共查询到12条相似文献,搜索用时 690 毫秒
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为分析苏州轨道交通1号线的开通运行对线路周边的振动环境产生的影响,采用高灵敏度加速度传感器,测试了各种工况下特征断面的地面振动响应。在时域和频域内,比较分析了列车速度、轨道埋深、距离及周边环境对轨道交通引起的地面振动的影响。结果表明,列车通过时传递到地面振动能量主要集中在50~80Hz,在1/3倍频程分析中,63Hz频段的振动最为明显;随着测点距轨道中心线距离的增加,列车通过引起的地面振动逐渐衰减,本次测试中,不同工况的测量断面下,地面振动平均振级均低于《城市区域环境振动标准》(GB 10070—88)规定的限值。 相似文献
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负载对实际道路重型柴油车排放的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用车载测试系统对重型柴油货车空载、50%负载和100%负载不同负载情况下在实际道路的排放进行测试,基于测试数据分析负载对重型柴油货车排放CO、HC、NOx和微小颗粒物(PM)等4种污染物的影响.不同速度区间和行驶模式下负载对排放的影响分析表明,在有负载时,大多数工况下4种污染物排放呈现增加趋势,但各速度区间和行驶模式下的增幅不尽相同,部分工况出现下降.空载时测试柴油车基于新欧洲行驶循环测试(NEDC)工况的标准化CO、HC、NOx和PM排放因子分别为3.38、0.39、6.27、0.39 g/km.对于柴油车重点污染物NOx和PM而言,与空载相比,50%负载时分别增加43%和59%,100%负载时分别增加62%和44%. 相似文献
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在用轻型汽油车排放随行驶里程劣化规律分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于佛山市3.5万条简易稳态工况(ASM)下的尾气排放检测数据,通过分类统计和线性拟合方法分析在用轻型汽油车的污染物排放浓度随行驶里程的劣化规律。分析结果表明,该地区轻型汽油车污染物排放浓度主要分布于低值区间,超过85%的样本数据低于最低排放限值;车辆排放劣化特征随行驶里程呈规律性变化,行驶里程在0~5万km时污染物排放缓慢增长,5万~16万km时呈快速线性增长,16万km后震荡缓慢增长;行驶里程在16万km前,不同车型的排放特征存在一定差异,其中轻型货车和轻型客车的排放浓度高、劣化速度快;CO、HC、NO随行驶里程的劣化规律可用线性增长模型表示。本研究结论可为预测机动车污染变化趋势、完善在用车检查/维护制度、高排放车辆识别和淘汰等方面提供理论支持。 相似文献
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随着煤烟型大气污染的不断解决,恶臭污染逐渐的引起人们的重视.本文根据沈阳市铁西区具有各种典型的恶臭源和恶臭污染特征的实际情况,采用调查与感官测试和仪器分析相结合的方式,对铁西区的恶臭污染和各种恶臭源进行了分析、分类与评价.由于沈阳市铁西区具有我国北方工业城市的典型特点,所以本文所叙述的内容对于评价我国北方工业城市的恶臭污染会有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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为获得NO_x的排放特征,利用便携式排放测试系统(PEMS)对7艘京杭运河中航行的内河船舶进行了实际工况下的排放测试。测量结果表明:进、离港工况下NO和NO_2的浓度波动明显,而在巡航工况下NO浓度保持稳定且处于较高的排放水平。巡航工况下NO的基于时间的平均排放因子分别是进港和离港工况排放因子的3.22倍和1.74倍。而NO_2离港工况下的平均排放因子分别是巡航工况和进港工况下的平均排放因子1.18倍和1.96倍。受到航行距离的影响,进港工况下NO和NO_2基于距离的平均排放因子高于其他2个工况下的排放因子。当发动机处于高转速时,NO的排放因子最高,而NO_2则在中转速下的排放因子最高。 相似文献
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Modeling vehicle emissions in different types of Chinese cities: importance of vehicle fleet and local features 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Huo H Zhang Q He K Yao Z Wang X Zheng B Streets DG Wang Q Ding Y 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(10):2954-2960
We propose a method to simulate vehicle emissions in Chinese cities of different sizes and development stages. Twenty two cities are examined in this study. The target year is 2007. Among the cities, the vehicle emission factors were remarkably different (the highest is 50-90% higher than the lowest) owing to their distinct local features and vehicle technology levels, and the major contributors to total vehicle emissions were also different. A substantial increase in vehicle emissions is foreseeable unless stronger measures are implemented because the benefit of current policies can be quickly offset by the vehicle growth. Major efforts should be focused on all cities, especially developing cities where the requirements are lenient. This work aims a better understanding of vehicle emissions in all types of Chinese cities. The proposed method could benefit national emission inventory studies in improving accuracy and help in designing national and local policies for vehicle emission control. 相似文献
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Georgios Karavalakis Dimitrios Ampatzoglou Stamoulis Stournas Evangelos Bakeas 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1584-1594
This study explores the impact of five different types of methyl esters on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), nitrated-PAH and oxygenated PAH emissions. The measurements were conducted on a chassis dynamometer, according to the European regulation. Each of the five different biodiesels was blended with EN590 diesel at a proportion of 10-90% v/v (10% biodiesel concentration). The vehicle was a Euro 3 compliant common-rail diesel passenger car. Emission measurements were performed over the NEDC and compared with those of the real traffic-based Artemis driving cycles. The experimental results showed that the addition of biodiesel led to some important increases in low molecular-weight PAHs (phenanthrene and anthracene) and to both increases and reductions in large PAHs which are characterised by their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Nitro-PAHs were found to reduce with biodiesel whereas oxy-PAH emissions presented important increases with the biodiesel blends. The impact of biodiesel source material was particularly clear on the formation of PAH compounds. It was found that most PAH emissions decreased as the average load and speed of the driving cycle increased. Cold-start conditions negatively influenced the formation of most PAH compounds. A similar trend was observed with particulate alkane emissions. 相似文献