共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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石油工业,是我国的一项支柱产业,然而在石油的勘探开发过程中,环境保护问题,也比较突出。为此笔者结合实践提出石油勘探开发中环境污染与环保立法的有关问题做一探讨。一、石油勘探开发中产生的主要环境污染问题我国石油开发逐年扩大,产量越来越高,是我国的经济支柱。在给国家提供大量能源、原材料的同时,也给开发区带来了不少环境污染问题。1.钻井泥浆和废水污染。钻井泥浆和钻井废水在钻井过程中随同岩屑排入泥浆、废水池内,该池是就并场临时控制的土地干,一般没有防渗措施,完钻后长期准置在井场中,形成一个个污染点源,被风… 相似文献
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宝浪油由地处新疆焉耆盆地博斯腾湖湖畔,这是一个生态环境较为脆弱且极为敏感的地区,如何保护博斯腾湖水质不受石油勘探作业的污染是一个非常重要的问题。自1994年以来,宝浪油田始终把环境保护工作作为头等大事来抓,在确保焉耆盆地水资源不受污染的前提下进行石油勘探开发,建立了环境管理层层网络,制定了一系列管理制度,并始终如一地坚持执行,踏踏实实地做好保护环境的工作,使我们在6年来的石油勘探开发工作能够顺利进行,并确保了该地区的环境未受到任何污染。 相似文献
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随着国民经济的发展,对石油的需求量迅猛增加,石油部门势必要不断地进行新油田勘探开发工作。在水库库区进行油田勘探开发,如不采取恰当有力的保护措施,对环境造成的影响将是严重的。以石油部门在内蒙他拉手水库库区进行的油田勘探开发为例,可以看出石油开发对库区生态及环境有如下的影响:一、油田勘探对库区环境的影响石油勘探部门近几年来在他拉于水库库区迸行了大规模无任何保护措施的石油勘探和开采活动(85%以上的探井和采油井都位于他拉干水库北岸),对库区水资源、草场、林地和渔业等生态环境造成了严重的破坏和影响。1、库… 相似文献
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昌吉州区域经济开发在新疆地方经济发展中占有重要地位,在发展区域经济时也对生态环境造成了影响或污染,加强生态建设,做好区域环境保护的规划十分必要。昌吉州在石油勘探开发、土地资源开发中重视生态建设,在保护耕地、保护森林、野生动、植物方面制定出台了一系列措施,行至有效,取得了一定的实效。 相似文献
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针对海洋石油勘探开发污染物排放问题,在大量收集整理不同国家和公约组织等发布的文献资料基础上,对该领域包括生产水、钻井液和钻屑、生活污水等各方面管控要求情况进行了对比与分析。研究认为,总体看,不同国家和组织对石油勘探开发过程中的要求大体上一致,个别方面有所差别。相对而言,目前国内的标准较为严格,不过在分区距离、生活污水定义、污染要素测定方法方面还有不足,建议未来在实际广泛调研和试验基础上进一步修订完善,以更好地保护海洋环境,为建设海洋生态文明做出贡献。 相似文献
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在油气田开发生产过程中,会产生大量危险废物,如处置不当会造成严重污染,但如何判别危险废物是环境管理中的难点问题。文章分析了石油和天然气开采业生产工艺流程,对石油和天然气开采业的油井、联合站、集输管道产生危险废物的类型、环节进行了分析,可为有关人员对危险废物判定提供参考。 相似文献
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肖丽娜 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,(4):25-28
"十一五"以来,昌黎县主要污染物排放得以控制,环境污染恶化趋势得以遏制,环境质量明显改善,生态建设和环境保护取得了初步成效。但目前昌黎县城乡环境质量差距仍呈扩大的趋势,存在环境保护意识不强、生态经济发展比较落后、农村环境污染严重、环保投入不足等问题,因此迫切需要从以上几个方面入手加强昌黎生态县建设。 相似文献
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随着石油库数量的不断增加和公众环境保护意识的增强,石油库环境污染问题越来越引人关注。正确认识和合理预防、控制油库污染对于实现企业经济、社会以及环境效益的协调发展起着非常重要的作用。文章简要分析了石油库的常规环境污染途径、方式及火灾爆炸事故造成的环境风险,分别从规划、设计和运行三个阶段论述了常规环境污染控制以及事故状态下的风险防控,并提出此项工作应贯穿于规划、设计和运行的全过程中。 相似文献
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Onah R. Ogri 《The Environmentalist》2001,21(1):11-21
Nigeria has abundant deposits of oil and natural gas and their exploitation has improved the economy substantially, but with serious environmental costs. Severe ecological damage has occurred in the Niger Delta area where most of the oil industries are based. Statutory rules and regulations for environmental protection applicable to the oil industry in Nigeria appear to be generally inadequate and ineffective. So far, air pollution has not been properly addressed. Natural gas is still being flared from many oil wells, with serious air pollution problems and a waste of this resource. The legal control of air pollution in the light of the ongoing operations of liquified natural gas (LNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) projects is advised along with other measures for environmental quality, control and the conservation of resources. 相似文献
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Review and challenges of policies of environmental protection and sustainable development in China 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
China is confronted with the dual task of developing its national economy and protecting its ecological environment. Since the 1980s, China's policies on environmental protection and sustainable development have experienced five changes: (1) progression from the adoption of environmental protection as a basic state policy to the adoption of sustainable development strategy; (2) changing focus from pollution control to ecological conservation equally; (3) shifting from end-of-pipe treatment to source control; (4) moving from point source treatment to regional environmental governance; and (5) a turn away from administrative management-based approaches and towards a legal means and economic instruments-based approach. Since 1992, China has set down sustainable development as a basic national strategy. However, environmental pollution and ecological degradation in China have continued to be serious problems and have inflicted great damage on the economy and quality of life. The beginning of the 21st century is a critical juncture for China's efforts towards sustaining rapid economic development, intensifying environmental protection efforts, and curbing ecological degradation. As the largest developing country, China's policies on environmental protection and sustainable development will be of primary importance not only for China, but also the world. Realizing a completely well-off society by the year 2020 is seen as a crucial task by the Chinese government and an important goal for China's economic development in the new century, however, attaining it would require a four-fold increase over China's year 2000 GDP. Therefore, speeding up economic development is a major mission during the next two decades and doing so will bring great challenges in controlling depletion of natural resources and environmental pollution. By taking a critical look at the development of Chinese environmental policy, we try to determine how best to coordinate the relationship between the environment and the economy in order to improve quality of life and the sustainability of China's resources and environment. Examples of important measures include: adjustment of economic structure, reform of energy policy, development of environmental industry, pollution prevention and ecological conservation, capacity building, and international cooperation and public participation. 相似文献