缤纷资讯

英国大力发展清洁能源发电英国政府计划以高于目前市场价的价格对太阳能发电进行支付,促进节能减排,此举可能促使太阳能发电者获利超过传统水平的10倍。4月1     

国际资讯

英国大力发展清洁能源发电 英国政府计划以高于目前市场价的价格对太阳能发电进行支付，促进节能减排，此举可能促使太阳能发电者获利超过传统水平的10倍。4月1日开始，政府对太阳能电力实行高价支付补贴，发电商每千瓦时可盈利0．41英镑，而到2011年3月，太阳能单度电力成本能降至0．039英镑。英国计划到2020年，将可再生能源发电占总电量的比例从目前的5．5％增加到30％。     

扬州市农业节能减排的潜力分析

本文结合扬州市农业生产的实际，重点从化肥投入量的控减、农作物秸秆和畜禽粪便的资源化再利用等三个方面，分析扬州市农业节能减排的潜力。结果表明，扬州市农业节能减排的潜力巨大，只要完善相应的节能减排措施，通过农业生产节能和农业生产废弃物的能源化利用，每年可产生330万t煤炭的节能效益。据此，提出了推进扬州市农业节能减排的对策。     

安徽淮南平圩发电有限责任公司获得“节能减排突出贡献企业”荣誉

本刊讯近日,"2013低碳中国暨节能减排突出贡献企业、突出贡献企业家"推选活动的获奖名单公布,安徽淮南平圩发电有限责任公司榜上有名,被评为"节能减排突出贡献企业",公司总经理黄晨荣获"节能减排突出贡献企业家"荣誉。"2013低碳中国暨节能减排突出贡献企业、突出贡献企业家"推选活动由《环境教育》杂志社主办,旨在通过媒体的宣传和舆论监督彰显2013年度企业、企业家在节能减排工作中的突出成绩。     

天然气集输系统节能减排措施研究与实施

以丘东采油厂为例,从能源消耗结构、管理和技术三个方面,对天然气集输过程中能源消耗情况及清洁生产方案措施实施效果进行分析,确定影响节能减排的关键因素;通过节能减排技术的应用,采取节能管理措施,降低能源消耗,减少污染物排放,取得一定的效果。     

中央空调节能减排技术改造——实例探析

通过实施中央空调系统全方位节能减排技术，优化电网安全用电，节省电费开支，减少建设成本。不仅可收到可观的经济效益，而且能取得良好的社会效益，是我国建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的必然要求。节能减排，减少污染，应立足本职．把节能减排工作抓紧抓好，推而广之。     

技术

保定太阳能光伏发电形成完整产业体系 河北省保定市太阳能光伏发电产业已建立起以多晶硅、单晶硅、薄膜电池为主的光伏电池产业格局,形成太阳能光伏产品研发、制造、应用完整产业链,并在光热发电、太阳能电站、太阳能建筑一体化技术领域取得突破,构成了完整的产业体系。保定高新区是全国第一个启动国家光伏发电集中应用示范区建设的园区。示范...     

数学模拟在污水处理厂节能减排中的应用和发展

在国内外节能减排的大背景下,污水处理厂面临着巨大的提标改造和节能减排压力。基于活性污泥数学模型的数学模拟技术在国内外许多污水处理厂的模拟仿真、运行诊断与工艺优化、升级评估、节能减排等方面得到广泛的应用,文章主要介绍了数学模拟技术在污水处理厂节能减排方面的发展和应用情况,并提出今后国内的主要研究方向。     

CDM对促进浙江省畜禽废弃物回收利用的节能减排潜力研究

在国内外研究工作的基础上,介绍了畜禽废弃物的各种有效利用途径,简述了我国的畜禽废弃物利用状况,对浙江省畜禽养殖场开展清洁发展机制项目活动做了具体调查和潜力研究,量化了浙江省通过畜禽废弃物沼气发电CDM项目活动对于节能减排所能起到的促进作用。研究结果显示,浙江省每年畜禽养殖业产生粪尿总量达到523.94万t,污水总量达到1554.25万t,预计每年可减排CO2372.9万t,预计发电总装机容量可达100MW,基于CDM的沼气发电项目在节能减排方面发展潜力巨大。     

