一株甲醛转化霉菌Paecilomyces sp.H6的分离鉴定

甲醛广泛应用于室内装修材料中,造成室内空气污染,危害人的身心健康。本研究用含甲醛的培养基从驯化的菜园土中分离出一株霉菌,并观察平板培养特征、孢子形态,提取DNA,PCR扩增,产物测序,序列比对,查找同源率,构建系统发育树等,研究了其在一定浓度下的甲醛转化能力,结果表明：该菌株的培养特征、孢子形态和宛氏拟青霉（Paecilomycesvariotii）最相似,18S rDNA序列与宛氏拟青霉（Paecilomyces variotii）的同源率为100%,160 r.min-130℃摇床培养144 h,能将ρ（甲醛）=1 235、ρ（甲醛）=1 682 mg·L-1转化为ρ（甲醛）=0和ρ（甲醛）=65 mg·L-1,其转化能力分别为100%、96.1%,菌丝干质量分别从0.468 9、0.475 9 g增长到0.529 8、0.523 6 g,还能将ρ（甲醛）=2 377、ρ（甲醛）=2 849 mg·L-1转化为ρ（甲醛）=854、ρ（甲醛）=1 507 mg.L-1,其转化能力也能达到64.1%、47.1%,但菌丝增长缓慢,结果显示该菌株是高浓度的甲醛转化霉菌,具有重要的研究意义。     

2株石油降解菌生长和降解石油条件的优化

对2株石油降解菌DH-5和DH-9生长的最适培养基成分以及降解石油的最佳环境条件进行了筛选。结果表明,DH-5的最佳培养基成分为ρ(原油)1 g.L-1、ρ(氮源)400 mg.L-1、ρ(磷源)200 mg.L-1、ρ(酵母浸出液)20 mg.L-1,最有效利用的氨基酸为精氨酸,最适环境条件为pH 7.0、盐度20、温度15～30℃;DH-9的最佳培养基成分为ρ(原油)1 g.L-1、ρ(氮源)400 mg.L-1、ρ(磷源)100 mg.L-1、ρ(酵母浸出液)20 mg.L-1,最有效利用的氨基酸为天冬氨酸,最适环境条件为pH 7.5、盐度20、温度30℃。当ρ(原油)为20 g.L-1时,DH-9的生物量和原油降解率分别是DH-5的2.58倍和2.29倍。研究表明,DH-9对高浓度原油的耐受性明显强于DH-5,而DH-5对低温的适应性优于DH-9,2个菌株对高盐度的适应性均较强。     

高效甲醛降解菌处理突发污染事故研究

通过选择培养,选育到1株能快速降解高浓度甲醛的菌株BZ-001H,经鉴定为Bacillus cereus,其最适降解条件是30℃和pH 7.0,最适浓度为8 000 mg L-1,最佳接种量为0.3‰,甲醛浓度越高时对pH的变化越敏感.用BZ-001H作为功能菌株对活性污泥系统强化后应急处理含2 035.67 mg L-1、4 155.63 mg L-1、8 099.27 mg L-1浓度甲醛的模拟废液,2.5h、6 h、14 h后去除率都能达到99%以上.模拟甲醛突发污染事故场景与应用条件,用BZ-001H强化常规SBR工艺应急处理4 073.65 mg L-1甲醛废液,经过8 h降解,可使出水甲醛达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准.同时,考察了应急处理过程对应急系统和常规系统的影响,结果表明,应急处理结束后,应急SBR系统运行2周期后COD达标排放,6周期后氨氮达标排放;而对照系统受冲击明显,运行10周期后氨氮仍未达标,去处率仅为18.81%.     

