论环境信息系统开发项目的若干问题

环境信息系统的开发是一项复杂的系统工程。本文对系统开发中的组织与管理，人才的培养与使用，系统开发的方式以及开发的一般过程进行了探讨，其目的是为避免系统开发中的盲目性，使系统的开发正规化，标准化。     

项目竣工环境保护验收废水监测中若干问题的探讨

针对项目竣工环境保护验收废水监测过程中常见的难点问题,结合实际工作经验,对其进行了剖析,并提出相应的解决办法。     

项目竣工环境保护验收监测报告编制中若干问题的探讨

对项目竣工环境保护验收监测报告编制中常见的难点问题进行了剖析,并给出相应的解决办法。     

城市轨道交通项目竣工环保验收声环境影响调查

本文分类介绍了城市轨道交通项目,通过分析城市轨道交通项目声环境影响特点,结合《建设项目竣工环境保护验收技术规范城市轨道交通》等文件要求,以天津市某快速轨道为例,详细说明了项目竣工环保验收中如何进行声环境影响调查、现状监测及其注意事项,可供同类项目参考。     

环境监测若干问题的探讨

本文从环境管理与监测的关系阐述了环境监测的地位、作用,监测为管现服务的内容,监测科研的方向及各类监测机构的职能关系.上述问题皆属关系到监测站发展、建设的大事,欢迎各级环境管理和监测部门的领导,工程技术人员对如何加强环境监测管理及环境监测管理的含义、内容、对象及其运行机制等进行深入探讨,以不断深化环境监测工作内容,完善环境监测管理,更好地为环境管理服务.     

水和废水中甲醇的测定方法探讨

甲醇作为溶剂在化工工业和实验室中广泛使用,但我国现阶段尚未明确规定甲醇的监测分析方法。本方法采用顶空/气相色谱法测定水和废水中甲醇的浓度,方法最低检出浓度为0.030 mg/L,无溶剂污染,不受乙醇、异丙醇等物质的干扰,结果准确,操作快捷方便,在日常监测任务中有很好的适用性。     

环境标准实施中的若干问题

探讨了目前环境标准在制订、发行、宣贯过程中存在的问题 ,并就规范环境标准发布、加强标准宣贯等提出建议     

自动顶空-气相色谱法测定水中甲醇的方法优化

从顶空进样器载气压力、顶空瓶压力、顶空瓶温度等方面对自动顶空-气相色谱法测定水中甲醇的方法进行了优化。该方法的灵敏度高于直接进样(水溶液)法、已有的顶空进样法,满足《空气和废气监测分析方法》(第4版)中吸收液中甲醇检出限0.4 mg/L的要求。     

动态顶空气相色谱法测定水中的痕量甲醇

采用动态顶空气相色谱法对水中痕量甲醇进行了定量测定.使用GDX-401吸附柱对水体中甲醇作气提富集,130℃下解吸,色谱柱5%DNP涂在GDX-101 80～100目担体上,玻璃柱2m×3mm.FID检测器,外标法定量,回收率为95.96%～103.45%,变异系数为1.48%～10.81%.     

甲醇气体标准样品的研制

介绍了甲醇气体标准样品的制备和定值方法,考察采用重量法制备氮气中甲醇标准气体样品的重现性、标准气体的均匀性和稳定性.试验表明,甲醇气体标准样品在气瓶内均匀性良好,在12个月研制期间没有不稳定趋势.摩尔分数为149.2×10-6甲醇气体标准样品,扩展不确定度为3%,能够满足环境污染源废气中甲醇气体监测的要求.     

建设项目环境影响评价现状监测应注意的若干问题

建设项目环境影响评价现状监测是环境影响评价的基础,环评结论是否可信,在很大程度上取决于环境现状监测的代表性、公正性和准确性。结合工作经验,本文提出当前环评现状监测时应注意的几个问题。     

A Watershed-based Cumulative Risk Impact Analysis: Environmental Vulnerability and Impact Criteria

Swine Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) have received much attention in recent years. As a result, a watershed-based screening tool, the Cumulative Risk Index Analysis (CRIA), was developed to assess the cumulative impacts of multiple CAFO facilities in a watershedsubunit. The CRIA formula calculates an index number based on: 1) the area of one or more facilities compared to the area of the watershed subunit, 2) the average of the environmental vulnerability criteria, and 3) the average of the industry-specific impact criteria. Each vulnerability or impact criterion is ranked on a 1 to 5 scale, with a low rank indicating low environmental vulnerability or impact and a high rank indicating high environmental vulnerability or impact. The individual criterion ranks, as well as the total CRIA score, can be used to focus the environmental analysis and facilitate discussions with industry, public, and other stakeholders in the Agency decision-making process.     

