实验室有机废水的铁碳微电解预处理

采用铁碳微电解法对实验室有机废水进行小型处理实验,研究该方法的废水净化特性,并优化进水pH值、水力停留时间(HRT)和曝气量等主要运行工艺参数。通过正交实验得到最佳处理条件pH值为5,水力停留时间为6 h,曝气量为12 L·h~(-1)。以实际最佳条件运行反应器,废水COD去除率可达到85%,废水中芳香族化合物等难降解物质得到降解,BOD_5/COD由0.1提高到0.4以上,出水可生化性大幅提高。研究表明,铁碳微电解法适于处理实验室难降解有机废水,估算处理成本约为9.84元·m~(-3)废水。     

铁屑过滤+H2O2预处理难降解染料废水的研究

介绍了铁屑过滤+H2O2预处理难降解染料废水实验研究结果.采用铁屑过滤微电解法预处理难降解染料废水,当进水pH为4,停留时间为8 min时,出水BOD5/COD较原水提高0.2-0.3;若在铁屑过滤进水中加入H2O2(30%)8‰投加量,可使废水可生化性得到显著改善,有利于后续采用生化法处理.     

微电解法预处理大蒜废水试验研究

分析了大蒜废水的特点,探讨了微电解法预处理大蒜废水的可行性,并采用微电解一接触氧化工艺分别对大蒜废水和大蒜蔬菜混合废水进行了试验研究.结果表明,微电解法预处理大蒜废水是可行的,提高了废水的可生化性,微电解较佳停留时间为20 min,微电解-接触氧化工艺处理出水水质为COD≤100 mg/L.     

微电解预处理靛蓝牛仔布印染废水

靛蓝牛仔布印染废水组分复杂,浓度高、水量大,属于难处理的工业废水,为了有效降低后续生物处理单元的负荷,采用铁炭微电解工艺对该废水进行预处理；通过正交实验考察pH、反应时间及铁炭比处理效果的影响规律及COD去除反应动力学,并对各因素作了单因素影响实验,确定了最佳工艺条件.结果表明,铁炭微电解法是预处理靛蓝牛仔布印染废水的一种有效方法,在Fe/C为2:1、pH为3的条件下反应90 min,铁炭微电解出水COD的去除率在49.2％,色度去除率达到80％,该印染废水经微电解处理后,BOD5/COD比值可从原来的0.248上升至0.436,可生化性明显提高.此外,微电解预处理靛蓝牛仔布印染废水中COD的去除反应符合二级反应动力学规律.     

微絮凝-反渗透耦合过程深度处理邻苯二甲酸二辛酯化工废水

高浓度DOP有机化工废水生物毒性强,采用常规处理手段难完全降解,对环境存在较高危害性.采用微絮凝-反渗透耦合过程对DOP化工厂二级生化出水进行深度处理研究,考察了絮凝预处理的最佳条件,比较了BW30和CPA2两种反渗透复合膜对该实际废水的处理性能,并利用电子扫描电镜分析了废水处理过程中膜表面结构的变化.结果表明:絮凝预...     

铁-碳微电解法预处理老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究

由于老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液属于难降解废水,直接生物处理效果不佳。用微电解法预处理老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液后,结果表明,其COD、NH3-N和色度的去除率最高分别达到74％、79％和97.5％,可生化性也有很大提高,BODs/CODCr从0.04提高到0.29,为后续的生化处理创造了良好的条件。     

铁屑过滤＋H202预处理难降解染料废水的研究

介绍了铁屑过滤 H2O2预处理难降解染料废水实验研究结果。采用铁屑过滤微电解法预处理难降解染料废水，当进水pH为4，停留时间为8min时，出水BOD5／COD较原水提高0．2—0．3；若在铁屑过滤进水中加入H202(30％)8％。投加量，可使废水可生化性得到显著改善，有利于后续采用生化法处理。     

铁-碳微电解法预处理老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究

由于老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液属于难降解废水，直接生物处理效果不佳。用微电解法预处理老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液后，结果表明，其COD、NH3-N和色度的去除率最高分别达到74％、79％和97．5％，可生化性也有很大提高，BOD5／CODcr从0．04提高到0．29，为后续的生化处理创造了良好的条件。     

强化内电解预处理制药废水

为进一步提高铁炭内电解法处理制药废水的处理效率,采用添加不同强化剂的方法考察分析强化因子的影响效果.在C加入量10g/L,铁屑30g/L,反应时间150 min,pH值7.5的条件下,以不同的盐、金属铜、双氧水作强化剂分别加入反应体系中,检测COD去除效果.实验结果表明:当每升废水中分别加入氯化铜、硫酸锰、硝酸镍、金属...     