棒状链霉菌突变株CCRC11518-Ⅲ50克拉维酸发酵条件的研究

通过单因子和多因子摇瓶正交优化试验,确定了克拉维酸产生菌棒状链霉菌突变株Streptomyces clavuligerusCCRC11518-Ⅲ50的三角瓶发酵条件.发酵培养基组成(ρ/g L-1):甘油30,大豆蛋白胨60,麦芽浸膏7.5,K2HPO4·3H2O 1.0,MgSO4·7H2O 2.0,FeSO4-7H2O 1.0;培养基初始pH 6.5;接种量15％;培养基装量20 mL/250 mL三角瓶;培养温度25℃;发酵时间72 h.克拉维酸效价由优化前的834.8 μg mL-1提高到1 082.615 μg mL-1,提高了29.7％.还在1 600 mL发酵罐中进行了初步放大试验.当接种量15％,通气量1:0.5,转速450 r min-1,25℃发酵60h克拉维酸效价达到高峰1 025 μg mL-1.图12表1参12     

乙酸钙不动杆菌TS2H对DBP降解特性的研究

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)是一类具有一般毒性和致畸、致突变性的有机化合物,它作为重要的化工原料被大量地用于塑料生产,同时也带来了严重的环境污染问题。文章以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)为PAEs生物降解研究的模型物,通过驯化富集培养,分离出1株能降解DBP的乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)TS2H,研究了TS2H对DBP的生物降解特性。结果表明,该菌可在好氧条件下高效降解DBP,在最佳pH值7时,150r·min-1振荡培养48h对DBP初始质量浓度为40mg·L-1的降解率可达到98.64%;TS2H对100mg·L-1内较高质量浓度的DBP均具有较高的降解效能,但当DBP质量浓度达到300mg·L-1时,降解效能受到一定的抑制;加入营养物蛋白胨能促进菌株TS2H对DBP的降解,而葡萄糖和苯甲酸钠的加入对DBP的降解有延缓作用;菌株TS2H在一定浓度的Zn2 、Cd2 和Cu2 条件下仍可较高效地降解DBP。     

曝气复氧对滇池重污染支流底泥污染物迁移转化的影响

利用模拟试验方法,研究和探讨了河道曝气复氧对滇池重污染支流底泥污染物迁移转化的影响,结果表明:(1)曝气复氧会导致上覆水体pH值上升0.6～1.0;(2)曝气复氧对上覆水体中TN、TP的质量浓度影响相似,在好氧处理条件下呈下降趋势,而在不曝气的对照处理中呈持续上升趋势,两种状况上覆水体TN、TP的平均变化速率分别为:-0.156 mg·L-1·d-1、-0.060mg·L-1·d-1和0.414mg·L-1·d-1、0.036mg·L-1·d-1;(3)上覆水体中COD的质量浓度在好氧和对照两种处珲条件下,表现出两种不同的变化趋势,前者先上升后下降,而后者先下降后上升,平均变化速率分别为-0.361 mg·L-1·d-1和0.314 mg·L-1·d-1;(4)曝气复氧可抑制河道底泥向上覆水释放污染物质,适合于重污染河道水体修复.     

铜陵新桥矿区土壤中耐Cu微生物的筛选研究

选择安徽铜陵新桥矿区富Cu的污染土壤,充分利用微生物受自然环境重金属胁迫而产生耐性这一特点,进行土壤中耐Cu微生物的筛选研究。实验过程中分别配制三种不同的培养基,细菌、真菌和放线菌培养基。在水浴恒温振荡器中对土壤中耐受重金属的微生物进行驯化,将得到的对cu2＋耐受性最高的液体培养基作为菌源,在琼脂平板培养基上进行划线分离,并将得到的纯菌株在光学显微镜下进行形态观察,菌种经试管斜面富集培养后保存在4℃冰箱中以便后续使用。研究发现,土样中细菌和真菌对cu的耐受性低,最高耐受质量浓度分别只达到500mg·L-1和1100mg·L-1。而放线菌表现出cu高耐受性,分离得到的放线菌耐受Cu的质量浓度最高达到10000mg·L-1,初步鉴定该放线菌株为链霉菌属。该放线菌菌种可能同时对Cu有吸附降解特性,具有成为污染土壤生物治理的高效耐受吸附菌种的潜力巨大。     

