做好幼小衔接工作的有效策略

<正>孩子从幼儿园到小学是一个重要的转折。升入小学意味着一个人的求学生涯正式开始,因此,幼小衔接工作我们要加倍的重视,本文就浅谈了对幼小衔接工作的几点看法。一、合理制订幼小衔接的工作计划,使衔接意识得到增强任何活动的实施都要有计划在先,计划是活动能够有序进行的保障。基于此,我们在学期初经过深入的讨论制定出幼小衔接的     

幼小衔接视角下小学一年级儿童适应性现状调查——以张掖市甘州区小学与幼儿园为例

幼儿园教育和小学教育是对儿童进行启蒙教育的两个相邻但又存在较大差异的阶段。如何进行幼小衔接,使幼儿顺利适应小学的学习和生活,是幼儿园和小学共同关注的问题。对此,本文通过问卷调查、访谈等方法,对幼儿进入小学后的适应现状进行了调查,调查分析了张掖市小学一年级儿童的总体适应情况,并对其原因进行了系统分析。     

重视幼儿语言培养 创新语言设计教学

21世纪的今天,家长更重视孩子的幼儿教育。幼儿园教育是幼儿智力发展的黄金时期,是培养孩子语言能力和思维能力的关键时期,幼儿在幼儿园的学习为幼儿以后的发展打下坚实的基础,对幼儿的成长来说是非常重要的,因此,幼儿园的教育受到社会各界广泛的关注。主要对幼儿园语言教学进行研究,采取科学的方式对幼儿进行语言教育,为幼儿的将来打好基础。     

试析情感教育在小学语文课堂教学中的实施

<正>随着素质教育的深入开展,在关注孩子身心健康发展的过程中,如何实现小学语文课堂教学中情感教育的有效实施是语文教育教学的重要内容。教育心理学研究表明,小学生的智力因素和非智力因素之间具有内在的渗透性和协调性。积极的情感对于小学生的学习效果的提升有着重要的意义,有利于学生思维活动的深入发展。在小学语文课堂教学中积极探究情感教育的实施路径,不仅可以培养学生良好的情感品质,而且可以在学习中获得积极的情感体验,推动和促进学生优秀品质的形成和提升。笔者深入探究当前情感教育在小学语文课堂教学中实施的路径,旨在有效实现小学语文课堂教学中知识学习和情感教育的同步进行。     

潮州市环境教育实践与发展思考

环境教育是提高全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质（包括环境意识在内）的基本手段之一。文章介绍了潮州市在中、小学和幼儿园的环境教育实践，对如何促进环境教育全面发展提出了自己的看法。     

对幼儿园游戏“小学化”现象的思考

<正>幼儿园"小学化"倾向无视幼儿的学习特点,违背幼儿身心发展规律,严重影响幼儿乃至整个学前教育的健康发展。在《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》(以下简称《纲要》)、《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》等重要文件的引领下,"以游戏为基本活动"的理念已逐渐成为各类幼儿园开展工作的基本原则。我们经常能看到幼儿专注于游戏、快乐于游戏、成长于游戏的动人场景,这一场景也体现了反对幼儿园教育"小学化"倾向取得了一定的成效。但在这些场景背后,也有一些令人担忧的现象,一些幼儿园以开展"游戏"为名,却仍然行"小学     

幼小衔接存在的问题及其解决策略

在现阶段的幼小教育中,两个阶段之间的衔接工作成为了教育工作者和各位家长都非常重视和关心的问题。这个问题如果能够得到切实的解决,对孩子的学习生活都会产生积极影响,不然会给孩子的生理和心理造成不良影响。所以,这是一个迫切需要解决的问题。从幼儿园阶段的工作来看,与小学的衔接工作可以有这几项措施:建立正确的衔接观念;加强多方衔接;适应社会的能力衔接;作息和活动的衔接。     

低年级小学生不必写作文

<正>复旦附中特级教师黄玉峰近日在讲座中提出,小学三年级以下的孩子应多读、多看和多背,而学习写作应该推迟到四五年级。"年纪太小,没必要学写作文!"黄玉峰认为,现在的小学语文教学设置并不利于孩子的教育发展,作文教学应该放在小学四五年级时再安排,"对小学生先别说创新!他们最早应该接受的是知识的积累;比如多读书,多背一些优美的古诗词,等年龄大一些,加上教师的点拨,自然而然就会写作文了。"黄玉峰认为,现在的教育手段违背了孩子的成长和学习规律,对太小的孩子过于强调所谓"创     

