航天器动力学环境试验标准体系研究

文中主要论述了我国标准体系框架和分类及军用标准体系,研究了航天器环境工程标准体系及航天器动力学环境标准的发展及其与国外标准体系的关系,探讨了航天器动力学环境试验验证系统及验证标准的发展及作用,阐述了航天器力学环境试验标准与国外同行业的差距及发展方向。     

大气腐蚀与环境

总结了各种金属材料在中国不同环境下的长期大气腐蚀试验结果,环境中包括了亚热带、温带、工业性、海洋性、干燥环境及湿热环境等各种典型环境。材料中包括了常用的碳钢及耐候钢、不锈钢、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金。分析了环境对各种金属材料大气腐蚀的影响,对润湿时间、二氧化硫、酸雨及盐粒子的污染作用提出了新的看法。     

石煤提钒工艺中烟气污染物排放控制研究

介绍了传统钠法焙烧石煤提钒生产工艺的原理及烟气污染物产生和治理现状,提出了一种新型的焙烧工艺及烟气污染防治技术,阐述了工艺原理,并与传统工艺和方法进行了比较分析。基于中试试验报告及监测数据,研究分析了烟气污染物防治措施的技术可行性,针对烟气排放中存在的问题及原因进行了探讨,并提出了改进措施及建议,旨在为石煤提钒企业在烟气污染物治理控制方面提供参考。     

锑的成矿构造地球化学特性研究

概括了锑元素在地球及地壳各圈层中的丰度及分配特性 ,总结了锑的一般矿物地球化学特征及迁移富集形式 ,最后对锑元素成矿构造地球化学特性进行了探讨。     

上海市危险废物处理处置及管理对策探讨

简要介绍了国外危险废物管理制度及法律法规体系;表述了我国危险废物的管理法规．制度及控制标准;阐述了上海市危险废物处理处置及管理现状;分析了存在的主要问题;从6个方面提出了上海市危险废物的管理对策。     

河道生态及环境需水理论探讨

针对地表水开发利用过程中存在的主要问题,从理论上对河道生态、环境需水进行探讨,包括:①在分析已有生态及环境需水概念的基础上,界定了生态及环境需水的定义;②对河道生态及环境需水进行了重点分析和论述。首先,回顾了与河道生态及环境需水研究有关的概念;其次,根据河道水量平衡探讨河道生态及环境需水的机理及其组成;第三,根据人类对地表水的影响强度,将水资源开发利用划分为4个阶段,论述了每个阶段河流生态系统的特点,并分析了河流流量减少所造成的对整个河流生态系统的影响;最后,给出了河道生态及环境需水的概念。论文为河道生态及环境需水研究提供了理论基础和依据。     

排放额度论

本文论述了排放额度的概念,排放额度初始定价的依据和原则,建立了排放额度计算公式及框架计算模型,并进一步阐述了建立排放额度环境帐户及相应减排市场的方法及意义。     

制冷剂与环境保护关系的动态研究

本文从环境保护角度介绍了制冷剂发展经历的三个阶段 ,分析了 2 0世纪广泛使用的CFCs及HCFCs制冷剂对臭氧层的破坏及产生温室效应等危害 ,介绍了国际上限用此类物质情况 ,指出了寻求绿色环保制冷剂必须适应环保及节能等具体要求 ,对比了CFCs、HCFCs制冷剂及其目前替代物在环保方面的主要性质及未来发展趋势     

受污染地表水体生物修复技术研究进展

主要介绍了受污染地表水体生物修复技术的类型及特点,综述了国内外关于受污染地表水体生物修复技术研究及应用的现状,并对生物修复技术的研究及应用进行了展望.     

我国危险废物污染及治理状况

本文阐述了我国近年来危险废物污染及治理状况,并分析了存在的问题及原因,提出了一些可行性建议.     

采用大变形弹塑性有限元法对带材异步冷轧过程的数值模拟

此文采用纠正的拉格朗日列式和基于弹塑性乘法分解的超弹性塑性本构关系,对铝带在不同轧制条件下的异步冷轧过程进行了大变形弹塑性有限元模拟.结果表明,在异步轧制时,轧制力对工作辊辊径的变化表现出非敏感性,而且由于搓轧区的存在,使得变形区内静水压力的绝对值比同步轧制时要小得多.     

