混凝—热固化联合空气吹脱法处理高浓度水性油墨废水

采用混凝—热固化联合空气吹脱法处理高浓度水性油墨废水。混凝—热固化法处理高浓度水性油墨废水的优化工艺条件为混凝剂NS-1投加量7.36 g/L，热固化温度75 ℃，热固化时间30 min，在此条件下COD去除率达91.00%，色度去除率达99.00%。空气吹脱法处理混凝—热固化出水，初始ρ（氨氮）对氨氮去除率影响较小；气液比增大、废水pH升高、吹脱次数增加、废水温度升高均能提高氨氮去除率。在废水初始ρ（氨氮）为1 406.25 mg/L、气液比为2 667、废水pH为11.50、废水温度为25 ℃、连续吹脱4次的条件下，氨氮去除率达95.34%。     

新型复合混凝剂CD的研制及其对含油废水的混凝效果

用铝矾土、铝酸钙、六水三氯化铁和盐酸为原料制备新型复合混凝剂CD，考察了其混凝性能，讨论了混凝机理。制备复合混凝剂CD的最佳工艺条件：合成反应时间2h，合成反应pH约4．0，产品的盐基度约80％。混凝实验结果表明：复合混凝剂CD对含油废水的混凝处理效果优于混凝剂聚合氯化铝和聚合硫酸铁；复合混凝剂CD对废水pH（6～9）和废水温度（5～30℃）的适用范围较宽，由傅里叶红外光谱可推断复合混凝剂CD是由多种元素构成的无机高分子聚合物。     

混凝-催化氧化法预处理氨基C酸生产废水

采用混凝-催化氧化组合工艺预处理氨基C酸生产废水，考察了混凝剂加入量、废水pH、氧化剂加入量、反应时间和催化剂的重复使用次数等因素对废水处理效果的影响。混凝-催化氧化法预处理氨基C酸生产废水的最佳工艺条件为：质量分数为10％的FeSO4溶液作混凝剂，加入量为250InL／L；质量分数为1％的ClO2溶液作氧化剂，加入量为75mL／L；Ni／AC作催化剂，加入量为40g/L；废水pH为3．2；催化氧化反应时间为60min。在该条件下，废水的COD去除率可达78．4％，BOD，／COD由原来的0．076提高到0．292，可生化性得到明显改善。Ni／AC催化剂连续使用7次后仍保持稳定的催化活性。经济性初步分析表明，1t废水的处理成本约为16元。     

Fenton混凝沉淀法处理高浓度焦化废水的研究

对以H2O2为氧化剂,FeSO4.7H2O为催化剂的Fenton氧化法处理高浓度复杂焦化废水进行了系统研究,氧化处理后用氯化铁作为混凝剂,对COD、NH3-N、色度及浊度的去除率进行了考查。确定了氧化试验的影响因素和最佳混凝试验条件。结果表明:当pH值控制在3左右,反应时间为30 min,反应温度为80℃时,焦化废水COD,NH3-N,浊度和色度去除率分别达到了93.1%、96.2%、90.8%和90.2%。     

吸附-混凝-紫外光催化氧化法处理医药废水的研究

采用吸附—混凝—紫外光催化氧化法对医药废水进行处理。在废水pH为6.8、聚合氯化铝（PAC）和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的和量分别为400和12mg/L条件下，废水COD、色度去除率分别为37.8%、72.7%；在废水（混凝处理后）pH为3、分3次加入H2O2（投加量为2.5g/L）条件下，紫外光照射6h后，废水COD、色度去除率分别为97.6%、100%。用该法处理后的医药废水，其COD、色度去除率分别为99.1%、100%，出水水质达到医药行业废水二级排放标准。     

膜法处理难降解石化废水的预处理工艺研究

采用混凝法分别以聚合氯化铁（PFC）、聚合氯化铝（PAC）和聚合硫酸铁（PFS）为混凝剂处理天津某石油化工厂二级氧化处理工艺出水，PFC对废水COD的去除效果最好，在PFC加入量为120mg／L时，废水的COD去除率最高，为22．35％。经正交实验确定了Fenton试剂氧化法处理废水的最佳实验条件为：Fe^2＋加入量290mg／L、H2O2加入量100mg／L、pH=6、反应时间30min，此时COD去除率为20．45％。活性炭吸附法对废水的处理效果随活性炭加入量增加而改善，活性炭的最佳加入量为2000mg／L，此时废水的COD去除率最高，为87．78％。     

电解法处理采油废水的研究

以提高电解处理工艺的效率、降低处理成本、易于实现工业化为目标,筛选出适合处理采油废水的高效电极材料,考察了电解法处理采油废水的各种影响因素,确定实验室电解氧化法处理采油废水的适宜条件.研究结果表明:以析氯阳极 铁阴极作为试验电极材料,在电流密度为15 mA/cm2,电解时间为80min,水板比约0.10 cm2/cm3,弱碱性,极板间距为10mm的条件下对采油废水进行电解处理,COD去除率可达到73.0%,NH3-N去除率可达到98.5%.     