上海长宁区召开小学、幼儿园环境教育研讨会

日前,长宁区召开1996年全区小学、幼儿园环境教育工作研讨会,以进一步推动全区环境教育和科技教育活动。 长宁区在普及中学环境教育的基础上,去年进行了幼儿园、小学环境教育的探索,幼儿园、小学的校长们对这一尝试深有感触,认为很有必要,不仅提高了幼儿和青少年的环保意识。而且促进了思想品德和学科教育。 这次研讨会主要研讨了幼儿环境教育的途径和特点,以及     

“义工爸爸”让幼儿园教育更精彩

<正>在幼儿园组织的一些活动中,一般很少看见幼儿爸爸的身影。例如:家长会、半日活动开放、《家园联系册》记录,电话询问孩子在园的基本情况等,基本上都是妈妈参与,爸爸很少参与。有些爸爸认为这些理所当然都是妈妈的事,有些爸爸认为幼儿园都是女教师,沟通起来还是妈妈方便。为呼唤爸爸投入更多的时间和精力到孩子的早期教育中,发挥父亲教育的优势,我们大班年段教师于2012年6月进行了幼儿园"义工爸爸"进课堂的实践课题研究,并采取措施,让爸爸们积极参与幼儿园教育。     

Attempts to train goldfish to respond to magnetic field stimuli

Two different conditioning procedures, one appetitive and the other aversive, were used in separate attempts to demonstrate response to magnetic fields in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Our results lead us to question those of an orientation experiment by Becker, although we recognize the possibility that goldfish may be sensitive primarily to magnetic field direction rather than intensity and that their directional sensitivity may be evidenced most readily by orientation in the field.     

从生态旅游到低碳旅游——从理念到实践

阐述了生态旅游、低碳旅游的基本概念,分析了生态旅游存在的不足,提出低碳旅游的量化及建立各项标准及其指标评价体系并将之融入低碳旅游全过程以实现低碳旅游的标准化,重点在于实现低碳理念、低碳参与者及低碳实践3个方面的有机结合,以促进旅游业的可持续发展的可操作性建议.     

以学定教,提高课堂教学效率

根据心理学理论,学习是一个学生内化的过程,学生是自主学会的,而不是被动教会的。因此在教学中,教师只有做到以学定教,才能有效提高教学效率,促进学生对知识的掌握。     

如何做好突发环境事件应急监测的快速响应

应急监测是突发性环境污染事故处置中的首要环节,是对污染事故及时、正确地进行应急处理、减轻事故危害和制定恢复措施的根本依据。文章从制定应急监测预案、加强应急监测能力建设、摸清污染源状况、加强应急培训和应急演练等方面对做好突发环境事件应急监测的快速响应作了简要的阐述,供大家探讨。     

Croppers to livestock keepers: livelihood transitions to 2050 in Africa due to climate change

The impacts of climate change are expected to be generally detrimental for agriculture in many parts of Africa. Overall, warming and drying may reduce crop yields by 10–20% to 2050, but there are places where losses are likely to be much more severe. Increasing frequencies of heat stress, drought and flooding events will result in yet further deleterious effects on crop and livestock productivity. There will be places in the coming decades where the livelihood strategies of rural people may need to change, to preserve food security and provide income-generating options. These are likely to include areas of Africa that are already marginal for crop production; as these become increasingly marginal, then livestock may provide an alternative to cropping. We carried out some analysis to identify areas in sub-Saharan Africa where such transitions might occur. For the currently cropped areas (which already include the highland areas where cropping intensity may increase in the future), we estimated probabilities of failed seasons for current climate conditions, and compared these with estimates obtained for future climate conditions in 2050, using downscaled climate model output for a higher and a lower greenhouse-gas emission scenario. Transition zones can be identified where the increased probabilities of failed seasons may induce shifts from cropping to increased dependence on livestock. These zones are characterised in terms of existing agricultural system, current livestock densities, and levels of poverty. The analysis provides further evidence that climate change impacts in the marginal cropping lands may be severe, where poverty rates are already high. Results also suggest that those likely to be more affected are already more poor, on average. We discuss the implications of these results in a research-for-development targeting context that is likely to see the poor disproportionately and negatively affected by climate change.     

