装饰装修住宅室内有机污染物调查及防治研究

通过对天津市装饰装修住宅室内甲醛、总挥发性有机化合物TVOC进行调查取样和检测,分析了该地区装饰装修住宅中有机污染物的污染特征,研究了家居装饰装修材料、人员主观感觉、气象条件、自然通风治理对室内甲醛、TVOC状况的影响。结果表明:天津市装饰装修住宅室内甲醛、TVOC的超标率分别为30.19%、28.28%;人员主观感觉室内甲醛疑似有和明显有时,其超标率已到42%以上;厨房人造板材平均承载量为0.61 m2/m3时,甲醛和TVOC超标率分别为42.86%、41.67%;天津市装饰装修住宅室内有机污染物具有季节性分布特征,甲醛在6月~8月期间内的超标率均在75%以上,TVOC污染物在1月、2月超标率均为100%、3月超标率达87%。     

野营房室内空气质量问题的初步探讨

文章通过对通用住宿野营房室内环境主要污染物的确定和测定值的分析,得出住宿野营房室内环境主要污染物甲醛、苯和总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)三项中,总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)浓度超标严重;在现有装饰装修材料水平状况下,使用前和使用中,要加强室内空气流通,降低室内环境污染物的浓度。     

现代家居装修过程中污染物动态分布研究——以西安市为例

通过对西安市长安区民用住宅装修过程中室内空气中的甲醛、氨、TVOC和苯进行连续采样和测量,分析其浓度的动态变化趋势.测定结果表明,装修过程中室内空气中的四种污染物均存在不同程度的超标现象,苯超标最为严重,最大超标倍数为12倍,甲醛最大超标1.43倍、氨最大超标0.985倍、TVOC最大超标6.65倍;TVOC和苯呈r=0.963,P=0.01的高度相关性.装修过程中,室内空气质量多为重污染.     

装修污染你该怎么做

近年来室内装修中使用的材料越来越多、越来越复杂，导致与装修材料相伴随的有害物质也随之增加。而人一生中的绝大部分时间要在室内环境中度过，所以室内空气质量的好坏与我们的健康密切相关。一项科研成果表明，室内空气的污染程度一般要比室外严重2～5倍，在特殊情况下可达到100倍，室内空气污染已被认定为危害公共健康的5类环境因素之一。室内装修污染物，主要包括各种装修材料散发的甲醛、苯、TVOC、甲苯、二甲苯、氨气、氡气等。     

住宅装修室内环境污染状况调查

随着国家经济发展和人民生活水平、生活质量的不断提高,人们更加注重在住房装饰装修上的金钱投入以圆梦中家居。但是,由于现实生活环境的多方因素制约,伴随住宅装修过程形成的室内环境污染也给人们希望获得健康环保的高质量生活带来严重影响。通过对新装修住宅（客厅、主卧室、次卧室）进行室内环境污染检测,获得了非常有益的实测数据。通过统计分析该数据,发现新装修住宅室内空气中的甲醛、苯及TVOC存在普遍超标,且有的情况非常严重,应当引起人们的高度关注。为此建议：装修时要明确目的,树立环保理念,综合规划设计;注意材料质量优选控制污染源头,加强施工监督和检测验收;对污染超标住宅采取必要的治理措施,加强室内通风换气,室内空气质量检测达标后才居住使用,确保居室环境的健康环保。     

家具环境污染诉讼实践中的常见问题及对策建议

随着人们生活条件的改善和装修观念的变化,家具污染室内环境已经成为继建筑污染,装修污染后的室内环境污染的新问题,成为室内环境的三大污染源之一。2003年度北京市工商局投诉举报中心公布的十大投诉热点中,家具质量问题已经跃居北京市全年消费者投诉量榜首,主要问题是“一些家具使用劣质的板材、涂料,造成有害物质超标、异味刺鼻”。而家具类环境污染纠纷的实际处理,无论是选择行政调解还是司法救济途径,由于相关法律和科技标准的欠缺和不衔接,以及人们对家具类环保问题的重视程度不足等,使得实际操作层面上,     

多孔材料对车用聚丙烯材料VOC问题的改善

通过考察不同类型的多孔材料对白油蒸汽的吸附能力,选择高效的多孔材料作为VOC吸附剂添加到车用聚丙烯材料中,测试经过改性后材料的TVOC含量,结果表明:多孔材料有效地吸附了聚丙烯及加工过程中产生的长链烷烃,并在测试温度下不会解吸附,从而使得材料的TVOC含量达到客户的标准要求。     

新装修居室甲醛、总挥发性有机物浓度变化规律分析

通过对乌鲁木齐市新装修居室空气连续6个月的追踪监测,分析新装修居室甲醛、总挥发性有机物浓度的动态变化规律。结果表明,室内甲醛的浓度随装修竣工后时间的增加呈现降低趋势,但到第6个月为止,绝大部分住户室内空气甲醛浓度依然超标。总挥发性有机物的浓度降低趋势较为明显,到第5个月时,绝大部分住户室内空气总挥发性有机物浓度达到国家标准限值的要求。室内空气甲醛浓度的降低是一个长期缓慢的过程,居室内甲醛污染对人体健康的危害应引起人们的足够重视。     

室内环境污染——您身边的“隐形杀手”