复合混凝剂的制备及活性染料的去除

以马铃薯淀粉、丙烯酰胺（AM）和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DADMAC）为原料进行接枝反应,将接枝产物（TSI）与聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）复配,制得新型复合混凝剂PAFC-TS1。优化了复合混凝剂制备的工艺条件。研究结果表明,复合混凝剂PAFC-TS1的优选制备条件为：OH^-浓度与铝铁总浓度的比（r）为0.5,铝铁总浓度与TS1的质量浓度比（R_m）为0.5 mol/g,铝铁摩尔比9∶1。在此条件下处理质量浓度为100 mg/L的活性染料废水,当混凝剂投加量为24 mL/L时,染料去除率可达97%以上。相同条件下,使用PAFC-TS1比单独使用PAFC或PAFC-PAM的染料去除率更高。     

混凝-氧化法预处理原料药废水

采用混凝-Fenton试剂氧化或混凝-臭氧氧化两种氧化技术预处理上海某医药集团原料药废水。实验结果表明：采用聚合氯化铝（PAC）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）复合混凝处理该废水，在混凝pH为9.5、混凝时间1h、PAC和PAM加入量分别为600mg/L和12mg/L时，COD的去除率可达23%；混凝后废水再分别用臭氧氧化和Fenton试剂氧化处理，臭氧氧化明显比Fenton试剂氧化经济有效，在臭氧氧化pH为10、臭氧加入量为15g/L、臭氧氧化时间为1h的条件下，废水COD去除率为27.8%，废水BOD₅/COD明显提高，为后续生化处理提供了良好的条件。     

混凝法处理丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂废水

以聚合氯化铝铁为混凝剂、阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺为助凝剂，采用混凝法处理丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂（ABS）废水（简称废水），考察了聚合氯化铝铁加入量、沉降时间、搅拌转速、搅拌时间、废水pH和混凝温度对废水处理效果的影响。实验结果表明，在聚合氯化铝铁加入量50mg／L、阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺加入量2mg／L、废水pH6．0～8．0、快速搅拌1min、慢速搅拌6min、沉降时间25min、混凝温度20～25℃的条件下，废水的SS去除率达97％以上，COD去除率达77％以上。     

改性粉煤灰混凝剂处理工业混合废水的试验研究

通过混合酸、氯化钠制备改性粉煤灰混凝剂,探讨粉煤灰粒度、酸用量、加热时间、反应温度等对废水处理效果的影响,得出制备混凝剂最佳工艺方案。通过正交试验,用最佳混凝剂处理工业混合废水,找出混凝剂投量、废水pH值、搅拌时间及静置时间等最佳参数,探索一条以废治废的可行方法。     

用聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂处理炼油厂废水

研究了以煤矸石和硫酸烧来主要原料研制的聚硅酸铁铝（ＰＳＦＡ）混凝剂对炼油厂废水的絮凝作用及混凝剂种类、用量和体系ＰＨ对混凝效果的影响,试验结果表明,在工ＰＨ范围内,ＰＳＦＡ对炼油废水具有良好的混凝处理效果。与传统混产剂相比,它具有破乳性能好、投量少、滤饼含水率低、上清液透光性好的特点。     

混凝技术在印染废水处理中的应用及研究进展

概括了混凝技术在印染废水的预处理和深度处理以及印染废水回用工艺的预处理等领域的应用情况。介绍了目前用于印染废水处理的无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂及复合混凝剂等的应用发展现状。复合混凝剂因各组分之间的协同作用提高了混凝性能,减少了投药量,进而降低了混凝污泥的产量。应对有机组分进行阳离子化,以减少无机组分的用量,并通过接枝反应等制备出具有多支链、含较多具有吸附功能的官能团结构的有机高分子,以提高混凝效果。应进一步针对实际印染废水,考察其他污染物以及实际操作条件对混凝效果的影响,以优化改良复合混凝剂。     

Using Chitosan as a Coagulant in Recovery of Organic Matters from the Mash and Lauter Wastewater of Brewery

