加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定环境空气中的苯并(a)芘

采用加速溶剂萃取一高效液相色谱法荧光检测器测定环境空气中的苯并（a）芘,以乙腈／水为流动相,检测器激发波长为290nm,发射波长为430nm。方法线性良好,检出限为0．08μg／L,当采样体积为1080m。时,最低检测质量浓度为3×10^-7μg／m^3（标准状态下）,实际样品加标回收率为87．2％～109％。与超声波萃取法相比,两种方法回收率相近,而加速溶剂萃取法乙腈用量更少。     

高效液相色谱法测定玉米作物中苯并(a)芘

采用超声提取-高效液相色谱法测定玉米作物中苯并（a）芘,优化了试验条件。方法在0mg／L-100mg／L范围内线性良好,检出限为0．15mg／L,玉米样品测定的相对标准偏差为5．3％～10．0％,加标回收率〉86．9％。     

高效液相色谱法测定饮用水中苯并[a]芘

本文采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器法,用反相C18柱,在乙腈：水（V／V）=90：10作为流动相,检测波长：λEx=265nm,λEm=410nm,流速为1．5mL／min的条件下对饮用水中苯并[a]芘进行了方法学考查,本方法对苯并[a]芘的线性相关系数等于0．9998,RSD为1．46％,平均回收率为93．1％,方法操作简便、准确可靠、灵敏度较高。     

土壤中苯并[a]芘测定的精密度控制指标研究

通过全国多家实验室的大量监测数据,研究分析了土壤中苯并[a]芘测定的精密度控制指标,并与EPA8270D进行了比较,旨在为环境监测工作提供质量控制依据和质量控制指标。研究表明,标准样品的室内相对标准偏差的质量控制范围≤28%,室内相对偏差的质量控制范围≤34%。     

固相萃取富集高压液相色谱分析饮用水中的苯并(a)

本文以高压液相色谱仪作为样品分析手段,对Ｃ１８键合相吸附剂富集饮用水中苯并（ａ）芘回收效率的影响因素逐一进行系统研究。实验结果显示,在优化的样品富集和样品分析条件下,该方法具有快速、安全、高效和低耗等优点,在绝对进样量００２５～０３ｍｇ之间,线性良好,方法最低检出限为０５ｎｇ／Ｌ,同时准确度和精密度也得到很好地控制。另外,该方法在自来水及其源水的样品分析中获得了良好的结果。     

弗罗里硅土净化和凝胶色谱净化在土壤苯并(a)芘测定中的应用

采用ASE萃取-弗罗里硅土净化-HPLC法和ASE萃取-GPC净化-HPLC法测定土壤中苯并(a)芘,并将2种方法的测定结果作比对。试验表明,方法在0.02 mg/L~0.500 mg/L之间线性良好,当取样量为10 g时,弗罗里硅土净化土壤样品方法检出限为8.93×10~(-5)mg/kg,平均加标回收率为72.7%~73.8%,3次测定结果的RSD为4.0%~4.5%;凝胶色谱净化土壤样品方法检出限为1.98×10~(-5)mg/kg,平均加标回收率为88.8%~90.2%,3次测定结果的RSD为2.1%~2.8%。     

煤化工厂烟气中苯并(a)芘现状监测分析

通过试验建立了煤化工厂烟气中苯并(a)芘的液相色谱监测分析方法.通过条件优化,用配有荧光检测器的高效液相色谱仪分析烟气样品中苯并(a)芘的含量,该方法以乙腈、水梯度比例混合作为流动相;流速为1.0 ml/min;激发波长为255nm、发射波长为420nm;保留时间为27.38 min,测定检出限为2×10-3μg/m3...     

马鞍山市大气环境中苯并(a)芘分布与变化规律研究

研究了马鞍山市大气环境中苯并（a）芘的分布与变化规律,监测了马鞍山市各功能区,新老市区的居民区及交通要道大气环境中苯并（a）芘的含量,该市功能区内的工业区大气中苯并（a）芘污染严重,最高质量浓度达50．31ng/m^3,居民区内老市大气中的苯并（a）芘污染明显高于新市区,究其原因,老市区是马鞍山,市工业发源地,属居民,商业及工业混合区,研究中发现,大气中苯并（a）芘含量高低有季节性的昼夜变化现象,时空分布和迁移变化规律明显,并且大气中总悬浮颗粒物与苯并（a)芘的相关性显著。     

沥青烟中苯并(a)芘的等速采样与监测

新的大气污染综合排放标准对沥青及碳素制品生产和加工制定了沥青烟和苯并(a)芘的排放标准,然而空气和废气监测分析方法没有给出沥青烟气中苯并(a)芘的分析方法.为此,用色谱固定液滤筒及新设计的富集器等速采样,进行沥青烟苯并(a)芘的分析,为执行新的大气污染综合排放标准提供了实用技术.     