铜陵新桥矿区土壤中耐Cu微生物的筛选研究

选择安徽铜陵新桥矿区富Cu的污染土壤,充分利用微生物受自然环境重金属胁迫而产生耐性这一特点,进行土壤中耐Cu微生物的筛选研究。实验过程中分别配制三种不同的培养基,细菌、真菌和放线菌培养基。在水浴恒温振荡器中对土壤中耐受重金属的微生物进行驯化,将得到的对Cu2+耐受性最高的液体培养基作为菌源,在琼脂平板培养基上进行划线分离,并将得到的纯菌株在光学显微镜下进行形态观察,菌种经试管斜面富集培养后保存在4℃冰箱中以便后续使用。研究发现,土样中细菌和真菌对Cu的耐受性低,最高耐受质量浓度分别只达到500mg·L-1和1100mg·L-1。而放线菌表现出Cu高耐受性,分离得到的放线菌耐受Cu的质量浓度最高达到10000mg·L-1,初步鉴定该放线菌株为链霉菌属。该放线菌菌种可能同时对Cu有吸附降解特性,具有成为污染土壤生物治理的高效耐受吸附菌种的潜力巨大。     

壬基酚胁迫对莱茵衣藻的生理影响

研究了不同浓度壬基酚(nonylphenol)对莱茵衣藻(Chlamydormonas reinhardtii)生长、色素含量、抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化作用的影响.结果表明,随着ρ(壬基酚)(0～0.8 mg·L-1)的升高,莱茵衣藻的生长受到抑制,培养5d时0.8mg·L-1壬基酚处理组抑制率达到84.4％.叶绿素a含量随着壬基酚浓度的升高而呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,类胡萝卜素含量则逐渐降低,0.6 mg·L-1壬基酚处理组叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量分别比对照组下降16.7％和37.2％(P＜0.05);总可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)含量随壬基酚浓度的升高而呈下降趋势,0.4和0.6 mg·L-1壬基酚处理组这两个指标与对照组间差异均达显著水平(P＜0.05).超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随壬基酚浓度的增加而不断上升,至ρ(壬基酚)为0.6 mg·L 1时SOD和CAT活性极显著升高(P＜0.001),分别为对照组的25.0倍和32.1倍.还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量在一定浓度范围(0～0.2 mg·L-1)内随壬基酚浓度的升高而升高,当ρ(壬基酚)＞0.2mg·L-1时则下降,表明壬基酚胁迫可诱导GSH含量增加.     

2种植物秸秆浸提液对水绵生长的抑制作用

研究了不同质量浓度(4、8、12、16和20 mg·L-1)水稻(Oryza sativa)和再力花(Thalia dealbata)秸秆水浸提液对水绵(Spirogyra sp.)生长的抑制作用。结果显示,试验96 h后各处理组浸提液对水绵的生长均有抑制作用,随着浸提液浓度的增大,水绵细胞叶绿素a含量逐渐降低,显示出明显的剂量-效应关系。再力花ρ(96 h,EC50)为6.85 mg·L-1,水稻ρ(96 h,EC50)为11.27 mg·L-1,表明再力花秸秆浸提液对水绵的毒性强于水稻。水绵细胞中MDA累积含量与水稻浸提液浓度之间呈显著正相关(P0.01,r=0.977),与再力花浸提液浓度之间亦呈显著正相关(P0.01,r=0.964)。各浓度再力花浸提液处理组水绵细胞中MDA累积含量均高于水稻处理组。当ρ(浸提液)为20 mg·L-1时,再力花处理组MDA累积含量最高,达1.884μmol·g-1,比相同浓度水稻浸提液处理组MDA累积含量高105.20%;电解质外渗率也呈现基本相同的变化趋势,即除ρ(浸提液)为0和4 mg·L-1以外,其他4个再力花浸提液浓度组水绵电解质外渗率均高于相应浓度水稻浸提液组。水绵的PSⅡ最大光能转换效率(F v/F m)、PSⅡ实际光能转化效率(ΦPSⅡ)和最大电子传递效率(ηe,t,max)的变化与浸提液浓度之间均呈负相关关系。将ρ(浸提液)为20 mg·L-1时与0 mg·L-1时相比,水稻处理组水绵F v/F m下降96.58%,再力花处理组下降82.24%;水稻处理组水绵ΦPSⅡ下降96.74%,再力花处理组下降96.17%;水稻处理组水绵ηe,t,max下降84.56%,再力花处理组下降43.40%。上述结果表明这2种植物秸秆浸提液对控制水绵的生长具有一定的潜在价值。     