精致的装修能给人安逸舒适的感觉,可各种含有化学成份的装饰材料却不可避免地带来室内环境污染。在生活水平日益提高的今天,室内环境污染已成为现代人生活中的隐形杀手。今天,本刊就室内环境污染的起因、危害与防治等相关问题采访了安徽省环境监测中心站站长、高级工程师黄建树。问:什么是室内环境污染?答:近年来,随着经济的发展,生活水平有了明显的提高,人们对居住和办公场所的装修要求也越来越高,装修和建筑所采用的材料特别是化学合成材料越来越多,家用电器设备也越来越多。人们在这些建筑物内居住或工作时间一长,就会不同程度地出现一些…     

广州市居民室内环境污染防护意识现状调查及对策分析

针对广州市室内环境污染较为严重的现状，调查了新入住广州市各区新建楼盘的不同行业和不同文化层次的居民对室内环境污染现状的认识水平和重视程度。调查结果显示居民对室内污染防护意识较高，有86．8％的人意识到存在室内环境污染问题；但约2/3的人在房屋装修后未满半年即入住；77．6％的人装修新居时会选用环保型材料及工艺；有40．8％的被访者愿意接受相关的室内环境污染检测；显示环保装修材料、消除室内污染的产品和室内环境污染检测服务有巨大的潜在市场。本文通过对调查结果的分析，提出相应的减少室内环境污染危害和提高人们防护意识的对策。     

Determination of total volatile organic compound emissions from furniture polishes

In this study, an environmental test chamber with controlled temperature, relative humidity, and airflow rate was developed to evaluate emissions of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) from three different kinds of furniture polish. The time dependence of TVOC concentrations produced from the emissions of furniture polish products in the chamber was tested. TVOC emissions from each furniture polish were compared. The main volatile organic compounds emitted from each polish were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A double-exponential equation was developed to evaluate the characteristics of emissions of TVOCs from these furniture polish products. With this double-exponential model, the physical processes of TVOC emissions can be explained. A variety of emission parameters can be calculated. These emission parameters could be used to estimate real indoor TVOC concentrations.     

Characterization of total volatile organic compound emissions from paints

Recently, Homeswest in Western Australia and Murdoch University developed a project to construct low allergen houses (LAH) in a newly developed suburb. All potential volatile organic compound (VOC) emission materials used in LAH are required to be measured before the construction of LAH, to ensure they are low VOCs emission materials. To protect people sensitive to exposure to VOCs it is important to evaluate and select low VOCs emitting paints. In this paper, therefore, twelve different paints provided by local manufacturers were selected for analysis to characterize total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) emissions. Emissions of TVOCs from six organic solvent-soluble paints and six water-soluble paints were evaluated using a small test chamber under controlled temperature, relative humidity and air exchange rates. The major volatile organic compounds in these paints were also identified. The time dependence of TVOC emissions from paint products in the chamber was evaluated. TVOC emissions from organic solvent-soluble and water-soluble paints were compared. The influence of air exchange rate on the TVOC concentrations emitted from organic solvent-soluble and water-soluble paints was also investigated. A double-exponential equation was used to evaluate emission characteristics of TVOC from paint products. With this double-exponential model, the physical processes of TVOC emissions can be explained. A variety of emission parameters can be calculated and used to estimate real indoor TVOCs concentrations.     

不同气温条件下室内甲醛污染特性的探讨

用酚试剂分光光度法（GB／F18204．26—2000）对装修后室内空气中的甲醛进行测定。通过一年多的实测表明：气温在13.0℃-24．0℃范围内，测试结果的超标率为27．8％，测试结果均值为0．077mg／m^3，气温在25．0℃-30．0℃范围内，测试结果的超标率为78．1％，测试结果均值为0．270mg／m^3，两个温度段超标率相差2．8倍多，测试结果均值相差3．5倍多。室内空气中甲醛浓度与室内温度呈线性关系，表明气温对室内空气中甲醛的释放量有明显的影响。     

秦皇岛室内甲醛污染现状调查及其防控

选取典型小区,对秦皇岛市室内甲醛污染现状进行了调查,调查结果表明秦皇岛市住宅内甲醛污染严重,并将全过程控制理论应用于住宅装修过程中,有效降低了室内甲醛污染,提出了通过通风、选材、加温加湿、负离子功能产品、室内净化设施等多种措施来有效控制室内甲醛污染。     

Influence of vertical greening design of building opening on indoor cooling and ventilation

This study focused on greening designs for building openings. Field experimentation was conducted and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used for simulation in order to analyze the influence of different greening design modes on indoor temperature. A greening design mode suitable for the opening of houses in Kaohsiung was proposed. This study took an architectural space with a pitched roof as the experimental site, where the main variable was the location of the plant facade outside the opening, and the distance between the plant and wall surface, as well as the number of plant layers, was the control variable. A plant (Rose of China) was selected for experimentation, and the indoor temperature distributions under various research module settings were discussed by numerical simulation. The conclusions are described, as follows: (1) The air temperature would be affected by the plants, and the indoor air temperature is reduced (over 0.5°C without direct sunshine in this study). (The difference between the indoor cooling effects with and without plants was 0.89~1.11°C. (2) While the cooling effect of the double-layer plant on indoor air temperature was better than a single-layer plant, the difference was limited and not proportional. (3) The plants should be located as close to the opening as possible, and be arranged partially sparse and partially dense. (4) When the outside wind speed is low, plant greening is highly recommended for cooling.     

室内甲醛污染影响因素的多元回归分析

本文在室内甲醛质量守恒定律基本公式合理推导的基础上,对影响甲醛浓度的主要因素做了正交实验。对实验数据进行多元回归分析,建立室内甲醛浓度预测模型。对模型做检验,检验结果表明,本文的预测模型能较好地预测室内空气中的甲醛浓度。