Soil microbial response to herbicides applied to glyphosate-resistant canola

Adoption of glyphosate-resistant canola (Brassica napus L.) has increased glyphosate applications to this crop, and concerns have been raised about unintended consequences of these multiple applications. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of pre-seed and in-crop glyphosate and alternative herbicides on soil microbial community functional structure, diversity and biomass. Pre-seed treatments were 2,4-D, glyphosate and 2,4-D + glyphosate, and in-crop treatments were glyphosate applied once, glyphosate applied twice, ethalfluralin, ethalfluralin + sethoxydim + ethametsulfuron + clopyralid, and sethoxydim + ethametsulfuron. Rhizosphere and bulk soil was collected at flowering stage of canola and analyzed for bacterial community-level substrate utilization patterns and microbial biomass C (MBC). Where differences were significant, pre-seed application of both 2,4-D and glyphosate altered the functional structure and reduced the functional diversity of soil bacteria, but increased MBC. These effects were not necessarily concurrent. The reduction in functional diversity was due to reduction in evenness, which means that the soil where both pre-seed herbicides had been applied was dominated by only few functional groups. In 1 year, two in-crop applications of glyphosate also reduced the functional diversity of soil bacteria when applied after pre-seed 2,4-D, as did in-crop sethoxydim + ethametsulfuron following pre-seed glyphosate. Even though significant differences between herbicides were fewer than non-significant differences, i.e., there were no changes in soil microbial community structure, diversity or biomass in response to glyphosate or alternative herbicides applied to glyphosate-resistant canola in most cases, the observed changes in soil microbial communities could affect soil food webs and biological processes.     

亲近自然的一条捷径——向你推荐《生物多样性知识达人手册》

"它随处可见,从最大的海洋到最小的水坑,从最茂密的森林到最干旱的荒漠,从最富饶的沼泽到最高的山峰……它是一个活的银行账户,为人类全部事业和财富提供资本.它是什么?它就是……生物多样性." 翻开《生物多样性知识达人手册》的第一页,在"开头的话"中,你就能读到上面这一段饶有趣味的文字,让你不自觉地联想到我们所处的环境和我们赖以生存的地球.没错,这是一本新鲜出炉的、以生物多样性为主题的读物,用生动有趣的方式告诉你,什么是生物多样性?生物多样性为什么重要?你怎样才能保护好这个星球的生物多样性?     

重归大自然——密西西比河之行

密西西比河是美国第一大河。它一路曲曲弯弯向着墨西哥湾蜿蜒流去．沿途形成广袤的洪泛平原,滋润着美国大陆41％的土地。水量也比美国其他河流都要多。密西西比河及其洪泛平原哺育着400多种野生动植物。北美地区40％的水禽都沿着密西西比河的路径迁徙。密西西比河对于美国。如同长江对于中国,无论从经济还是生物多样性保护等方面,其作用都是举足轻重。     

Behavior toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans transferred to the progeny after exposure to sulfamethoxazole at environmentally relevant concentrations

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of the most common detected antibiotics in the environment. In order to study whether SMX can a ect behavior and growth and whether these e ects could be transferred to the progeny, Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed at environmentally relevant concentrations for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr, respectively. After exposure, the exposed parent generation (P0) was measured for behavior and growth indicators, which were presented as percentage of controls (POC). Then their corresponding unexposed progeny (F1) was separated and measured for the same indicators. The lowest POC for P0 after 96 hr-exposure at 100 mg/L were 37.8%, 12.7%, 45.8% and 70.1% for body bending frequency (BBF), reversal movement (RM), Omega turns (OT) and body length (BL), respectively. And F1 su ered defects with the lowest POC as 55.8%, 24.1%, 48.5% and 60.7% for BBF, RM, OT and BL, respectively. Defects in both P0 and F1 showed a time- and concentration-dependent fashion and behavior indicators showed better sensitivity than growth indicator. The observed e ects on F1 demonstrated the transferable properties of SMX. Defects of SMX at environmental concentrations suggested that it is necessary to perform further systematical studies on its ecological risk in actual conditions.