共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 387 毫秒
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克拉克凝析气田开发建设对胡杨林保护区植被的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过对塔里木胡杨自然保护区内吉拉克凝析气田建设进行的生态调查,论述了区域内的植被分布状况和生长特点,对植被生长的地理区域进行了研究,通过对吉拉克凝析气田开发建设对塔里木胡杨自然保护区植被的影响分析,提出了相应的恢复保护措施和建议。 相似文献
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气田开发对环境的影响及减少措施 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在天然气的开发过程中,钻井会造成地层结构、地貌和植被(或农作物)的破坏,采气会使地层压力下降,地层压力平衡状态被打破。西南油气分公司通过生产实践,详细探讨了钻井对环境的影响;天然气开采对地层的影响;气田水对环境的影响;SO2对环境的影响;井下作业废液对环境的影响;降低气田开发对环境影响的措施。 相似文献
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古尔班通古特沙漠南缘中段梭梭群落初步研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
前言梭梭(Haoxylonammodendron)在准噶尔盆地广为分布。盆地范围较大,各区自然环境有所差异,这一差异对生长在不同地段的梭梭群落的影响,目前还缺深入了解,我们对古尔班通古特沙漠南线中段进行了考察。现就该地的梭梭群落作一讨论,以分析环境差异对梭梭群落分布的影响。1自然条件及植被概况古尔班通古特沙漠南线中段位于中部天山北麓古老冲积平原上,北为连绵的沙漠,南临灌溉绿洲。由于上游截水灌溉,原有的老龙河早已断流,尾问湖车道海子,白家海子等都已干涸,目前该地大大的地表径流,除水库外办大较大的水体。该地的地理位置… 相似文献
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结合大量的实际调查资料,筛选出影响水土流失的因子,建立了预测水土流失的灰色状态模型;并以此分析了气田开发对水土流失的影响,最后作出了影响预测,并提出了相应的措施与对策。 相似文献
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区域地下水环境的保护是气田开发过程中环境保护工作的重点之一。通过现场调查和统计分析得知,外部污染源是影响当地地下水环境的主要因素,农田径流污染源是外部的主要污染源,以CODCr计其排放量分别约占外部污染源排放总量的67%,而钻井液漏失、天然气窜层、钻井废水排放等钻井作业是内部的主要污染源,其CODCr排放量约占内部污染源CODCr排放总量的62%,因而钻井作业的污染防治应是项目内部地下水污染防治工作的重点。根据地下水环境质量现状分析及变化趋势分析可知由于气田的开发建设,气田区地下水水质已受到一定程度的影响,特征污染物表现为CODCr、氨氮、氯化物、硝酸盐氮。为保护气田区地下水环境,分施工期和运营期两阶段设计了地下水环境保护方案,采取源头控制的清洁生产,至末端控制的污染治理并提出了突发污染事故应急预案,为气田的可持续开发提供指导。 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Howard Christopher J. Wells Thomas C. Michot Darren J. Johnson 《Environmental management》2014,54(1):30-50
Anthropogenic disturbances in wetland ecosystems can alter the composition and structure of plant assemblages and affect system functions. Extensive oil and gas extraction has occurred in wetland habitats along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast since the early 1900s. Activities involved with three-dimensional (3D) seismic exploration for these resources cause various disturbances to vegetation and soils. We documented the impact of a 3D seismic survey in coastal marshes in Louisiana, USA, along transects established before exploration began. Two semi-impounded marshes dominated by Spartina patens were in the area surveyed. Vegetation, soil, and water physicochemical data were collected before the survey, about 6 weeks following its completion, and every 3 months thereafter for 2 years. Soil cores for seed bank emergence experiments were also collected. Maximum vegetation height at impact sites was reduced in both marshes 6 weeks following the survey. In one marsh, total vegetation cover was also reduced, and dead vegetation cover increased, at impact sites 6 weeks after the survey. These effects, however, did not persist 3 months later. No effects on soil or water properties were identified. The total number of seeds that germinated during greenhouse studies increased at impact sites 5 months following the survey in both marshes. Although some seed bank effects persisted 1 year, these effects were not reflected in standing vegetation. The marshes studied were therefore resilient to the impacts resulting from 3D seismic exploration because vegetation responses were short term in that they could not be identified a few months following survey completion. 相似文献
