“九五”期间林业系统职工伤亡事故呈下降趋势

“九五”期间 ,全国林业系统职工伤亡事故共造成轻伤 12 2 84人次、重伤 12 30人次、死亡 90 3人 ,平均每年轻伤 2 4 5 7次、重伤 2 4 6人次、死亡 181人 ,分别比“八五”期间有统计数据的 1993～ 1995年的平均数减少 36.3%、2 0 .9%和 2 3.7%。同时 ,“九五”期间 ,林业系统职工伤亡事故基本上呈下降的趋势。轻伤职工由 1996年的 32 4 7人次减少到 2 0 0 0年的 1646人次 ,年均递减 15 .6% ;重伤职工由 1996年的 335人次减少到 2 0 0 0年的 2 0 1人次 ,年均递减12 .0 % ;死亡职工由 1996年的 2 0 4人减少到 2 0 0 0年的 180人 ,年均递减 3.1…     

北满特钢公司1996年职工伤亡事故分析及预防对策

1996年全公司共发生伤亡事故31件,其中死亡事故3起,死亡3人,重伤事故2起,重伤3人,轻伤事故26起,伤29人,总损失工作日18822个,事故造成经济损失7.2万元,千人死亡率0.19,千人重伤率0.19,千人负伤率2.00。 1996年重伤、轻伤事故控制在公司下达的指标范围内,与上年相比,重伤人数下降40％,轻伤人数下降27％。死亡事故和损失工作日有较大幅度上升。事故总数与去年相比下降32％。 1996年全公司伤亡事故总件数与1995年相比有所下降,但死亡事故有所上升。主要特点有以下几方面。 （1）起重伤害和物体打击事故多。发生起重伤害事故8起,死亡1人,重伤1人,轻伤6人,分别占死亡、重伤、轻伤事故的33％、33％和20.7％。发生物体打击事故7起,轻伤7人、占轻伤事故的24％。 （2）爆炸事故造成的事故比较严重。共发生两起爆炸事故,死亡1人,重伤2人,轻伤5人,分别占死亡、重伤、轻伤事故的33％、67％和17％,事故造成的损失工作日占全部损失工作日的34.5％。     

日本林业、木材与木制品业因工伤亡事故

日本劳动省对 1998年全国林业、木材与木制品业因工伤亡事故的调查统计表明 ,1998林业因工伤亡 (包括工伤休假 4天以上者 ) 30 89人、死亡 69人 ,分别比 1997年减少 3.2 %和增加 2 3.2 % ;因工伤亡的度数率和强度率分别为 5.4 7和 0 .0 7,分别比1997年减少 2 .14和 0 .0 6,分别比全国产业部门的度数率和强度率增加 3.75和减少 0 .0 7;千人伤害率为 2 8.5,其中有 70 %以上的受伤害林业工人的年龄超过 50岁 ,按工种分伐木工人占 50 %、集运材工人占 2 0 %。在因工伤亡事故中 ,有 4 2 .4 %的事故发生在森林组合 ,有 2 0 .7%的事故发生在 5～ 15…     

1996年福建省林业因工伤亡事故分析和预防措施

1996年福建省林业系统发生因工伤亡事故27起，死亡12人，重伤19人。死亡率为0．113％，重伤率为0．179‰。与1995年对比事故数上升12．5％，死亡人数上升100％，重伤人数下降9．53％。1事故分析1．1按事故类别分物体打击类8起，死亡3人，重伤5人，分别占总数的29、23％、25％、26．32％；高处坠落类5起，死亡1人，重伤4人，分别是占总数的18．52％、8．33％、21．05％；起重、车辆伤害类5起，死亡2人，重伤3人，分别占总数的18．52％、16．67％、15．79％；机械伤害类3起，重伤3人分别占总数的11．11％、15．79％；火灾类2起，死亡4人，重伤…     

1997年福建省林业职工伤亡事故分析和防范措施

1997年福建省共发生林业职工伤亡事故21起,死亡5人,重伤17人。死亡率为0.048‰,重伤率为0.163‰。死亡和重伤分别占目标管理控制指标的33.33％和77.77％。 1 事故分析 1.1 与上年度比较分析 事故减少6起,下降22.22％:死亡减少     