各种影响因子对电解法预处理医药废水的影响研究

探讨了电解法预处理医药废水时停留时间、电解电压、废水初始浓度、温度和废水pH值等影响因子对去除色度、COD和提高废水可生化性等处理效果的影响,并考察了其应用于工业实际废水处理的可行性.实验结果表明:电解法更适合高浓度医药废水的处理,色度的去除率可达到90%以上;电解时间宜控制在40～60 min;电解电压越高,废水COD和色度去除效果越好;在实验温度范围内,温度对色度和COD去除率的影响不大;废水pH值为7.5时电解效果最佳,工程运用宜控制在6～9之间.     

Fenton氧化法预处理难降解高浓度化工废水

难降解高浓度化工废水直接采用生化法处理较为困难,为了减少后续水处理系统处理难降解物质的量,采用Fenton氧化法对难降解高浓度化工废水进行预处理且非常有效.重点考察了pH、投药比例、投药量以及反应时间对Fenton氧化法预处理高浓度化工废水的影响.经过实验得出最佳条件:pH为3.5,投药比例为1.0 mL 50％(质量...     

微电解联合物化法处理维生素B12难降解废水的研究

对使用微电解联合物化法处理维生素B12难降解废水进行了分析。通过实验研究了微电解联合物化法处理维生素B12废水的最佳工艺条件。在最佳工艺条件下,维生素B12废水色度去除达88.46%,COD去除率达到71.06%。该处理方法最后将污染物质直接吸附于改性膨润土上,不产生浓缩废水、酸碱废水等更加难以处理的废水,并且不带入有毒有害物质,可以有效降低水中污染物含量,减少后续生物处理设备的污染负荷。     

Regulating colored textile wastewater by 3/31 wavelength ADMI methods in Taiwan

The wastewater from textile dyeing facilities is difficult to treat satisfactorily because of high compositional variability and high color intensity. To reduce colored effluents discharged into watercourses, the government of Taiwan adopted the Effluent True Color Standard in 1998. The true color discharge limit is 400 American Dye Manufactures Institute (ADMI) units. The adopted analytical method is the ADMI Tristimulus Filter Method (3 wavelength (WL) method), and the 31 WL ADMI method might be also adopted as an alternative for color value measurement. The refractory nature of textile dyes and the introduction of this new regulation present an environmental challenge to the Taiwanese textile industry. The main objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the efficacy of current wastewater treatment systems for controlling the colored textile wastewater discharges, and (2) evaluate the correlations between 3 and 31 WL ADMI methods. Ten representative textile wastewater treatment facilities employing biological and chemical coagulation treatment technologies were selected to perform a 10-consecutive-day effluent sampling and analysis. Results show that a significant difference between 3 and 31 ADMI methods was observed. These two ADMI methods cannot be substituted for each other, and the discharge standard should be determined based on the selected testing method. Investigation results also suggest that the commonly used wastewater treatment technology (biological + chemical coagulation) fails to effectively remove dye from the colored textile wastewater. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) addition was applied by most facilities as the temporary post-polishment step to comply with the color discharge standard.     

某化工园区污水分类收集分质处理系统设计

为了提高某化工园区污水处理效率以及降低污水处理费用,园区环保部门拟对园区污水收集体系进行升级改造。改造方案采用分类收集分质处理的设计思路,同时创新型的采用OUR污泥呼吸法对企业废水分为难降解有毒、难降解无毒、可生化3类,3类废水进入不同的收集池后前2类废水进行芬顿+微电解预处理,可生化类别直接进入生化系统。该种工艺路线较传统的全部接入进行预处理的方法更具先进性、高效性和经济性,可作为一种先进理念的收集体系使用到其他工业园区中进行推广应用。     

Fenton法及其在废水处理中的应用研究

Fenton法在处理难降解有机污染物时具有独特的优势．是一种很有应用前景的废水处理技术。文章介绍了该技术的发展过程、主要类型及应用状况,并对其在废水处理中的优势．存在问题和发展趋势作出评述。     

铁炭微电解深度处理焦化废水的研究

采用曝气铁炭微电解工艺对焦化废水进行了深度处理.结果表明,在活性炭、铁屑和NaCl投加量分别为10 g/L、30 g/L和200 mg/L的条件下反应240 min,出水COD去除率在30%～40%;酸性条件可以进一步提高COD去除率;微电解可以去除原生化出水中的难降解有机物,出水物质的分子量主要集中于2000 Da以下,以脂类和烃类化合物为主;出水的可生化性有了大幅度提高,BOD5/COD由0.08增加到0.53.实验结果表明,铁炭微电解是深度处理焦化废水的一种有效工艺.     

