掺杂型二氧化钛纳米管光催化降解甲基橙研究

利用本实验室制备的N-F原子掺杂二氧化钛纳米管作催化剂,在可见光区对甲基橙(MO)进行光催化降解实验。在催化剂用量固定为3cm2时考察了不同初始浓度、pH值、溶解氧(DO)等对降解率的影响。结果表明,在可见光区该催化剂具有较高的光催化活性;当溶液DO为19.2mg/L、pH值为3、初始浓度为10mg/L、反应时间300min时,降解率可达82.3%。     

N-TiO_2涂料对甲醛降解与霉菌抑制的研究

利用氮掺杂二氧化钛光催化涂料对室内甲醛进行降解以及抑制霉菌的繁殖。对甲醛降解的研究表明:在自然光、初始浓度为1mg/m~3、温度为35℃的条件下对甲醛的降解率达到82%。对霉菌抑制效果的研究表明:在自然光、涂膜层数为4层、含水率为10%的条件下,霉菌的覆盖率仅为4%。     

介孔氧化铁催化降解诺氟沙星实验条件的优化研究

选取诺氟沙星为目标污染物,以介孔氧化铁为催化剂,催化过氧化氢降解水中微量有机污染物,设计正交实验并利用SPSS软件进行数据分析,分别讨论了pH、H_2O_2初始浓度、诺氟沙星初始浓度以及催化剂投加量对降解率的影响,并得到选定因素水平范围内的最优化反应条件:初始p H为7,初始H_2O_2浓度100 m M,初始诺氟沙星浓度2 mg/L,催化剂投加量0.7 g/L。最优化反应条件下,120 min诺氟沙星的降解率达到99%。通过SPPS方差分析可得,各因素影响大小的排序为诺氟沙星初始浓度催化剂投加量初始pH初始H_2O_2浓度。     

高效海洋溢油降解菌降解海洋溢油条件的优化研究

针对海洋溢油污染问题,采用实验室筛选的海洋溢油降解菌HJ01和HJ02开展海洋溢油微生物降解优化研究,采用单因素实验和多因素正交实验进行降解率测定。结果表明,单因素实验条件下,当pH值为7、培养温度35℃、石油初始浓度7 500mg/L、NaCl含量20 000mg/L时,HJ01和HJ02对海洋溢油的降解效果最佳。正交实验条件下,HJ01在pH值为7、培养温度35℃、石油初始浓度7 500mg/L、NaCl含量10 000mg/L时降解效果最佳;HJ02在pH值为7、培养温度30℃、石油初始浓度11 000 mg/L、NaCl含量10 000mg/L时降解效果最佳。     

TiO2/ACF与TiO2/Bi2WO6/ACF材料吸附光催化降解VOCs条件优化及性能评价

通过开展TiO2/ACF与TiO2/BiWO6/ACF材料吸附光催化降解VOCs废气的室内模拟实验,探究反应环境（流量、初始浓度、温度、湿度）对吸附光催化降解效率的影响。结果表明：TiO2/ACF材料的最优降解条件为浓度1000 mg/m3,流量1.2 m3/h,湿度30％,温度33℃;TiO2/BiWO6/ACF材料的最优降解条件 为浓度1000 mg/m3,流量1.2 m3/h,湿度33％,温度34℃;两种材料在最优条件下均具有对高浓度污染物响应速度快、反应平衡后污染物转化率高的特点,TiO2/ACF材料三级反应总体转化率达到81.71％,TiO2/BiWO6/ACF材料三级反应总体转化率达到85.96％。因此,将吸附光催化技术与其他处理技术相结合作为一种预处理方法,针对储罐呼吸气排放源,在实现VOCs初步降解的同时还可以稳定平衡VOCs浓度,具有较好的缓冲、减排效果,该技术工艺流程简单,能耗低,具有很好的应用前景。     

La掺杂TiO2/有机改性膨润土对TNT弹药废水的光催化降解性能研究

利用超声强化溶胶-凝胶法制备了La掺杂TiO2/有机改性膨润土复合光催化材料并进行了结构表征;以弹药废水中主要污染物质TNT作为目标物,考察了影响光催化降解性能的因素.结果表明：有机改性后复合材料的吸附性能和光催化性能均有所增加,对TNT的60min的吸附去除率和光催化降解率分别达到9.68％和94.53％;影响TNT光催化降解率的因素有光照时间、催化剂用量、TNT初始浓度、溶液pH值和光照强度.     

TiO2光催化降解有机颜料艳红RGS母液研究

以TiO2为催化剂,对有机颜料艳红RGS母液进行了一系列光催化降解试验.考察了催化剂用量、溶液pH值、初始浓度、不同光源和照射时间对脱色率的影响.结果表明,溶液相对初始浓度为0.2、pH<8、催化剂用量为1g/L时,以紫外灯(254nm)为光源,反应120 min,脱色率可达93%以上.     

