环氧氯丙烷皂化废水清洁生产技术

通过对目前国内外环氧氯丙烷(ECH)行业生产工艺及污染物的分析,针对生产环氧氯丙烷产生的皂化废水排放量大、碱度高、含盐量高等问题,提出清洁生产工艺,使环氧氯丙烷生产在减少废水排放的同时提取氯化钙,实现了经济效益和环境效益的共赢。     

物化+活性污泥处理漂染废水

广州某漂染厂采用物化 活性污泥处理工艺取得了良好的处理效果,处理后的漂染废水达到了广东省《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)第二时段一级标准。     

含铜废水处理技术现状

含铜废水主要来源于工业生产过程,如不经过适当处理排入环境,将给环境带来极大危害。含铜废水的主要处理方法有化学沉淀法、离子交换法、电解法等。由于各生产过程不同,废水中铜的存在状态与价态都各有差异,对于不同类型含铜废水的处理应依据废水性质,选用不同工艺或工艺组合对废水进行处理,以满足排放标准的要求。同时在处理含铜废水时,应考虑处理后出水的回用和废水中铜的资源化问题。     

汽车涂装废水水质特征分析及处理工艺

涂装是保护和装饰汽车的主要工艺措施,汽车涂装工艺产生的废水具有污染物种类多、成分复杂;水质、水量变化大且排放无规律、可生化性差的特点,实践证明,采取各类水质分别预处理后混合生化处理可有效去除废水中的污染物,排放达到标准要求。     

造纸废水处理技术现状

由于造纸废水组分复杂、污染物浓度高、可生化性差,需要联合运用多种处理方法对其进行处理,实现废水的达标排放和降低废水处理成本。对于造纸过程,应推行清洁生产,通过源头削减和生产过程控制,减少原辅材料消耗,减少废水的产生量和排放量,降低废水中的污染物浓度,从而实现造纸废水的有效控制和处理。     

我国印染废水处理概况及研究进展

综述了我国印染行业的环保概况,分析了印染废水的来源与特点,介绍了印染废水的物化处理和生化处理方法,以及目前国内印染废水处理的工艺概况,提出了清洁生产、末端治理与行业导向等相关建议。     

制革行业污染治理集成技术及工程应用

介绍了"五水分流"清洁生产技术、铬液灰液循环利用技术、制革高氨氮废水稳定达标排放技术、MicrowaterTM环境治理微生物技术体系、四相废水深度达标治理专利技术、膜处理回用技术、含铬污泥资源化利用技术等制革行业污染治理集成技术的概况;通过分析应用实例,指出该技术体系在达标治理的前提下,通过清洁生产、高效处理、中水回用、铬泥资源化利用等手段,可有效降低污染治理成本,应用前景广阔。     

甜菜制糖业清洁生产的探讨

清洁生产强调在生产过程中,节约原料和能源,通过源削减和回收利用,使污染物最小化或消灭在生产之中,以减少废弃物的排放量。针对制糖生产中用水多,同时废水排放量大两个问题,对甜菜制糖生产工艺中用水量和排水量进行初步分析评估,以便从中找出节水和减少排放废水的可能环节。     

汽车整车制造行业废水处理技术分析

汽车整车制造过程涉及表面处理、磷化处理、电泳涂装、喷漆等工艺,其生产过程中产生大量工业废水,废水成分复杂,p H波动范围较大,含石油类、涂料、漆料及重金属,污染物浓度也不相同,处理难度较大。对汽车整车制造行业废水产污环节进行分析并结合近年工程实践,汽车行业采用分流物化处理+合流生化处理工艺能达到相应的排放标准,符合国家环保要求。     

石油天然气开采业(稠油)清洁生产指标体系的研究

本文给出了石油天然气开采业清洁生产审核的指标体系,可作为该行业清洁生产审核的主要依据。通过清洁生产审核,使我国相应的行业生产过程更加符合清洁生产的要求,使清洁生产工作标准化和规范化,并带动其他行业的清洁生产工作。其清洁生产指标经预测,可以反映当前我国石油天然气开采业的实际水平,为我国石油天然气开采业开展清洁生产审核工作,打下良好的技术基础。     

聚合硅酸硫酸铁处理印染废水的实验研究

介绍了聚合硅酸硫酸铁的制备及处理印染废水的方法,研究了最佳的实验条件。该方法工艺流程简单,药剂成本较低,废水的COD去除率达80%,脱色率达90%,出水水质达到了印染废水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。     

Guidelines and legislation for dye house effluents

Increasing attention has been paid over the years to the environmental problems related to industrial activities. Environmental standards have been established and control organisms have been created with a view to applying restrictive legislation. In the dyeing industry, ennoblers discharge in the environment large volumes of strongly coloured effluents that are heavily loaded with pollutants and highly concentrated in salts. This chemical load is generated during the different steps of textile preparation. After reviewing the characteristics of these effluents, this paper gives a comparative review of the current legislations on the dyeing industry emissions. It examines more closely the discharge legislation, first in France and then in other countries around the world. A comparison of the six most representative parameters shows how different the applied constraints are in different countries.     