油气集输及处理节能减排的实践与探索

通过分析某作业区节能减排的现状、潜力及存在问题,结合典型实例,探讨了油田节能减排的途径和主要方法:应建立和完善各项节能减排制度,在推进能源节约、推行污染减排、加强资源综合利用等方面,实现全方位立体化节能减排。同时,应制定中长期工作规划,淘汰高能耗设备、应用新技术、加大监督检查力度等措施以实现油田企业可持续发展。     

Energy and exergy analysis of a heat storage tank with a novel eutectic phase change material layer of a solar heater system

Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources, but it is not available every time and every season. Thus, storing of solar energy is important. One of the popular methods of heat storage is use of phase change materials (PCMs) which have large thermal energy storage capacity. In this study, the heat storage tank in a domestic solar water heating system was chosen as control volume. The experiments were performed in the province of Elaz?g, Turkey, in November when solar radiation was weak due to cloudy sky. The heat storage tank of the system was modified to fill PCM between insulation and hot water part. A few PCMs which are Potassium Fluoride, Lithium Metaborate Dihydrate, Strontium Hydroxide Octahydrate, Barium Hydroxide Octahydrate, Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate, and Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate were analyzed to proper operating conditions using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and the best PCM was obtained with the Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate and Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate mixture. Thus, eutectic PCM was obtained and used in a heat storage tank of the solar water heating system. Energy and exergy analysis of heat storage tank was performed with and without the PCM. Energy and exergy analysis has shown that the heat storage tank with the PCM is more efficient than without the PCM and the maximum exergy efficiency was obtained as 22% with the heat storage tank with the PCM.     

Potential of solar domestic hot water systems in rural areas for greenhouse gas emission reduction in Poland

Application of solar energy for preparing domestic hot water is one of the easiest methods of utilization of this energy. At least part of the needs for warm tap water could be covered by solar systems. At present, mainly coal is used for water heating at dwellings in rural areas in Poland. Warm tap water consumption will increase significantly in the future as standards of living are improved. This can result in the growth of electricity use and an increase in primary fuel consumption. Present and future methods of warm sanitary water generation in rural areas in Poland is discussed, and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are estimated. It is predicted that the emission of CO₂ and NOx will increase. The emission of CO and CH₄ will decrease because of changes in the structure of the final energy carriers used. The economic and market potentials of solar energy for preparing warm water in rural areas are discussed. It is estimated that solar systems can meet 30%–45% of the energy demand for warm water generation in rural areas at a reasonable cost, with a corresponding CO₂ emission reduction. The rate of realization of the economic potential of solar water heaters depends on subsidies for the installation of equipment.

     

河北省太阳能产业可持续发展对策研究

针对太阳能产业发展现状,找出河北省太阳能产业发展过程中存在的问题,如产业环节附加值低、产用不平衡、缺乏激励政策、存在技术难题和污染、运维管理跟不上等。借鉴国内外成功经验,从光热和光电平衡发展、加大科技投入、加强政策和机制建设、实施多元化模式、控制产业污染、培养专业的运维队伍等几方面提出河北省太阳能产业可持续发展的对策。     

Problems and Prospects of Meeting the Basic Energy Needs of Rural Communities in Developing Countries Through the Utilization of Wind and Solar Energy Systems

The problems and prospects of solar and wind energy technologies for rural energy supply in developing countries are examined, followed by an overview of key attributes of these technologies. The application of wind and solar systems for cooking, water pumping, drying, water heating, and electric power supply are reviewed. Two detailed case studies are given, the first discussing the potential of solar and wind systems for rural water pumping in Morocco, and the second, examining the "wind farms" producing electric power in California and the potential for their use in developing countries.     