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不同生态区域油气田开发对土地覆盖变化的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用RS-GIS技术,分析了四川合兴场气田周围1988年和2000年TM影像和新疆艾桑油气田周围1992年和2000年TM影像土地变化情况。分析结果表明:生态发达的四川合兴场气田周围在油田田开发前后主要为耕地,而建设用地在1988年占区域面积的12.6%,到2000年增加到17.8%。位于生态脆弱区的艾桑油气田,兴建前后主要土地利用类型均为戈壁荒漠、盐碱地,建设用地面积则明显增加,从1992年占总面积的0.02%增加到2000年的0.24%。由此可见,大面积分布式的油气田开发改变了油气田周围土地利用类型的分布。景观格局分析指数表明,四川合兴场周围多样性指数及均匀度指数均呈增加趋势,而艾桑油气田周围多样性指数及均匀度指数均呈现下降趋势。四川合兴场气田周围空间景观呈多样化发展,而新疆艾桑油气田周围空间景观多样性下降,荒漠土地呈扩大化发展趋势。 相似文献
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Short and sparse vegetation near shallow gas wells has generally been attributed to residual effects from well construction, but other mechanisms might also explain these trends. We evaluated effects of distance to shallow gas wells on vegetation and bare ground in mixed-grass prairies in southern Alberta, Canada, from 2010 to 2011. We then tested three hypotheses to explain why we found shorter vegetation and more bare ground near wells, using cattle fecal pat transects from 2012, and our vegetation quadrats. We evaluated whether empirical evidence suggested that observed patterns were driven by (1) higher abundance of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) near wells, (2) residual effects of well construction, or (3) attraction of livestock to wells. Crested wheatgrass occurrence was higher near wells, but this did not explain effects of wells on vegetation structure. Correlations between distance to wells and litter depth were the highest near newer wells, providing support for the construction hypothesis. However, effects of distance to wells on other vegetation metrics did not decline as time since well construction increased, suggesting that other mechanisms explained observed edge effects. Cattle abundance was substantially higher near wells, and this effect corresponded with changes in habitat structure. Our results suggest that both residual effects of well construction and cattle behavior may explain effects of shallow gas wells on habitat structure in mixed-grass prairies, and thus, to be effective, mitigation strategies must address both mechanisms. 相似文献
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Allen CD 《Environmental management》2009,43(2):346-356
Characterized by expensive housing, high socioeconomic status, and topographic relief, Upper Sonoran Lifestyle communities
are found primarily along the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) in the Phoenix, Arizona metro area. Communities like these sprawl
into the wildlands in the United States Southwest, creating a distinct urban fringe. This article, through locational comparison,
introduces and evaluates a new field assessment tool for monitoring anthropogenic impact on soil–vegetation interactions along
the well-maintained multi-use recreational trails in Upper Sonoran Lifestyle region. Comparing data from randomly selected
transects along other multi-use trails with data from a control site revealed three key indicators of anthropogenic disturbances
on soil–vegetation interactions: soil disturbance, vegetation disturbance, and vegetation density. Soil and vegetation disturbance
displayed an average distance decay exponent factor of −0.60, while vegetation density displayed a reverse decay average of
0.60. Other important indicators of disturbance included vegetation type, biological soil crusts, and soil bulk density. The
predictive ability of this new field tool enhances its applicability, offering a powerful rapid ecological assessment method
for monitoring long-term anthropogenic impact in the Upper Sonoran Lifestyle, and other sprawling cities along the WUI. 相似文献