共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
Bound residue(BR) of ^14 C-metsulfuron-methyl (^14 C-BR) in seven kinds of soil was significantly negative-related to soil pH and positive-related to the clay content during the initial 20 d of incubation, but only was significantly negative-related to soil pH after 30 d incubation. Again, the soil pH was found to be the dominant factor affecting BR formation from ,4 C-metsulfuron-methyl among the basic properties(soil pH, clay, OM and CEC etc. ) of soil. The maximum content of ^14C-BR in the 7 soils accounted for 19.3% -52.6% of applied amount. In addition, the composition of the ,4 C-BR in fluvio marine yellow loamy(S7) at the 90 d of incubation was identified using the coupling technique of LC-MS and isotope tracing method. The results showed that the^14 C-[2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1 3, 5]-triazine, ^14 C-[2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1, 3, 5]-tdazine and ^14 C-metsulfuron-methyl parent compound constituted the main components of the BR derived from ^14 C-metsulfuron-methyl in the S7. The relative percentage of the three compounds accounted for 41.4%, 35.8% and 19.3% of total recovery radioactivity, respectively. The results also indicated that a non-radioactive component, 2-methylformate-benzenesulfonyl-isocyanate, one of the degraded products of metsulfuron-methyl in soil, was also found to be one of the components of the BR. The parent compound in BR can well explain the phytotoxic effect on substitution crops caused by the BR derived from metsulfuron-methyl in soil. 相似文献
3.
Identification of the bound residue composition derived from 14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in soil by using LC-MS and isotope tracing method 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
A new method for extracting the bound residue(BR) derived from ^14C-iabeled chlorsulfuron in soils was developed, and the technique of combining LC-MS with isotope tracing method was subsequently applied to identify the composition of the ^14C-BR in a loamy Fluvent derived from manne deposit. The results showed that the ^14C- [ 2- amino-4- methoxyl-6- methyl- 1,3,5 ]-triazine, ^14C- [ 2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5]-tdazine and ^14C-chlorsulfuron parent compound constituted the main composition of the ^14C-BR denved from ^14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in the soil. The radioactive ratio of three compounds accounted for 39.8 %, 35.4 % and 17.9 % of total recovered radioactivity, respectively. However, a small amount(3.6 % of total recovered radioactivity) of the complex of ^14C- [ 2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5]-tdazine might have existed in the ^14C-BR in association with an unknown soil substrate. 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide was also detected to be one of the components of the BR. The results could well explain the mechanism of phytotoxicity caused by the BR derived from chlorsulfuron in soil. In addition, the mechanism of BR formation in soil was also discussed in details. 相似文献
4.
5.
巢湖富营养化的沉积记录:结合态脂肪酸及其单体碳同位素特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以中国五大淡水湖泊之一的巢湖作为研究对象,在对18cm的沉积钻孔中TOC、TN、δ13C、和δ13N测定的基础上,通过对巢湖现代沉积物中结合态脂肪酸的组成及其单体碳同位素特征的讨论,探讨了近70年来巢湖的富营养化过程。研究结果表明,巢湖沉积物中总有机质基本参数变化可以划分成二个主要阶段,其中7cm至表层段,δ13N、TOC和TN显著增大,可能与该时期湖泊富营养化持续加剧有关。利用结合态脂肪酸单体分子C16∶0、C18∶2W6和单体分子组合TARFA、C18∶1w7/C18∶1w9、(i-C15∶0+a-C15∶0)/nC15∶0比值的特征变化,表明12cm以来结合态脂肪酸以内源的藻类和细菌输入为主,并且从下向上对沉积物中的结合态脂肪酸贡献不断增加,反映出湖泊富营养化过程。结合态脂肪酸以单体C16∶0为主峰,沉积剖面中结合态脂肪酸中单体C16∶0的δ13C值在12cm开始迅速的增加,可以作为指示巢湖富营养化发生的重要指标。 相似文献
6.
7.
为了探明HTO在海洋环境中的行为,采用同位素示踪技术研究了5种海洋贝类对HTO的吸收和贝类组织中结合态氚的形成动态.结果显示:贝类组织中的氚以自由水氚(即HTO)和结合态氚形式存在,以自由水氚为主,其量占贝类中总氚比活度的97.4%以上,结合态氚的含量很低,仅占贝类中总氚比活度的0.4%~2.6%.海洋贝类对自由水氚的吸收速度非常快,仅2h有3种贝类(青蛤、紫贻贝和焦河蓝蛤)已达最大值.结合态氚的形成和积累随时间呈缓慢增长的趋势.富集系数(CF)值分析表明,海洋贝类对HTO没有明显的富集作用. 相似文献
8.
南京地区土壤中有机氯农药残留及其分布特征 总被引:67,自引:1,他引:67
在 2 0 0 2年 4月— 2 0 0 3年 10月间 ,以网格法在农田土壤内均匀布点 ,另选择典型林地、闲置地及工业区土地采样 ,对南京地区土壤中有机氯农药残留及分布状况进行了研究 ,侧重探讨有机氯在不同利用类型土壤中的残留量、残留物的组成和分布状况 .研究结果表明 ,试区土壤HCHs和DDTs的检出率均高达 10 0 % ,残留范围分别为 2 7~ 13 0 6和 6 3~ 10 5 0 7μg·kg- 1 ,其中 >65 %的样点土壤有机氯残留总量低于 60 μg·kg- 1 .OCPs主要残留物为p,p’_DDE ,占残留总量的 80 %以上 .工业用地土壤中有机氯农药残留量明显低于农业土壤 ,不同利用类型土壤中有机氯残留总量排序为 :露天蔬菜地 >大棚蔬菜地 >闲置地 >旱地 >工业区土地 >水稻土 >林地 .与国内同类最新报道相比 ,南京地区土壤中OCPs的残留较低 ;而与国外相应值比较 ,南京地区土壤中OCPs残留量高于德国 ,低于阿根廷或波兰土壤中OCPs的残留 相似文献
9.
研究自然条件下沉积物中有机污染物沉积后的环境行为,考察澳门南湾湖钻孔沉积物中自由态和束缚态PAHs的含量与分布.研究表明,自由态PAHs以4-环、6,7-环和5-环为主,其质量百分贡献分别为28.7%~40.6%、17.6%~29.6%和13.2%~28.2%;而束缚态PAHs则以4-环、3-环和2-环为主,质量百分贡献分别为42.3%~55.8%、20.2%~35.8%和7.8%~18.8%.说明低分子量PAHs比高分子量PAHs更容易进入沉积有机质的孔隙中.自由态PAHs的垂直分布特征受区域经济发展及环境治理进程的影响,束缚态PAHs的含量一方面受控于PAHs的输入量,另一方面与沉积有机质的结构(特别是聚合程度)有关,随着沉积埋藏时间的延长有利于各化合物从自由态向束缚态转变. 相似文献
10.
垃圾焚烧飞灰熔渣的健康风险评价与豁免管理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对垃圾焚烧飞灰在环境中迁移转化过程的分析,对取自上海的垃圾焚烧飞灰及其处理后的熔渣进行了健康风险评价.结果表明上海原灰对儿童与成人的暴露危险指数分别为84.79和38.76,远大于可接受的风险水平(1),因此上海原灰对人体健康有较大的非致癌风险;而经过高温熔融处理之后的飞灰熔渣对儿童与成人的暴露危险指数分别为0.160和0 073 3,危险指数在可接受的范围之内,对环境和人体健康造成的危害较小,可以进行豁免,可按照一般废物进行管理. 相似文献