1998年全国伤亡事故情况

国家经贸委最近向全国通报了１９９８年全国伤亡事故情况。　　１９９８年全国安全生产形势平稳,人员伤亡事故呈下降趋势。但是,各地安全生产发展不平衡,有些事故还比较严重。　　１９９８年工矿企业发生职工伤亡事故１５３７２起,死亡１４６６０人,重伤５６２３人,轻伤２２３２人,比上年分别下降１６．６３％、１６．５１％、９．２７％和１４．６２％。其中矿山企业事故５６７４起,死亡９２２１人,重伤１１２２人,轻伤１８７人,比上年分别下降２３．７１％、１８．１５％、２３．０５％和３．８９％;非矿山企业事故９６９８起…     

一冶建筑安装公司伤亡事故规律浅析

冶金建筑安装公司的工作特点是点多面广,工作条件和环境羌,如高处作业及在高温高压、易燃易爆环境下工作等。1959～1989年,我公司共发生各种因工伤亡事故2164人次,其中死亡30人,占事故总数的1.38％;重伤74人,占事故总数的34％;轻伤事故2060人次,占事故总数的95.2％。其中,     

1998年福建省林业职工伤亡事故分析和防范措施

据统计,１９９８年全省共发生林业职工伤亡事故２４起,死亡９人,重伤１６人。其中,因工伤亡事故２２起,死亡７人,重伤１５人,千人死亡率和重伤率分别为０．０７２‰、０．１５４‰;因工死亡和重伤人数分别占控制指标的４７．６７％、６８．１８％。１事故分析１．...     

2004年1～10月大钢企业伤亡事故情况通报

据全国大铜安全协作会统计，2004年1～10月37家成员单位共发生伤亡事故1192起，其中：死亡55起、重伤69起、轻伤1068起；伤亡事故人数1236人，其中：死亡55人、重伤71人，轻伤1120人；千人负伤率0．8392，千人死亡率0．0373，千人重伤率0.0482。发生的伤亡事故共造成直接经济损失1512．5万元，损失工作日521997工日。     

2002年日本职业事故分类

1　工业死亡数据分类与2 0 0 1年相比,2 0 0 2年日本职业事故死亡人数减少132人(7.4 %)。其中,制造业死亡人数减少5 1人(15 .6 %) ;建筑业死亡人数减少37人(5 .7%) ;陆上运输死亡人数减少7人(2 .9%)。2 0 0 2年日本工业事故死亡人数共16 5 8人,其中,建筑业死亡人数6 0 7人,占整个工业事故死亡人数的36 .6 %;制造业死亡2 75人,占16 .6 %;陆上运输死亡2 34人,占14 .1%;林业死亡4 9人,占3.0 %;交通运输死亡35人,占2 .1%;采矿业死亡17人,占1.0 %;港口装卸业死亡15人,占0 .9%;其它行业死亡4 2 6人,占2 5 .7%。2 　工业伤亡数据分类2 0 0 2年日本…     

Gender differences in DUI offenders in treatment in Texas

OBJECTIVE: This is a study of 8,464 adult women and 21,155 adult males who entered substance abuse treatment in Texas between 2000 and 2005. Participants were either on probation for driving under the influence (DUI), were referred to treatment by DUI probation, or had been arrested for DUI in the past year. METHODS: The female and male clients were compared on demographic characteristics, substance use patterns, DSM-IV diagnoses, and levels of impairment. T tests and chi square tests were used to determine significance and multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of completing treatment and being abstinent at follow-up. RESULTS: The proportion of females who were sent to treatment as a result of DUI increased from 27% in 2000 to 32% in 2005. Females were significantly more likely than males to be White (73% vs. 56%), to have used substances a shorter period of time (17 vs. 19 years), to be seeking custody to regain their children (11% vs. 2%), to meet the DSM criteria for drug dependence (32% vs. 23%), to have injected drugs (31% vs. 23%), to have used substances daily (42% vs. 40%), to have a depressive disorder (16% vs. 7%) or bipolar disorder (12% vs. 5%), and to be have been in treatment before (60% vs. 49%). In contrast, males were more likely to be alcohol dependent (49% vs. 44%). Females were less likely to complete treatment (67% vs. 72%) and reported significantly more days of problems on the 6 domains of the ASI at both admission and at 60-day follow-up. Furthermore, at follow-up, they were more likely to be living with someone who abused alcohol or used drugs (9% vs.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Although females comprised only 29% of the DUI treatment admissions, they were more impaired and experienced more problems than their male counterparts. The findings indicate that additional resources, including treatment for co-occurring mental health problems and living in sober households, may be keys to helping these women achieve abstinence and prevent additional DUI episodes.     

