玻璃纸生产废气中CS2和H2S的治理

阐述了玻璃纸生产中CS2和H2S废气产生的原理,介绍了该废气处理的现状,总结了目前普遍采用的冷凝法、活性炭吸附法、活性碳纤维吸附法、改性活性炭吸附法、螯合铁氧化法、吸收-吸附法等处理方法的特点和效果。介绍了一种先采用螯合铁氧化法、再采用冷凝法、最后采用活性炭吸附法的综合处理工艺,可使废气达标排放。     

挥发性有机化合物的污染控制技术

对大气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOC),人们已开发出一些卓有成效的污染控制技术。广泛采用的典型的VOC控制方法有热力焚烧法、催化焚烧法、活性炭吸附法、吸附与焚烧联合法、冷凝法和吸收法;开发中的VOC控制新技术有吸附-催化氧化技术、电化学氧化技术、光催化降解技术和电子加热技术。     

吸附回收法处理甲硫醚废气

采用吸附回收法处理高浓度小排放量的甲硫醚废气，以活性炭不吸附剂，废气中甲硫醚的质量浓度可从处理前的151g/m^3降至0．06g/m^3，甲硫醚的去除率大于99％，处理后的废气可达标排放，将吸附饱和后的活性炭用水蒸气解吸再生，解吸得到的甲硫醚回用于生产。     

活性炭吸附黏胶纤维生产废气中的CS2

分别采用静态吸附和柱穿透吸附研究了活性炭对黏胶纤维生产废气中CS₂的吸附性能,考察了温度、水蒸气含量和预吸附H₂S时间对活性炭吸附CS₂效果的影响。实验结果表明：活性炭静态吸附CS₂的吸附等温线可用D-R方程很好地拟合,吸附温度升高,活性炭对CS₂的吸附量降低;Y-N方程能很好地拟合CS₂在活性炭上的柱吸附穿透过程,吸附温度升高,CS₂在活性炭上的吸附穿透时间缩短;进气水蒸气含量增大,吸附穿透时间缩短;预吸附H₂S时间延长,活性炭对CS₂的吸附穿透时间缩短;脱附温度升高,CS₂脱附率和脱附速率均加快。     

活性炭吸附回收挥发性有机物的研究进展

活性炭吸附法是目前使用范围最为广范、技术最为成熟的回收挥发性有机物（VOCs）的方法。该法与冷凝法联用,可达到经济、高效回收VOCs的目的。介绍了变压吸附和变温吸附等常见的活性炭吸附回收VOCs的工艺,分析比较了各工艺的特点,并指出了存在的问题。在总结现有研究进展的基础上,预测了活性炭吸附回收VOCs技术的发展趋势。     

含醋酸乙酯废气的回收净化处理

采用吸附法对含醋酸乙酯的有机废气进行吸附回收净化处理，考察了活性炭对ＥＡ的静态和动态吸附特性，结果表明：采用ＡＣ固定床吸附回收废气中的ＥＡ具有良好效果，ＥＡ的回收率可达到９５％以上，出口气中ＥＡ的浓度低于１ｍｇ／ｍ＾３，有明显的经济和环境效益。     

活性炭吸附—H2O2氧化法处理染色废水的试验研究

用活性炭吸附与Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化相结合的方法处理染色废水，与单独用活性炭吸附或Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化处理相比，ＣＯＤ去除率和脱色率均有较大提高。     

国外代森锰锌生产废水治理技术

介绍了农药杀菌剂代森锰锌生产废水的毒性;国外对其进行生物氧化、活性炭吸附、化学氧化和酸性水解处理的可行性研究情况以及工业生产采用的治理工艺路线。     

活性炭吸附-生物膜法处理印染废水的研究

对印染废水三级处理的活性炭吸附-生物膜法进行了试验研究.该方法是将活性炭吸附有机物和微生物氧化分解有机物结合来,协同作用,因而效果更优越,并能延长活性炭的使用周期,降低处理费用.     

用活性炭纤维吸附回收废气中的苯

采用活性炭纤维吸附回收装置处理含苯废气。对处理系统、工艺流程、系统运行参数以及运行安全保障作了具体的叙述。运行实践表明，采用该装置处理含苯废气，苯的吸附效率大于97％，每年可回收苯270t，企业可得净收益58．4万元。     

活性炭对气体中二硫化碳吸附性能的研究

研究了４种不同活性炭的孔结构及对二硫化碳的平衡吸附性能,并对４种活性炭床层的穿透性进行了考察,为选择吸附净化废气中低浓度二硫化碳的吸附剂奠定了基础。     

酒石酸改性活性炭对烟气脱硝钴氨吸收液中Co~(3+)的催化还原

废气中的NO和SO2可通过钴氨吸收液去除,但钴氨吸收液中的Co~(2+)易被氧化成Co~(3+)而失去脱硝能力。为了实现Co~(2+)的再生,采用酒石酸溶液对活性炭进行改性,提高其对Co~(3+)的催化还原能力,考察了活性炭催化剂改性及活化条件对钴氨吸收液Co~(3+)还原率及NO去除率的影响。实验结果表明:在酒石酸溶液浓度为1.5 mol/L、改性时间为18 h、活化温度为400℃、活化时间为4 h的条件下,改性活性炭的催化性能最佳;Co~(3+)还原率为67.5%,比原炭提高了11.9百分点;对应的钴氨吸收液的NO去除率为86.0%,比原炭提高了26.0百分点。pHpzc测定、Boehm滴定和BET表征结果表明,与原炭相比,改性活性炭酸性增强,羧基和内酯基含量增加,微孔数目增加,比表面积增大。这些表面特性的改变使改性活性炭的催化性能得到改善。     