Achieving Open Access to Conservation Science

Conservation science is a crisis discipline in which the results of scientific enquiry must be made available quickly to those implementing management. We assessed the extent to which scientific research published since the year 2000 in 20 conservation science journals is publicly available. Of the 19,207 papers published, 1,667 (8.68%) are freely downloadable from an official repository. Moreover, only 938 papers (4.88%) meet the standard definition of open access in which material can be freely reused providing attribution to the authors is given. This compares poorly with a comparable set of 20 evolutionary biology journals, where 31.93% of papers are freely downloadable and 7.49% are open access. Seventeen of the 20 conservation journals offer an open access option, but fewer than 5% of the papers are available through open access. The cost of accessing the full body of conservation science runs into tens of thousands of dollars per year for institutional subscribers, and many conservation practitioners cannot access pay‐per‐view science through their workplace. However, important initiatives such as Research4Life are making science available to organizations in developing countries. We urge authors of conservation science to pay for open access on a per‐article basis or to choose publication in open access journals, taking care to ensure the license allows reuse for any purpose providing attribution is given. Currently, it would cost $51 million to make all conservation science published since 2000 freely available by paying the open access fees currently levied to authors. Publishers of conservation journals might consider more cost effective models for open access and conservation‐oriented organizations running journals could consider a broader range of options for open access to nonmembers such as sponsorship of open access via membership fees. Obtención de Acceso Abierto a la Ciencia de la Conservación     

Rapid,recurring, structured survey versus bioblitz for generating biodiversity data and analysis with a multispecies abundance model

A bioblitz inexpensively and quickly generates biodiversity data, but bioblitzes are often conducted with haphazard, unreplicated sampling. Results tend to be taxonomically, geographically, or temporally biased, lack metadata, and consist of lists of observed taxa that do not enable further analyses or correction for imperfect detection. A rapid, recurring, structured survey (RRSS) uses a structured sampling design and temporal and spatial replication to survey randomly selected sites on a conservation property. We participated in a loosely structured bioblitz and a subsequent RRSS at Big Canoe Creek Nature Preserve in Springville (St. Clair County), Alabama (USA) to compare observed richness derived from the 2 survey approaches. The RRSS data structure enabled us to fit models that accounted for imperfect detection to estimate abundances, occupancy probabilities, and habitat associations. The loosely structured bioblitz data could not be used in such models. We present a new integrated multispecies abundance model that we applied to avian RRSS data. Our model extension enables estimation for the community, employs data augmentation to estimate the number of undetected species, and incorporates covariates. The RRSS generated a more comprehensive and less biased list of observed taxonomic richness than the loosely structured bioblitz (e.g., 73 vs. 45 bird species and 104 vs. 63 insect families from the RRSS vs. loosely structured bioblitz, respectively). Models fit to the RRSS data identified seasonal patterns in avian community composition and allowed for estimation of habitat–occupancy relationships for insect taxa. The RRSS protocol has potential for broad transferability as a standardized, quick, and inexpensive way to inventory biodiversity and estimate ecological parameters while providing an outreach opportunity.     

Compliance with and ecosystem function of biodiversity offsets in North American and European freshwaters

Land-use change via human development is a major driver of biodiversity loss. To reduce these impacts, billions of dollars are spent on biodiversity offsets. However, studies evaluating offset project effectiveness that examine components such as the overall compliance and function of projects remain rare. We reviewed 577 offsetting projects in freshwater ecosystems that included the metrics project size, type of aquatic system (e.g., wetland and creek), offsetting measure (e.g., enhancement, restoration, and creation), and an assessment of the projects’ compliance and functional success. Project information was obtained from scientific and government databases and gray literature. Despite considerable investment in offsetting projects, crucial problems persisted. Although compliance and function were related to each other, a high level of compliance did not guarantee a high degree of function. However, large projects relative to area had better function than small projects. Function improved when projects targeted productivity or specific ecosystem features and when multiple complementary management targets were in place. Restorative measures were more likely to achieve targets than creating entirely new ecosystems. Altogether the relationships we found highlight specific ecological processes that may help improve offsetting outcomes.     