Trends in chemical hazards in Japan

In the past, the chemical industry in Japan has been the cause of a number of major industrial accidents. Subsequent to each accident, specific lessons have been learned. These lessons learned have been implemented in terms of safety education of the employees and/or safety measures of the equipment and facilities resulting in a rapid decrease of corresponding accident frequencies. In this paper, we summarized both recent and past major accidents caused by chemical substances in fixed installations in Japan. Case studies show that runaway reactions are among the main causes of major accident occurrences in the chemical process industry in Japan. A recent fatal poisoning accident caused by H₂S gas generated during maintenance work again highlights the necessity of adequate safety management in a chemical factory. Therefore, even if hazard evaluation of chemical substances and chemical processes is necessary to prevent runaway reactions, human error is also an important factor contributing to reaction hazards [Wakakura, M. (1997) Human factor in chemical accidents, J. Safety Eng. High Press. Gas. Safety Inst. Japan, 34, 846].     

我国非煤矿山安全生产的差距

从我国非煤矿山安全生产立法、安全生产管理体制、监察执法、群众监督、宣传教育、科研、矿山企业等方面与国外矿业进行了对比分析，分析了我国非煤矿山存在的问题以及与国外的差距，最后分析了产生问题与差距的原因。     

Violence in the workplaces in Finland

The aim of this study was to describe violence in Finnish workplaces by comparing it with leisure-time violence. The data were derived from 13,762 interviews made from a representative sample of the Finnish population in 1988. The subjects were asked to report all the violent incidents they had encountered during the previous 12 months. There were 394 victims of violence in workplaces, that is, 40.6 victims per 1,000 workers. The rate of occupational violence was almost identical for males (40.6) and females (40.5). The most hazardous occupations were prison guard, police officer, and mental health nurse. The main reasons for violence at work were related to refusal of an authority's order to go away or to the relationship between doctor or nurse and patient. A typical assailant was an unaccompanied man who was under the influence of alcohol.     

Trends in occupational hygiene in Finland

The aim of this work is to evaluate and describe the current status of, and prospects for, the future of occupational hygiene in Finland. The main sources of information include a seminar held in the annual meeting of Finnish Occupational Hygiene Society and interviews with different stakeholders. Nanotechnology and other new materials, changing work environments, circular economy including green jobs, new medical methods and advances of construction methods were recognized as future challenges. Future work opportunities for occupational hygiene experts included exposure assessments in indoor air surveys, private consulting and entrepreneurship in general, international activities and product safety issues. Unclear topics needing more attention in the future were thought to be in new exposures, sensitive persons, combined effects, skin exposures and applicability of personal protective equipment. Occupational hygiene should broaden its view; occupational hygienists should have to cooperate with other specialists and grasp new challenges.     

WTO与中国安全生产

新世纪之始,中国将要迈进世界贸易组织（ＷＴＯ）。在入世的过程中,与美国为首的发达国家之间始终存在着阻挠与反阻挠、限制与反限制的斗争,目前虽已告一段落,但远未结束。可以预见,中国加入ＷＴＯ之后,斗争非但不会停止,甚至可能会更复杂、更激烈。这场经济、贸易斗争实际上还有着深刻的政治与社会背景。最近几年,发达国家一直在努力使社会条款纳入世界经济贸易体系之中,在“关注发展中国家人权状况”的旗号下,反复提出“劳工标准”问题,即把本国安全生产问题与国际贸易挂钧。实际上这是“涂上绿色’”的贸易保护主义。中国是一…     

九月北京，国际盛会

第二届中国国际安全生产论坛于9月2日在人民大会堂开幕,国务委员、国务院秘书长华建敏,国家局局长王显政,国际劳工组织东亚地区局局长克里斯廷等领导参加开幕式     

在回顾中思考 在创新中发展

2008年,是中国的奥运之年,也是中国林科院建院50周年、哈尔滨林机所建所50周年、<林业劳动安全>杂志创刊20周年. <林业劳动安全>的诞生,为林业安全文化建设开辟了一片广袤的园地,为加强学术交流打开了一洞明亮的牕牖,为行业安全的发展提供了一块方正的铺路石……