活性炭填料塔FeSO4液相催化氧化脱硫

对活性炭及瓷拉西环两种填料用自来水进行脱硫对比实验,证明无论是等宏观表面积还是等填料层高度,活性炭填料的脱硫率均高于瓷拉西环。在活性炭填料塔中进行了FeSO4液相催化氧化脱硫实验,考察了液气比、空塔气速、吸收温度及SO2进口浓度对脱硫率的影响。综合实验结果表明,连续运行500min时,脱硫率及吸收液pH分别稳定在93．5％以上及4．6左右,且两者的变化趋势基本一致。     

Pore structure and adsorption properties of activated carbon prepared from granular molded waste paper

We have previously manufactured activated carbon using waste paper board, which was prepared by adding 8% phenol resin adhesive to torn waste newspaper and hot-pressing. In this study, the pretreatment process of the raw material was simplified; the waste paper was extruded to form granules. The activated carbon was manufactured by the carbon dioxide activation method using the granules as the raw material. The properties of the activated carbon were evaluated based on the pore structure, the iodine adsorption number, and the adsorption of toluene vapor in a sealed chamber. The activated carbon, which was manufactured at an activation temperature of 1100°C and a treatment time of 60min, exhibited a specific surface area of 1241m²/g and an iodine adsorption number of 1120mg/g. These results were similar to those obtained for two commercially available activated carbons. The extent of toluene vapor adsorption by this activated carbon was similar to that observed for the two commercial activated carbons over a period of 130min.     

炭黑尾气净化及余热利用

对炭黑生产尾气中ＣＯ，Ｈ２及ＣＨ４等可燃气态污染物的净化及其余热的回收和利用进行了研究，结果表明，采用直接燃烧法是目前我国炭黑尾气净化和余热回收利用的最佳方法，直接燃烧法，不仅可将黑尾气中可燃气态污染物变为无害的物质ＣＯ２和Ｈ２Ｏ，并可回收和利用热，可使炭黑生产余热利用率提高５０％以上，其经济效益和环境效益十分可观。     

Porous structure of activated carbon prepared from waste newspaper

In an earlier report, we presented a method for preparing activated carbon from waste newspaper as a way to recycle used paper for a purpose other than producing raw material for paper-making. In this article, we consider the porous structure of the activated carbon that affects its adsorption properties for various substances. The specific surface area of activated carbon prepared from waste newspaper was 838 m²/g, the micropore volume was 0.368 ml/g, and the mesopore volume was 0.138 ml/g, which is about the same as commercially available activated carbon. The activated carbon prepared from waste newspaper usually has a high content of ash, which makes little contribution to the adsorption properties. In particular, as compared with reagent-activated carbon, the quantities of mesopores with a pore radius of 3–25 nm and macropores with a pore radius of 25–250 nm were 8 and 14 times larger, respectively. Activated carbon prepared from waste newspaper has a well-developed porous structure, particularly in the mesopore and macropore ranges. Received: July 12, 1999 / Accepted: March 8, 2000     

Development of a simple and sensitive method for the characterization of odorous waste gas emissions by means of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and GC-MS/olfactometry

A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method has been developed for the extraction of odorous compounds from waste gas. The enriched compounds were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography followed by simultaneous flame ionization detection and olfactometry (GC-FID/O). Five different SPME fiber coatings were tested, and the carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber showed the highest ability to extract odorous compounds from the waste gas. Furthermore, parameters such as exposure time, desorption temperature, and desorption time have been optimized. The SPME method was successfully used to characterize an odorous waste gas from a fat refinery prior to and after waste gas treatment in order to describe the treatment efficiency of the used laboratory scale plant which consisted of a bioscrubber/biofilter combination and an activated carbon adsorber. The developed method is a valuable approach to provide detailed information of waste gas composition and complements existing methods for the determination of odors. However, caution should be exercised if CAR/PDMS fibers are used for the quantification of odorous compounds in multi-component matrices like waste gas emissions since the relative affinity of each analyte was shown to differ according to the total amount of analytes present in the sample.     

钛铁矿造孔核桃壳基活性炭的制备及其吸附性能

以核桃壳为原料,钛铁矿为造孔剂,制备钛铁矿造孔核桃壳基活性炭。实验结果表明：在氯化锌浓度为3mol/L、碳化时间为40min、碳化温度为400℃、钛铁矿加入量为5%的条件下,制得的钛铁矿造孔核桃壳基活性炭对苯酚、碱性品红、Pb²⁺的吸附量分别达到了156.80,181.35,35.84mg/g,比核桃壳活性炭分别提高了25.84%,18.59%,19.10%;钛铁矿作为造孔剂制备活性炭,可以降低碳化温度和缩短碳化时间,且对活性炭中孔的形成起促进作用,有利于对大分子物质和重金属的吸附去除。