municipal wastewater for artificial recharge of groundwater, 28.4% opposed and 7.2% remained indifferent.This survey revealed that the primary concern among respondents was the effectiveness of wastewater treatment in India, and not the recharge technique itself. More than 50% of those who support SAT expressed uncertainty as to whether secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants is being treated to a quality suitable for injecting into the aquifer.     

高负荷活性污泥法应用于中小城市污水处理的研究

针对目前二级城市污水处理厂工程投资高、运行费用高的特点，提出适合中小城市污水处理的工艺——高负荷活性污泥法（HAS）。该工艺不设初次沉淀池，负荷高，泥龄短，污泥沉降性能良好，不存在污泥膨胀，对有机物的去除以絮凝、吸附、沉淀作用为主，对COD、BOD，、SS都有较高的去除效果，对氮、磷有一定的去除作用，出水水质可满足《农田灌溉水质标准》的要求。     

黄药废水处理的研究现状及展望

黄药是浮选金属硫化矿物应用最广、最有效的捕收剂,但其在选矿废水中的残留会对环境造成严重污染。黄药废水净化排放及回水利用不仅对环境有利,且符合选厂经济利益。本文主要介绍了近年来常用的黄药废水净化处理方法,并对未来黄药废水处理方向进行了展望,以其对黄药选矿废水的治理提供一定的参考价值。