Some polyphagous Homoptera gain protection from their natural enemies by feeding on the toxic plantsSpartium junceum andErythrina corallodendrum (Leguminosae)

Summary Interactions were studied among alkaloid-containing legumes (Erythrina corallodendrum andSpartium junceum) and non-toxic plants (Citrus sinensis, Cucurbita moschata andEuphorbia tirucalli), several polyphagous homopterans,Aphis craccivora (Aphididae),Icerya purchasi, I. aegyptiaca (Margarodidae),Lepidosaphes ulmi (Diaspididae) andPlanococcus citri (Pseudococcidae), and some major natural enemies of these homopterans. Significant reductions in survival due to negative effects of alkaloid containing as compared with non-alkaloidal plants were recorded for the predatorsRodolia cardinalis andChilocorus bipustulatus, but not forCryptolaemus montrouzieri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae),Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) andSympherobius sanctus (Neuroptera: Sympherobiidae). The development time of the larvae or pupae ofR. cardinalis, C. carnea andS. sanctus was longer on the toxic plants than on the non-toxic ones. The percentage of parasitism ofA. craccivora collected from the non-alkaloidal plantsVicia palaestina andMelilotus albus was much higher than that onS. junceum. The parasitoid complexes ofA. craccivora differed between both plant groups. The nutritive value of honeydew ofI. purchasi andA. craccivora, as expressed by the life span ofEncyrtus infelix (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) adults, was also investigated. Life spans were significantly longer when the wasps fed on honeydew produced on non-alkaloidal plants (C. sinensis andPittosporum tobira) than on alkaloid containing plants whenI. purchasi — but notA. craccivora — was the producer. It is suggested that the chemical defense ofE. corallodendrum andS. junceum is exploited by polyphagous phytophages to reduce predation. In nature, population growth and density of four of the investigated homopterans are conspicuously high when they developed on the alkaloid containing plant species, and very low on non-alkaloid plants. The efficiency of their natural enemies may be reduced by sequestration of alkaloids (or other toxic plant compounds) or their transfer into excreted honeydew. Therefore it is assumed that a generalist phytophagous homopteran may be protected from its natural enemies, although at different rates of efficiency, if it can safely sequester the host allelochemical when it develops on toxic species within its host range.     

A palaeo-hydrogeological model for arsenic contamination in southern and south-east Asia

An argument is presented in which areas of natural arsenic contamination of modern groundwaters throughout Asia have a common origin. Arsenic originally accumulated in oceanic ferro-manganoan sediments of the eastern Palaeo-Tethys. This was further concentrated through oceanic crustal extinction in what later became the south-east Chinese accreted mineralised terrain. Proto-Himalayan uplift of this area created the palaeo-drainage systems of the Ganges – Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Red Rivers, with consequent headwater erosion of arsenic-rich sediments. Their downstream deposition as immature and easily redistributed Neogene sandstones, silts, and iron-rich clays has created secondary and tertiary reservoirs of adsorbed and authigenic arsenic, from which the current arsenic-rich groundwaters have evolved. Considering river basins within the above palaeo-hydrogeological framework provides a basis for assessing the risk of arsenic in groundwater basins of south and south-eastern Asia.     

Sequestration of cucurbitacin analogs by New and Old World chrysomelid leaf beetles in the tribe Luperini

Summary Two South American polyphagous leaf beetles,Diabrotica speciosa andCerotoma arcuata, selectively accumulated the bitter tasting compound 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin D in their body after ingesting root tissues of cucurbit plants. Similarly, three Asian Cucurbitaceae-feeding specialists in the genusAulacophora were found to sequester the same compound. Cucurbitacin analogs were shown to deter feeding by a bird predator, indicating an allomonal role for these compounds in cucurbitacin-associated chrysomelid leaf beetles both of New and Old Worlds. The strong affinity to cucurbitacins, selective sequestration of the analogs and consequent protection from predators suggested an ecological adaptation mechanism developed in common among these two geographically isolated subtribes in the Luperini.     