粉煤灰处理印染废水的现状及分析

本文综述了粉煤友在印染废水中的应用。粉煤灰作为吸附剂可直接处理印染废水,处理效率较低,改性后粉煤灰可提高吸附性;利用粉煤灰的混凝作用对COD的去除率一般为50％-60％,色度去除率为80％左右;当粉煤灰与铁屑产生电化学作用时,用于印染废水预处理是行之有效的;作为印染废水助凝助沉剂,结合其他工艺,可使印染废水中COD和色度去除率分别达到90％和95％以上,并列举了粉煤灰处理印染废水成功的实例。但仍应加强理论研究,解决工程与设备问题是今后的工作方向。     

印染工业园废水集中处理的探讨

近年来，印染工业园在各地纷纷建立，大大促进了当地经济的发展。本文论述了当前印染工业园废水集中处理设计和运行过程中需要注意的问题，并提出了相应的对策，以期为相关工业园设计和研究提供参考。     

沉淀-活性污泥-沉淀工艺处理印染废水

对印染废水采用沉淀-活性污泥-沉淀进行连续处理。结果表明：该处理工艺具有废水处理效果好、出水水质稳定、操作管理方便等优点，是处理印染废水的有效方法之一。     

气浮-淹没式生物膜工艺处理牛仔布洗漂废水

采用高效气浮-淹没式生物膜组合工艺处理牛仔布洗漂废水。结合工程实际,介绍牛仔布洗漂废水处理工程的设计和调试情况,工艺实践运行表明,该工艺处理效果好、运行稳定。各项指标均可达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》（DN44／26-2001）中规定的第二时段一级排放标准。     

Industry to Industry By-products Exchange Network towards zero waste in palm oil refining processes

This paper presents a systematic framework for optimal utilization of by-products generated during crude palm oil refining processes. Three by-products are considered in the supply chain network: soapstock, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and spent bleaching earth (SBE). These by-products, generated from neutralization, deodorization and bleaching processes, are viable feedstocks to other commercial industries such as animal feed, biodiesel, lubricant and soap. The case study is formulated as Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and integrated into the framework with the objective to maximize the refinery's profit as well as moving towards a conscious mindset of zero waste. This is the first time that such framework is developed and applied for the palm oil industry. The framework is called as Industry to Industry By-products Exchange Network (I2IBEN). An illustrative case study demonstrates a significant potential profit of MYR182, 893 per month.     

A review of textile industry: Wet processing,environmental impacts,and effluent treatment methods

The word “textile” means to weave and was taken from the Latin word “texere.” Nowadays, textiles not only fulfill humankind's basic necessity for clothing, they also allow individuals to make fashion statements. As one of the oldest industries, the textile industry occupies a unique place in India. It is responsible for 14% of the total industrial manufacture in India. However, the textile industry is also considered to be one of the biggest threats to the environment. Pretreatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing operations are among the various stages of the industrial textile manufacturing process. These fabrication operations not only utilize huge quantities of power and water, they also generate considerable amounts of waste. The textile industry utilizes a number of dyes, chemicals, and other materials to impart the required qualities to the fabrics. These operations produce a significant amount of effluents. The quality of effluents is such that they cannot be put to other uses, and they can create environmental problems if they are disposed of without appropriate treatment. This review discusses different textile processing stages, pollution problems associated with these stages, and their eco‐friendly alternatives. Textile wet processing is described in detail, as it is the key process in the industry and it also generates the greatest amount of pollutants in textile processing. The environmental impact of textile effluents is discussed, as textile effluents not only impose negative effects on the quality of water and soil, they also imperil plant and animal health. In this paper, various methods for treating textile effluents are described. Discussion of physical, chemical, biological, and advanced treatment technologies of effluent treatment are included in this paper.     

丝光印染废碱液回用技术的研究

印染企业丝光机排出的废碱液,Na0H质量浓度为3%～5%,废水温度在50℃～70℃,色度>1000倍,SS>400mg/L,含较多棉纱线等,为探讨废碱液回收技术的合理性及可行性,本中试系统采用"滤网过滤+板框压滤+陶瓷膜过滤+蒸发浓缩"的耦合技术,对丝光机排放的废碱液进行预处理及浓缩,中试结果表明,该技术可达到废碱液100%回用,处理后的碱液浓度可达15%～25%,SS<30mg/L,色度<100倍,达到印染行业丝光工序回用的要求。