共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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稀土在废水处理中的应用进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
综述了国内稀土金属在废水处理中的最新应用进展,总结了稀土复合吸附剂的制备方法及其在含磷、氨氮、砷、氟、铬、镉等废水处理中的效果,讨论了稀土复合混凝剂和稀土催化剂在染料、助剂、化工等高浓度有机废水处理中的应用,为找到高效环保的处理工业废水的方法提供了依据. 相似文献
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土壤-植物系统重金属形态分析和生物有效性研究进展 总被引:62,自引:0,他引:62
介绍了土壤-植物系统中重金属连续提取的形态分析方法研究进展,同时归纳了影响重金属生物有效性的主要因素,如土壤性质、复合污染及根际环境等,并指出了需要解决的问题与今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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好氧生物流化床反应器处理有机废水技术进展 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
介绍了国内外好氧生物流化床反应器处理有机废水技术的发概况,分析了好氧生物流化床反应技术的发展动向,并介绍了几种新型的好氧生物流化床反应器。 相似文献
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《Waste management & research》1989,7(1):57-62
The principal heavy metal loads to municipal solid waste incinerators are determined from analyses of bottom ash, fly ash and gaseous effluents. Upper values in g per Mg refuse are: Cl, 8000; F, 200; S, 5000; Zn, 2000; Pb, 1200; Cu, 600; Cr, 250; Ni, 80; Cd, 15; Hg, 5; As, 4. More than half of the Cl, Cd, Hg and As pass into the flue gas and are either captured in the fly ash or emitted in the stack gas. 相似文献
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Anthropogenic metal cycles in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tao Wang Jiansu Mao Jeremiah Johnson Barbara K. Reck Thomas E. Graedel 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(2):188-197
The flows and stocks of seven important industrial metals were characterized for mainland China for several years in the dynamically
changing decade of 1994–2004. One-year snapshot cycles are provided for chromium, nickel, and silver. For copper, zinc, lead,
and iron, multiple-year cycles have been completed; they demonstrate that the flows of these metals into use in China doubled
between 2000 and 2004. Although the Chinese per capita flows from production to disposal are mostly shown to be below the
global average rate, they are increasing or are expected to increase dramatically. The metal resource efficiency is evaluated
for several indicators of material flow analysis; these metrics for China are also below the global average values. The research
quantitatively illustrates that China’s metal cycles may pose significant resource and environmental challenges in terms of
their magnitudes and potential for growth. 相似文献
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助剂工业中的环境荷尔蒙问题 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
环境荷尔蒙是对人类健康和生态环境危害有很大的一类化学物质。介绍了环境荷尔蒙的危害、种类、特性及检测方法,阐述了助剂工业中环境荷尔蒙产生的根源及防治措施。 相似文献
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论述了膨润土的吸附机理,介绍了膨润土的物理及化学改性方法及其对有机染料废水,焦化废水,烟草废水,煤泥水,含酚类、石油烃类、抗生素废水及微污染水等的处理效果。针对膨润土作为环保吸附剂存在的问题指出了今后的研究方向:1)将研究成果应用于实际废水;2)研究环境友好且效果好的改性工艺及材料;3)研究新的吸附剂制备形式;4)加大膨润土在废气处理上的研究力度;5)研制吸附效果更佳且能处理复杂成分污水的新型复合吸附剂。 相似文献
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介绍了有色金属行业中含砷废弃物的两种处理技术——资源化和稳定化-固化的研究进展。从含砷的烟灰、废水及废渣3个方向对资源化处理技术的研究进展进行了介绍,含砷废弃物经资源化处理后可得到As2O3和砷酸盐产品,但砷产品品种有限,应开发新的资源化途径和砷产品。此外,综述了含砷废弃物的稳定化-固化处置技术的研究进展,指出铁盐稳定化优于钙盐稳定化,特别是臭葱石形式的沉淀具有稳定性高、堆存时间长和无需再固化的优点;对比了包胶固化、火法固化及熔融固化3种固化技术的特点,其中水泥包胶固化法的成熟度较高,但仍有改进空间。 相似文献
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介绍了责任关怀产生的缘由、内容、标志、意义及世界化工行业推行责任关怀的现状与方法,指出责任关怀是化工行业不断改善环境、健康和安全行为的承诺,最具标志性的行为是公布年度环境、健康和安全报告,本质是对职工、邻居和公众健康的关爱。分析了我国化工行业推行责任关怀所存在的问题,提出了相应的建议和措施。 相似文献
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Araceli Loredo-Treviño Gerardo Gutiérrez-Sánchez Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera Cristóbal N. Aguilar 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):258-265
Plastics are present in a lot of aspects of everyday life. They are very versatile and resistant to microbial attack. Polyurethanes
are used in several industries and are divided in polyester and polyether polyurethanes and there are different types among
them. Despite their microbial resistance, they are susceptible to the attack of fungi and bacteria but the mechanism to elucidate
its biodegradation are unknown. There are reports from bacteria and fungi that are capable of degrading polyurethane but the
studies about the enzymes that attack the plastic are focused on bacterial enzymes only. The enzymes reported are of type
esterase and protease mainly since these enzymes are very unspecific and can recognize some regions in the polyurethane molecule