径轴向辗环机优化轧制规程的计算机辅助设计

此文介绍了利用数字计算机进行矩形截面环轧制的优化规程设计方法,优化是基于轧制过程的物理模型,考虑了各种轧制约束条件,结果符合实际生产情况,并且可使轧机容量得到充分利用,大大缩短轧制所需时间,节约材料与能源消耗。     

Stability Analysis of Chatter on a Tandem Rolling Mill

Accurate prediction of the onset of chatter is difficult in designing and operating a rolling mill. Both the lack of precise rolling process models and analytical methods for the investigation of mill stability have forced designers and users to rely on experience and trial and error, which are time consuming and cost demanding. A comprehensive rolling process model is introduced to form the foundation of chatter analysis that includes a range of possible process variations. Analytical chatter models for both single and multiple-stand rolling mills are constructed that account for interactions between mill structure and rolling process, as well as between adjacent stands. Stability analysis is performed to formulate criteria for rolling mill design and operation. Finally, simulations and experiments are presented to verify some basic components of the rolling process model that constitute the proposed chatter models.     

车门框条滚压成形工艺及滚压线设计

以X110型车门为例,分析零件工艺性,介绍滚压成形工艺过程,强调在模具设计和制作中应注意的问题。设计由滚压、校正、滚焊和自动断料等工艺流程组成的滚压线,可作为类似滚压工艺参考。     

钢窗手柄冷楔横轧工艺

分析了楔横轧成形条件,以冷楔横轧钢窗手柄为例探讨了工艺方案选择和工艺参数确定.试轧获得基本成功.如用于实际生产尚须进一步提高加工精度.     

非对称交叉轧制压力研究与分析

对冷轧条件下非对称交叉轧制情况下变形区金属流动状态进行了分析 ,建立了总轧制压力计算公式 ,并用理论与实验两方面进一步分析了轧制压力与交叉角之间的关系。     

Design of Profile Ring Rolling by Backward Simulation Using Upper Bound Element Technique (UBET)

The upper bound element technique (UBET) is used to determine the optimum intermediate shape for profile ring rolling using backward simulation. The lowest energy rate is the key issue in achieving the optimal intermediate shape as well as the backward simulation of the process. The plastic flow of material in ring rolling is assumed to be a sequence of successive closed-die forging processes. The ring is divided into features, which provide an approximated profile consisting of a number of rectangular elements. The simulation of the profile ring rolling was tested with different profiles of rolls, and two such cases are presented here. The present method was validated using an experimental radial ring rolling mill designed and fabricated in the Dept. of Mechanical Engineering at Ohio University for the investigation of both cold and hot ring rolling processes. As the results show, this technique is capable of solving the backward simulation of profile ring rolling problems in a much shorter time compared to the finite element method (FEM), which cannot easily simulate profile ring rolling. Moreover, as an engineering tool, this approach can be applied effectively to the profile ring rolling process and can serve as a useful tool in industrial applications.     

The effect of cold rolling on the foaming efficiency of aluminium precursors

The objective of the present study is to investigate the role of cold rolling on the foaming ability (or foamability) of aluminium precursors, made by continuous rotary extrusion, a process performed at elevated temperature, starting by powder. For this purpose, the effect of different parameters including initial shape of precursors, rolling direction, amount of deformation in each rolling pass and final thickness of rolled specimens are experimentally investigated. Furthermore, the foaming efficiency of both rolled precursors and as-received extruded ones is compared. To clarify the role of secondary processing operations on the foaming efficiency, precursor samples are prepared following different forming and machining process chains, before the final foaming operation. Finally, hardness tests are performed on as-received precursors and rolled samples to notice the correlation between rolling parameters, state of strain, foaming efficiency and hardness. The results of the study show that: (a) cold rolling considerably improves foamability, (b) rectangular precursor bars have higher foaming efficiency than round ones, both before and after cold rolling. Besides, the improvement in foamability due to cold rolling is greater if precursors are rolled in the extrusion direction, rather than the orthogonal direction.     

方轧件在椭圆孔型中轧制温度场的三维有限元分析

应用MARC/autoforge有限元软件对方轧件在椭圆孔型中的轧制温度场进行了热力耦合模拟.研究了模拟过程中的传热边界条件,分析了轧制前和轧制过程中轧件中温度场的分布和变化规律.模拟计算结果和实验结果的比较说明二者基本是相符的.     

含铌微合金钢热连轧过程中组织演变及工艺参数的预测

采用有限元计算模型对热连轧生产过程中带钢断面温度场的分布进行了预测,建立了描述含铌微合金钢软化行为的再结晶模型及计算精轧过程应力-应变曲线的流变应力模型。在此基础上,对X46级管线钢工业轧制中的奥氏体再结晶动力学、微观组织演变及精轧的轧制力、轧制力矩、轧制功率进行了预测,结果与实测值吻合较好,反映了工业生产的实际。