基于响应面优化条件下氨基化MCM-41对砷的吸附研究

本研究使用氨基改性的MCM-41(即NH2-MCM-41)介孔分子筛作为吸附剂处理水溶液中的As(Ⅲ)离子。采用中心复合设计(CCD)响应面优化实验对NH2-MCM-41吸附As(Ⅲ)的影响因素(pH、金属离子初始浓度、温度和吸附剂用量)进行优化,建立去除率与各因素之间的二次多项式模型。结果显示：pH、金属离子初始浓度、温度和吸附剂用量对吸附过程均有显著影响(P<0.05),在pH 5.62,As(Ⅲ)的初始浓度为5.00 mg/L,温度为20℃,吸附剂用量为5.00g/L的最优条件下As(Ⅲ)的去除率实测值达75.6%。     

微生物法处理海上钻井废钻井液

微生物法适用于海上钻井含油废弃物的处理。通过多次对菌株采集、分离、纯化和培养驯化,选育得到了3株对石油烃类有很好降解效果的石油类降解菌;确定了石油类降解菌适宜的生化处理条件:最佳生长及原油降解温度为50℃、最佳生长及原油降解酸碱性环境为pH=6.0、最佳菌株接种量2%、最佳原油初始浓度为500mg/L。处理后的含油废弃钻井液含油量基本稳定在2mg/L以下,降解率达98%以上。     

Ti/PbO2电极与Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5电极催化体系降解酸性大红染料废水的比较研究

为比较Ti/PbO₂电极和Ti/IrO₂+Ta₂O₅电极催化体系降解酸性大红(GR)染料废水的处理效果,并确定体系最佳工艺参数。分别对Ti/PbO₂电极和Ti/IrO₂+Ta₂O₅电极催化体系内初始pH、染料初始浓度、电流密度、电解质浓度对GR染料降解率的影响进行了探索,比较工艺参数优化后两催化体系的GR降解率、电极形貌及TOC去除率。结果表明,工艺参数优化后(初始pH 6.38,染料初始浓度100 mg/L,电流密度50 mA/cm²,电解质浓度0.1 mg/L),Ti/PbO₂电极和Ti/IrO₂+Ta₂O₅电极催化体系GR去除率分别可达98.3%和61.1%,TOC去除率为25.4%和13.5%;结合电极表面形貌分析,Ti/IrO₂+Ta₂O_5<...     

Formaldehyde degradation in the presence of methanol by photo-Fenton process

In this study, the photo-Fenton process for the degradation of formaldehyde was investigated in lab-scale experiments. Results showed that methanol, the additive chemical in a commercial product of formaldehyde, was also decomposed during the formaldehyde oxidation reaction. The oxidation reaction was in three-stages. The first stage was the Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2) reaction in which both formaldehyde and methanol were swiftly decomposed. The second and the third stages exerted a somewhat less rapid degradation of both chemicals. The first stage of the oxidation reaction can be discussed by means of the initial average rate and the third stage or Fe(3+)/H(2)O(2) stage was found to follow the first order reaction rate. The reaction was influenced by the initial pH, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the amount of ferrous ions. The initial pH at 2.6 provided the highest removal efficiencies in this system. In addition, the competition between formaldehyde and methanol was investigated and described as r(m)/r(f), where r(m) and r(f) were the initial rates of methanol and formaldehyde, respectively. The addition of methanol exhibited a competitive effect on formaldehyde degradation. The removal of formaldehyde decreased with increasing methanol concentration. At the high concentrations of methanol, the oxidation reaction of formaldehyde was repressed. It appears that all values of r(m)/r(f) obtained from the experiments are lower than the theoretical values.     

P-25纳米TiO2在含酚废水处理方面的应用

采用室内模拟研究,以P-25纳米TiO2作为光催化剂进行了苯酚水溶液的光催化降解性能探讨,初步考察了溶液的pH、P-25纳米TiO2用量对光催化降解苯酚过程的影响,以获得P-25纳米TiO2光降解含酚废水的较好反应条件.实验结果表明,当溶液pH=8时,降解水体中苯酚效果最佳,强酸和强碱条件均不利于苯酚的降解;在pH 8的反应体系中,当光催化剂用量为0.4g/L时,催化水体中苯酚降解的效果最好.     

Photocatalytic degradation of disperse blue 1 using UV/TiO2/H2O2 process

The photocatalytic degradation of a dye derivative, C.I. disperse blue 1 (1), has been investigated under UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2 and H2O2 under a variety of conditions. The degradation was studied by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing UV spectroscopic technique as a function of irradiation time. The degradation was studied under different conditions such as different types of TiO2, reaction pH, catalyst and substrate concentration containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), besides molecular oxygen in the presence of TiO2. The degradation of dye was also investigated under sunlight and the efficiency of degradation was compared with that of the artificial light source. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient for the degradation of the dye.     