and hydrolyze it. Fungal enzymes have been studied prior the 1990s decade but recently, some authors report the use of filamentous
fungi to degrade polyurethane and also report some characteristics of the enzymes involved in it. This review approaches polyurethane
biodegradation by focusing on the enzymes reported to date. 相似文献
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超声波技术降解水中氯代有机物的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了超声波技术的基本原理,概述了超声波和各种超声联用(超声波与紫外光、过氧化氢、臭氧、Fenton试剂等联用)技术降解氯代有机物的效果和影响因素,总结了氯代有机物降解机理与动力学的研究进展,并在此基础上提出了今后超声波及其联用技术降解水中氯代有机物的研究方向。 相似文献
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F.O. Ongondo I.D. Williams J. Dietrich C. Carroll 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(12):2600-2606
In Europe, socio-economic enterprises such as charities, voluntary organisations and not-for-profit companies are involved in the repair, refurbishment and reuse of various products. This paper characterises and analyses the operations of socio-economic enterprises that are involved in the reuse of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) equipment. Using findings from a survey, the paper specifically analyses the reuse activities of socio-economic enterprises in the UK from which Europe-wide conclusions are drawn. The amount of ICT products handled by the reuse organisations is quantified and potential barriers and opportunities to their operations are analysed. By-products from reuse activities are discussed and recommendations to improve reuse activities are provided. The most common ICT products dealt with by socio-economic enterprises are computers and related equipment. In the UK in 2010, an estimated 143,750 appliances were reused. However, due to limitations in data, it is difficult to compare this number to the amount of new appliances that entered the UK market or the amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment generated in the same period. Difficulties in marketing products and numerous legislative requirements are the most common barriers to reuse operations. Despite various constraints, it is clear that organisations involved in reuse of ICT could contribute significantly to resource efficiency and a circular economy. It is suggested that clustering of their operations into “reuse parks” would enhance both their profile and their products. Reuse parks would also improve consumer confidence in and subsequently sales of the products. Further, it is advocated that industrial networking opportunities for the exchange of by-products resulting from the organisations’ activities should be investigated. The findings make two significant contributions to the current literature. One, they provide a detailed insight into the reuse operations of socio-economic enterprises. Previously unavailable data has been presented and analysed. Secondly, new evidence about the by-products/materials resulting from socio-economic enterprises’ reuse activities has been obtained. These contributions add substantially to our understanding of the important role of reuse organisations. 相似文献
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In situ bioremediation (ISB) melds an understanding of microbiology, chemistry, hydrogeology, and engineering into a strategy for planned and controlled microbial degradation of specific contaminants. ISB creates subsurface environmental conditions, typically through reduction oxidation manipulation, which induce the degradation of contaminants via microbial catalyzed biochemical reactions. In turn, the microbes produce enzymes that are utilized to derive energy and that are instrumental in the degradation of target chemicals. To accomplish this chain of events, the type of microorganisms, contaminant, and the geological conditions at the site must be considered. Since in situ conditions are manipulated by engineered means, the most important consideration is the ability to transmit and mix liquids in the subsurface. The Interstate Technology Regulatory Council (ITRC)–ISB Team has recently completed a guidance document that describes a systematic approach to ISB in groundwater. ITRC is a state‐led coalition of more than 40 states working together with industry and stakeholders to achieve regulatory acceptance of environmental technologies. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献