Threats to intact tropical peatlands and opportunities for their conservation

Large, intact areas of tropical peatland are highly threatened at a global scale by the expansion of commercial agriculture and other forms of economic development. Conserving peatlands on a landscape scale, with their hydrology intact, is of international conservation importance to preserve their distinctive biodiversity and ecosystem services and maintain their resilience to future environmental change. We explored threats to and opportunities for conserving remaining intact tropical peatlands; thus, we excluded peatlands of Indonesia and Malaysia, where extensive deforestation, drainage, and conversion to plantations means conservation in this region can protect only small fragments of the original ecosystem. We focused on a case study, the Pastaza‐Marañón Foreland Basin (PMFB) in Peru, which is among the largest known intact tropical peatland landscapes in the world and is representative of peatland vulnerability. Maintenance of the hydrological conditions critical for carbon storage and ecosystem function of peatlands is, in the PMFB, primarily threatened by expansion of commercial agriculture linked to new transport infrastructure that is facilitating access to remote areas. There remain opportunities in the PMFB and elsewhere to develop alternative, more sustainable land‐use practices. Although some of the peatlands in the PMFB fall within existing legally protected areas, this protection does not include the most carbon‐dense (domed pole forest) areas. New carbon‐based conservation instruments (e.g., REDD+, Green Climate Fund), developing markets for sustainable peatland products, transferring land title to local communities, and expanding protected areas offer pathways to increased protection for intact tropical peatlands in Amazonia and elsewhere, such as those in New Guinea and Central Africa which remain, for the moment, broadly beyond the frontier of commercial development.     

Effects of Controlled Fire and Livestock Grazing on Bird Communities in East African Savannas

Abstract: In East Africa fire and grazing by wild and domestic ungulates maintain savannas, and pastoralists historically set fires and herded livestock through the use of temporary corrals called bomas. In recent decades traditional pastoral practices have declined, and this may be affecting biodiversity. We investigated the effects of prescribed fires and bomas on savanna bird communities in East Africa during the first and second dry seasons of the year (respectively before and after the rains that mark the onset of breeding for most birds). We compared abundance, richness, and community composition on 9‐ha burned plots, recently abandoned bomas, and control plots in the undisturbed matrix habitat over a 3‐year period. Generally, recently burned areas and abandoned bomas attracted greater densities of birds and had different community assemblages than the surrounding matrix. The effects of disturbances were influenced by interactions between primary productivity, represented by the normalized difference vegetation index, and time. Bird densities were highest and a greater proportion of species was observed on burned plots in the months following the fires. Drought conditions equalized bird densities across treatments within 1 year, and individuals from a greater proportion of species were more commonly observed on abandoned bomas. Yearly fluctuations in abundance were less pronounced on bomas than on burns, which indicate that although fire may benefit birds in the short term, bomas may have a more‐lasting positive effect and provide resources during droughts. Several Palearctic migrants were attracted to burned plots regardless of rainfall, which indicates continued fire suppression may threaten their already‐declining populations. Most notably, the paucity of birds observed on the controls suggests that the current structure of the matrix developed as a result of fire suppression. Traditional pastoralism appears critical to the maintenance of avian diversity in these savannas.     

Cost‐effective conservation of an endangered frog under uncertainty

How should managers choose among conservation options when resources are scarce and there is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of actions? Well‐developed tools exist for prioritizing areas for one‐time and binary actions (e.g., protect vs. not protect), but methods for prioritizing incremental or ongoing actions (such as habitat creation and maintenance) remain uncommon. We devised an approach that combines metapopulation viability and cost‐effectiveness analyses to select among alternative conservation actions while accounting for uncertainty. In our study, cost‐effectiveness is the ratio between the benefit of an action and its economic cost, where benefit is the change in metapopulation viability. We applied the approach to the case of the endangered growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis), which is threatened by urban development. We extended a Bayesian model to predict metapopulation viability under 9 urbanization and management scenarios and incorporated the full probability distribution of possible outcomes for each scenario into the cost‐effectiveness analysis. This allowed us to discern between cost‐effective alternatives that were robust to uncertainty and those with a relatively high risk of failure. We found a relatively high risk of extinction following urbanization if the only action was reservation of core habitat; habitat creation actions performed better than enhancement actions; and cost‐effectiveness ranking changed depending on the consideration of uncertainty. Our results suggest that creation and maintenance of wetlands dedicated to L. raniformis is the only cost‐effective action likely to result in a sufficiently low risk of extinction. To our knowledge we are the first study to use Bayesian metapopulation viability analysis to explicitly incorporate parametric and demographic uncertainty into a cost‐effective evaluation of conservation actions. The approach offers guidance to decision makers aiming to achieve cost‐effective conservation under uncertainty.