光催化氧化法降解有机磷农药的研究

本研究采用负载型TiO2膜作为催化剂降解有机磷农药敌敌畏，探讨了光催化反应时间、溶液的初始浓度对敌敌畏降解率的影响。试验表明，不同初始浓度的敌敌畏在经过90minUV／TiO2处理后，降解率都能达到90％以上，而且降解率随光照时间的增长而增加，随初始浓度的增加而降低。本研究采用毛细管柱气相色谱检测敌敌畏的剩余浓度，检出效果较好，并通过色谱图探讨敌敌畏的降解过程。     

Heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of a herbicide derivative, isoproturon in aqueous suspension of titanium dioxide

Heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of a herbicide derivative, N-(4-isopropylphenyl)-N',N'-dimethylurea (Isoproturon, 1) was investigated in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide by monitoring the change in absorption intensity and depletion in Total Organic Carbon content as a function of irradiation time. The degradation kinetics was studied under different conditions such as pH, catalyst concentration, substrate concentration, different types of TiO(2) and in the presence of electron acceptors such as hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), potassium bromate (KBrO(3)) and potassium persulphate (K(2)S(2)O(8)) besides molecular oxygen. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient as compared with other photocatalysts. An attempt was made to identify the degradation product through GC-MS analysis technique.     

Applicability of a continuous-flow system inner-coated with S-doped titania for the photocatalysis of dimethyl sulfide at low concentrations

The present study investigated the photocatalytic activity of an S-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst with regards to dimethyl sulfide degradation under visible-light irradiation, along with its deactivation and reactivation. The dimethyl sulfide conversion was between 85% and 93% for the lowest relative humidity range (10–20%) and close to 100% for the two higher relative humidity ranges (45–55% and 80–90%). The conversion was also close to 100% for the two lowest input concentrations (0.039 and 0.195 ppm), while it was between 91% and 96% at 3.9 ppm and between 85% and 90% at 7.9 ppm. In contrast to the input concentration dependences on conversion, the calculated degradation rates increased as input concentrations increased. The dimethyl sulfide conversion at low concentrations (≤0.39 ppm), which are associated with non-occupational inn occurring. However, catalyst deactivations were observed during the photocatalytic process whdoor air quality issues, was up to nearly 100% for long time periods (at least 603 h), without any significant catalyst deactivatioen higher concentrations (3.9 and 7.8 ppm) were used. The photocatalyst, reactivated by using two types of air (dried and humidified) under visible-light irradiation, did not regain all of its initial activities. Sulfate groups were qualitatively identified as the reaction products on the photocatalyst surface. In addition, gaseous byproducts, quantitatively determined, included dimethyl disulfide, methanol, and SO₂. It is noteworthy that the peak concentration of dimethyl disulfide (0.79 ppm = 790 ppb), generated over the photocatalytic process with the highest dimethyl sulfide input concentration, exceeded the odor threshold value of 0.1–3.6 ppb for dimethyl disulfide.     

室内甲醛污染影响因素的多元回归分析

本文在室内甲醛质量守恒定律基本公式合理推导的基础上,对影响甲醛浓度的主要因素做了正交实验。对实验数据进行多元回归分析,建立室内甲醛浓度预测模型。对模型做检验,检验结果表明,本文的预测模型能较好地预测室内空气中的甲醛浓度。     

Heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of two selected pesticide derivatives, triclopyr and daminozid in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide

Heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of two selected pesticide derivatives, triclopyr (1) and daminozid (2), has been investigated in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing the UV Spectroscopic analysis technique and depletion of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content as a function of irradiation time. The degradation kinetics were studied under different conditions such as reaction pH, substrate and catalyst concentration, different types of TiO2 and in the presence of electron acceptors such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium bromate (KBrO3) and ammonium persulphate (NH4)2S2O8 in addition to molecular oxygen. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient as compared with other photocatalysts. The pesticide derivative triclopyr (1) was found to degrade faster as compared to daminozid (2). An attempt was also made to identify the intermediate products formed during the photooxidation process using GC/MS analysis. Probable pathways for the formation of products have been proposed.     

不同气温条件下室内甲醛污染特性的探讨

用酚试剂分光光度法（GB／F18204．26—2000）对装修后室内空气中的甲醛进行测定。通过一年多的实测表明：气温在13.0℃-24．0℃范围内，测试结果的超标率为27．8％，测试结果均值为0．077mg／m^3，气温在25．0℃-30．0℃范围内，测试结果的超标率为78．1％，测试结果均值为0．270mg／m^3，两个温度段超标率相差2．8倍多，测试结果均值相差3．5倍多。室内空气中甲醛浓度与室内温度呈线性关系，表明气温对室内空气中甲醛的释放量有明显的影响。