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer which can be used to replace aluminum salts and chemical polymers as a coagulant to avoid the human health problems caused by the residual of aluminum and chemical polymers in water. Chitin is a major component in shrimp and crab shells, and chitosan can be produced from chitin via a deacetylated process. Since the biodegradation of chitin is very slow, large amount of discards from the processing of crustaceans has become a major concern in seafood industry. Therefore, more works are need to find the possible applications of chitin, chitosan and their derivatives. This research used chitosan as a coagulant to recover wheat dregs in the wastewater from washing the mash and the lauter unit in a brewery, and regards this study as an example to understand the influences of the characters of the wastewater on the treatment plant of brewery. The result shows that the␣wastewater from the mash and the lauter units can have the best treatment efficiency at the coagulant dosage of 120 mg/L in the original pH 4.5. Increasing the solution pH decreased the turbidity removal efficiency. The dominant mechanisms for chitosan to remove colloids in the␣wastewater are charge bridging and neutralization, and the later becomes less significant in␣the high pH. The coagulant of chitosan removed most of the colloidal form organic matter in the wastewater, but it has only little effect on the removal of dissolving organic matter. Chitosan is a natural material, after coagulation the sludge from the mash and lauter wastewater can serve directly as an animal husbandry fodder after been dehydrated. Therefore, the loading to wastewater treatment plant and the cost of treatment could be reduced.     

Use of Chitosan as Coagulant to Treat Wastewater from Milk Processing Plant

Chitosan is a natural high molecular polymer made from crab, shrimp and lobster shells. When used as coagulant in water treatment, not like aluminum and synthetic polymers, chitosan has no harmful effect on human health, and the disposal of waste from seafood processing industry can also be solved. In this study the wastewater from the system of cleaning in place (CIP) containing high content of fat and protein was coagulated using chitosan, and the fat and the protein can be recycled. Chitosan is a natural material, the sludge cake from the coagulation after dehydrated could be used directly as feed supplement, therefore not only saving the spent on waste disposal but also recycling useful material. The result shows that the optimal result was reached under the condition of pH 7 with the coagulant dosage of 25 mg/l. The analysis of cost-effective shows that no extra cost to use chitosan as coagulant in the wastewater treatment, and it is an expanded application for chitosan.     

湿法烟气脱硫废水中硫化物的去除试验研究

介绍了聚合硫酸铝铁（PAFS）去除湿法烟气脱硫废水中硫化物的原理。用聚合硫酸铝铁作混凝剂对定州电厂脱硫废水中硫化物进行了处理，并研究了pH值、混凝剂量、搅拌时间等因素对处理效果的影响。     

Recovery of coagulant from water supply plant sludge and its effect on clarification

Spent coagulant in water supply plant sludge was extracted with H₂SO₄ and the efficiency of the reused coagulant was studied. The optimum pH values for coagulant extraction and clarification with the reused coagulant were 3.0–4.0 and about 6, respectively. In treating raw influent obtained from a sewage treatment plant and wastewater from a coastal landfill site, the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, and total phosphorous with the recovered coagulant was higher than that with commercial aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride. In addition, the sludge settling properties, the extra sludge mass formation, the supernatant quality, and the cost of reagents were also studied. The coagulant recovered from water supply plant sludge by H₂SO₄ extraction could be successfully reused for the clarification of domestic and food industry wastewaters.     

湿法腈纶废水的生化处理

采用水解酸化—固定化微生物流化床—氧化混凝联合工艺处理湿法腈纶废水.该工艺采用的高效菌微生物固定化技术及新型氧化混凝技术均对湿法腈纶废水有较好的处理效果.实验结果表明:在水解酸化温度为42℃、水解酸化运行周期为20 h的条件下,接种活性污泥和高效菌的SBR的COD去除率为26.0％;在新型氯铁型氧化混凝剂加入量为15 mL/L的条件下,混凝出水COD可降至66 mg/L.水解酸化—固定化微生物流化床—氧化混凝联合工艺的总COD去除率可达89.4％.     

高炉渣制备聚硅酸硫酸铝铁混凝剂

以高炉渣为原料,分别采用酸浸及碱浸-酸化工艺得到铁、铝离子及聚硅酸,再将铁、铝离子引入聚硅酸制得聚硅酸硫酸铝铁(PSAFS)混凝剂。考察了PSAFS的聚合条件对焦化废水混凝效果的影响,并与市售混凝剂进行了对比。实验结果表明:PSAFS的最佳制备条件为n(Al+Fe)∶n(Si)=0.53,混凝剂p H=1,熟化时间0.5 h,熟化温度60℃;PSAFS加入量为4 m L/L时,混凝效果最好,对焦化废水的浊度和COD的去除率分别达到98.9%和74.5%;PSAFS的性能优于市售的3种混凝剂。