Environmental Monitoring and Impact Assessment of a Solid Waste Disposal Site

The objective of this study is an attempt to conduct an environmentalmonitoring and impact assessment of the On-Nooch solid waste disposal sitein Bangkok, Thailand. Four water and five air sampling stations (2 upwindand 3 downwind directions) were established at the site. Grab water samplesfrom leachate treatment plant and Khlong Song Hong, a nearby stream, werecollected during the rainy and dry seasons. Analytical results of the wastewater discharged by the leachate treatment plant, during dry season showedchemical oxygen demand: 618 mg/l; biochemical oxygen demand: 80 mg/l;suspended solid: 101 mg/l; Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen: 283 mg/l, which werestill higher than standard limit for effluents in Thailand. During the dryseason, results also showed widespread heavy metal pollution from leachate(chromium: 1.03 mg/l; manganese: 1.07 mg/l; mercury: 0.025 mg/l) and werehigher than the allowable level of heavy metals for the Industrial EffluentStandard in Thailand. The direct discharge of untreated leachate into inlandwater will cause considerable water pollution in the study area. Compositeair samples in this study area were collected during the rainy and dryseasons and were analyzed for methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide(CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide(SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) andsuspended particulate matter (SPM). The average concentration of SPM rangedbetween 0.1–0.36 mg/m³ for 24-hour average, dependingupon the season. The level of CH₄ and CO₂ inthe ambient air of the study area were found to be 3.48–65.71mg/m³ and 886-1758 mg/m³ respectively which weremuch higher than the normal concentration of CH₄ andCO₂ in the air (CH₄: 2.41 mg/m³;CO₂: 585 mg/m³). Hence, adverse health andenvironmental effects could be expected from water and air pollution.     

小型燃煤锅炉与燃油(气)锅炉的环境影响及运行费用比较分析

从环境经济学的角度,对一般常用的小型燃煤锅炉与燃油(气)锅炉的环境影响及运行费用进行了比较分析。     

Use of Satellite Imagery as Environmental Impact Assessment Tool: A case Study from the Nw Egyptian Red Sea Coastal Zone

Knowledge and detecting impacts of human activities on the coastal ecosystem is an essential management requirement and also very important for future and proper planning of coastal areas. Moreover, documentation of these impacts can help in increasing public awareness about side effects of unsustainable practices. Analysis of multidate remote sensing data can be used as an effective tool in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Being synoptic and frequent in coverage, multidate data from Landsat and other satellites provide a reference record and bird’s eye viewing to the environmental situation of the coastal ecosystem and the associated habitats. Furthermore, integration of satellite data with field observations and background information can help in decision if a certain activity has caused deterioration to a specific habitat or not. The present paper is an attempt to utilize remote sensing data for assessment impacts of some human activities on the major sensitive habitats of the NW Egyptian Red Sea coastal zone, definitely between Ras Gemsha and Safaga. Through multidate change analysis of Landsat data (TM & ETM+ sensors), it was possible to depict some of the human infringements in the area and to provide, in some cases, exclusive evidences for the damaging effect of some developmental activities.     

Identification and Classification of Key Variables and their Role in Environmental Impact Assessment: Methodology and Software Package Intra

There is, as yet, no proven methodology to enable, objectively,the identification of key parameters out of a large number one normally encounters during any EIA. As EIA is a costly and time-consuming exercise, it is necessary to separate the man from the boys – so to speak – in order to optimize costs andefforts.In this paper a methodology for distinguishing the moreimportant parameters from the less important ones, developed byus, is described. The methodology aims at identifying andshortlisting the key parameters which ought to be studied in agiven EIA situation, thereby helping in reducing time, effort,and cost of EIA. With this methodology a system structure is developed whichgives hierarchical pattern of inter-parameter interaction, andreveals several distinguishing features of each parameter. Asoftware package INTRA (INTer-parameter Relationship Analysis)based on this methodology, has been developed. The paper alsodescribes a case study in which INTRA has been used to study theenvironmental impacts of urbanization of a typical third worldtown (Roorkee).     

浅谈赤峰市矿产开发的环境问题及其对策

阐述了赤峰地区在矿产开发中存在的环境问题,并提出了一系列相应的措施,为政府在开发矿产资源、发展经济的同时,处理好经济与环境的关系提供了参考依据。     

关于宁夏环境监测工作存在问题及其对策的研究

通过认真、细致的分析环境监测工作存在的主要问题,提出了宁夏监测工作创新发展的思想与建议。     

乌鲁木齐市建设项目环境管理现状及对策探讨

通过剖析乌鲁木齐市建设项目环境管理工作现状,从审批权限分工管理、审批人员业务素质及环境保护与城市规划协调发展等方面,找出制约建设项目环境管理的瓶颈,并提出加强和提高建设项目环境管理工作质量的途径和对策.