Solar Assisted Small-Scale Biomass District Heating System in the Northern Part of Sweden

Abstract

This article presents a case study of a projected solar assisted biomass district heating system in the north of Sweden. It is generally known that a biomass district heating system combined with solar heat brings many important benefits. The most common system solution is to install a heat store and a large solar collector field near the heating central. No plant of this type is however in operation in the northern part of Sweden. The main reason for this is that the solar irradiation at these latitudes is very low when the demand for heat is high. Solar heat could however be useful during summer in order to generate hot tap water. One problem is that the heat losses, calculated as percentage of the delivered heat, become very large during these months. This article presents the idea of allowing the connected households to generate their own hot tap water using solar collectors and heat stores installed in each house. The district heating network can therefore be closed in summer, which eliminates the heat losses outside the heating period. A case study of a projected plant has been carried out and it is shown that it is possible to reduce the heat losses by 20% compared to a conventional system. This idea also provides many other important technical and economic benefits.     

余压过滤系统在工业循环水系统中的应用

砂过滤器是一种传统而高效的水处理设备,广泛应用于钢铁企业循环水系统。目前钢铁企业最常用的砂滤器是高速或中速砂过滤器。本文结合新型浅层砂过滤器的应用,对余压过滤系统技术（余压全滤、余压旁滤）应用于钢铁企业循环水系统进行了分析,并对具体的设计方法进行了详细的介绍,可供实际生产和工程建设参考。     

Fatty Acids as Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for Thermal Energy Storage: A Review

Abstract

Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies in general and phase change materials (PCMs) in particular, have been topic in research for the last 20 years. Traditionally, available heat has been stored in the form of sensible heat (typically by raising temperature of water, rocks, etc). Latent heat storage on the other hand, is a novel and developing technology, which has found considerable interest due to its operational advantages of smaller temperature swing, smaller size, and lower weight per unit of storage capacity. The interest on thermal energy storage by using fatty acids as PCM has risen in recent times since they have desired thermodynamic and kinetic criteria for low temperature latent heat storage. An added advantage is that fatty acids are derived from the vegetable and animals oil that provides an assurance of continuous supply. This article will review the development of fatty acids as PCMs for solar thermal energy storage application.     

西藏农村能源消费及环境影响研究

西藏农村人口现有220多万,占全区总人口80％以上,农村经济落后,城乡差距很大。西藏农村能源资源主要有水力、地热、太阳能、风力、林木和畜粪等,煤炭、石油、天然气等高热值的优质能源很少。在这种经济发展水平及能源资源基础条件下,农村能源消费中高热值的现代能源比重很低,主要以生物质能如薪柴、牛粪、草皮等为主。这种低水平的能源消费结构已经对西藏脆弱的生态环境造成了巨大的破坏,西藏未来的能源发展战略迫切需要改变农村目前的消费结构,应发展太阳能、风能、农村小水电及输入高热值的化石能源替代目前生物质能的消费,减少因能源消费对西藏生态环境的破坏。     

可再生能源技术在我国旅游循环经济发展中的应用

可再生资源代替常规能源使用，是旅游可持续发展的客观要求，是旅游循环经济应用的重要方面。太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能利用技术可广泛应用于旅游循环经济系统中的旅游区（点）、旅行社、住宿、餐饮、交通、购物、娱乐等旅游企业。应采取观念更新、政府支持、技术支持等措施推进可再生资源技术在发展旅游循环经济中的研发、推广与运用。     

清洁生产在江苏油田采油工艺中的应用

近年来,江苏油田加大采油清洁生产系列工艺技术的研究力度,自行研发了插管卡堵水采油工艺、侧钻井卡堵水工艺、带压作业技术、中频感应加热单管集输工艺、太阳能辅助电加热技术等一系列新型节能、降耗、减污、增效的采油清洁生产工艺技术,并在油田开发中得到了广泛的应用,取得了明显的经济和社会效益。