地表水超痕量苯并(a)芘的检测及空白干扰消除

采用液液萃取-超高效液相色谱仪接荧光检测器测定地表水中超痕量的苯并(a)芘,并对方法空白的干扰因素进行探讨。研究发现,该法的空白干扰主要来自于溶剂二氯甲烷,溶剂经蒸馏提纯后可消除干扰。以重新蒸馏提纯的二氯甲烷为提取剂,方法的检测限为0.05 ng/L,加标回收率为87.4%~132%,且空白测定值低于方法检出限,可满足地表水中超痕量苯并(a)芘检测的需求。     

Kinetic Analysis: Benzo(a) pyrene in Southeastern Ohio

Kinetic Analysis has been successful for metallic elements in relatively isolated areas. In this study it is applied to a complex organic compound in a geographical area with a large urban component. Ten media compartments are included, with man as the ultimate receptor. Field data were collected for only 6 of the media and were not used in the analysis but were compared to the calculated steady state concentrations. The greatest differences between calculated and observed values were 4.8-fold for soil and 5.4-fold for sediment. The field sampling regime for soils was biased towards areas of industrialization and probably explains the higher observed value. The lower observed value for sediment is likely due to unknown variables necessary for the estimation of the compartment size and/or the associated transfer rate constants. This study indicated that the Kinetic Analysis technique can be applied successfully to the pre-sampling estimation of the distribution of organic pollutants in environmental systems.     

Benzo(a)pyrene induced structural and functional modifications in lung cystatin

Cystatins are thiol proteinase inhibitors ubiquitously present in the mammalian body. They serve a protective function to regulate the activities of endogenous proteinases, which may cause uncontrolled proteolysis and damage. In the present study, the effect of benzo(a)pyrene [BaP] on lung cystatin was studied to explore the hazardous effects of environmental pollutant on structural and functional integrity of the protein. The basic binding interaction was studied by UV-absorption, FT-IR, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The enhancement of total protein fluorescence with a red shift of 5 nm suggests structural scratch of lung cystatin by benzo(a)pyrene. Further, ANS binding studies reaffirm the unfolding of the thiol protease inhibitor (GLC-I) after treating with benzo(a)pyrene. The results of FT-IR spectroscopy reflect perturbation of the secondary conformation (alpha-helix to β-sheet) in goat lung cystatin on interaction with BaP. Finally, functional inactivation of cystatin on association with BaP was checked by its papain inhibitory activity. Benzo(a)pyrene (10 μM) caused complete inactivation of goat lung cystatin. Benzo(a)pyrene-induced loss of structure and function in the thiol protease inhibitor could provide a caution for lung injury caused by the pollutants and smokers.     

微波萃取-高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的研究

建立了微波萃取一高效液相色谱测定土壤中多环芳烃组分的方法,详尽地叙述了土样预处理过程。当土壤样品取样量为10g时,在荧光检测器上响应的组分检出限为1-10ng／kg,在二极管阵列检测器上响应的组分检出限为0．25-0．5μg/kg。加标回收率为84．3％-93．3％,回收率较高,相对标准偏差为2．8％-5．8％,精密度较好。方法简便、灵敏。     

4-氨基安替比林比色法测定土壤中挥发酚含量探讨

用4—氨基安替比林比色法测定土壤中挥发酚,经过对不同性质的土壤样品进行分析及质控实验,结果证明操作简便,准确度及精密度均符合质量保证要求。     

Levels of PAHs in the soils of Belgrade and its environs

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed in 39 soil samples (0–10 cm upper layer) collected in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. The sampling sites were randomly selected from urban, urban/recreational and rural areas; the samples were collected in April and December 2003 and July and October 2004. The sum of the 16 PAHs corresponding to the recreational zone (298 μg/kg) was close to the urban zone (375 μg/kg). Mean soil ΣPAH concentration from rural areas was 18 μg/kg dry weight. Comparing to values observed in the urbanized locations around the world, the overall levels of PAHs in this study are low. The PAH ratios obtained pointed to a domination of pyrogenically formed PAHs in the examined soils. The dominant PAHs in soil samples in urban zones were fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene, mostly emitted from noncatalyst vehicles which are still in use in Serbia. The total carcinogenic potency for each sampling site was calculated. Regardless of the used carcinogenic activity factors, carcinogenic potency of 7 sites were 3–9 times higher than the reference ones indicating the increased carcinogenic burden of soils from these sites.     

土壤中挥发性有机物的顶空制备方法研究

对土壤中挥发性有机物（VOCs）有效提取的顶空（HS）前处理条件进行了研究。结果表明,在一定的气相色谱条件下,影响顶空装置对挥发性有机物提取水平的主要有顶空平衡时间、平衡温度、基准修正液的加入量等因素,在一定的HS—GC条件下,土壤中挥发性有机物的准确度可达80%。     

原子荧光法测定土壤中的痕量碲

建立了采用微波消解土壤样品,OnGuardⅡH柱消除消解液中金属元素干扰,原子荧光法测定土壤中碲的方法。本方法检出限为0.009μg/g,加标回收率为91.3%~97.8%,具有操作简便、快速、准确度高和用酸量少等优点,有一定的应用价值。     

GC/MS内标法测定土壤中多环芳烃的质量控制

阐述了GC/MS内标法测定土壤中多环芳烃时质量控制的基本内容、基本方法和基本操作。测定结果为：空白分析结果均小于检出限;空白加标精密度和准确度分别在7.80%~25.2%和49.2%~96.6%之间;样品加标精密度和准确度分别在7.77%~19.8%和67.2%~122%之间;检出限在0.05~0.08 mg/kg之间...     

超高效液相色谱法测定土壤中微量阿特拉津

采用超高效液相色谱仪,建立了土壤中微量阿特拉津的快速检测方法.研究结果表明:采用反相C18色谱柱,以甲醇/水(70:30,v/v)为流动相,流速为0.2 ml/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为220 nm条件下,在12.5～1000μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),检出限0.18×10-3 mg/...