Phosphorus recovery from fosfomycin pharmaceutical wastewater by wet air oxidation and phosphate crystallization

Fosfomycin pharmaceutical wastewater contains highly concentrated and refractory antibiotic organic phosphorus (OP) compounds. Wet air oxidation (WAO)-phosphate crystallization process was developed and applied to fosfomycin pharmaceutical wastewater pretreatment and phosphorus recovery. Firstly, WAO was used to transform concentrated and refractory OP substances into inorganic phosphate (IP). At 200 °C, 1.0 MPa and pH 11.2, 99% total OP (TOP) was transformed into IP and 58% COD was reduced. Subsequently, the WAO effluent was subjected to phosphate crystallization process for phosphorus recovery. At Ca/P molar ratio 2.0:1.0 or Mg/N/P molar ratio 1.1:1.0:1.0, 99.9% phosphate removal and recovery were obtained and the recovered products were proven to be hydroxyapatite and struvite, respectively. After WAO-phosphate crystallization, the BOD/COD ratio of the wastewater increased from 0 to more than 0.5, which was suitable for biological treatment. The WAO-phosphate crystallization process was proven to be an effective method for phosphorus recovery and for fosfomycin pharmaceutical wastewater pretreatment.     

高效联苯降解菌的筛选及其特性

焦化废水属高浓度难降解工业有机废水,其中所含的多环芳烃属难降解有机物,且对环境产生毒害作用。为探索生物强化技术去除焦化废水中多环芳烃类化合物,采用选择性培养和多级富集的方法,以联苯为模型化合物,并作为惟一碳源,从焦化厂废水和污泥中分离和筛选得到6株联苯降解菌。通过逐渐提高底物浓度的方法驯化菌株后,从中筛选出降解效率最高的联苯降解菌株WIS-01,在此基础上进行菌属鉴定、细菌生长情况及联苯降解性能的研究。实验结果表明,3 d内菌株WIS-01对联苯的降解率可达99%以上,可耐受联苯的最高质量浓度为2 g/L。通过形态学、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列比对分析,确定菌株WIS-01属于假单胞菌属,同源性达95%,命名为Pseudomonas sp.WIS-01。     

Investigation on pretreatment of centrifugal mother liquid produced in the production of polyvinyl chloride by air-Fenton technique

Centrifugal mother liquid (CML) is one of the main sources of wastewater produced during the production of polyvinyl chloride in chlor-alkali industry. CML is a typical poorly biodegradable organic wastewater, containing many kinds of refractory pollutants. Specifically, it contains dissolved refractory polymers, especially polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which can pass though the biotreatment processes and clog the membranes used for further treatment. In this study, to ensure the CML applicable to biotreatment and membrane treatment, a novel efficient and mild technique, air-Fenton treatment, was employed as a pretreatment technique to improve biodegradability of the CML and to break down the polymers in the CML. Firstly, the technique was optimized for the CML treatment by optimizing the main parameters, including the dosage of ferrous sulfate, initial pH of the wastewater, [H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺], aeration rate, reaction time, and temperature, based on removal efficiency of COD and PVA from the CML. Then, the optimized technique was tested and evaluated. The results indicated that under the optimized conditions, the air-Fenton treatment could remove 66, 98, and 55 % of the COD, PVA, and TOC, respectively, from the CML. After the treatment, biodegradability of the wastewater increased significantly (BOD/COD increased from 0.31 to 0.68), and almost all of the PVA polymers were removed or broken down. Meanwhile, concentration of the remaining iron ions, which were added during the treatment, was also quite low (only 2.9 mg/L). Furthermore, most of the suspended materials and ammonia nitrogen, and some of the phosphorus in the wastewater were removed simultaneously.