高浓度含盐有机废液焚烧装置设计与工业应用

介绍了高浓度含盐有机废液焚烧装置,其使用焚烧技术处理废液,实现低污染大气排放,在伴烧一定量的天然气的同时也利用了废液的热量,并回收余热实现能源循环利用.针对传统的绝热焚烧炉膛运行过程中的耐火砖寿命短、余热回收系统易堵塞、运行不稳定等问题,该系统设计了非绝热炉膛余热回收系统.非绝热炉膛利用废液焚烧后产生的熔融盐液做炉体保...     

压裂废液处理技术研究进展

综述了当前油气井作业中压裂废液处理的一些主要技术:氧化法、混凝法、Fe/C微电解法、多种处理技术联合使用等,从六个方面探讨了当前处理方法中存在的主要问题,指出了压裂废液处理技术的一个重要研究方向是优化压裂废液处理工艺,开发稳定可靠,高效价廉且无二次污染的压裂废液处理剂。     

利用湿式氧化法处理油气田压裂废液

以间歇型水热反应装置为反应器处理油气田压裂废液.通过正交实验分析各相关因素对压裂废液COD去除率的影响程度。结果表明:湿式氧化法处理油气田压裂废液可迅速加快反应速度.明显提高处理效率;各相关因素对压裂废液COD去除效率的影响由大到小依次为:反应时间>氧化剂>反应温度;在反应温度237℃,反应时间30 min.氧化荆添加量0.30 mL的条件下,COD的去除率达到94.0%。湿式氧化法可应用于油气田排出的高浓度压裂废液的处理。     

含铀TBP/OK废液相分离技术研究

为探究含铀TBP/OK废液高效低成本处理技术,采用磷酸加合水解法开展TBP/OK废液相分离技术研究,得出加合反应及加合物水解反应最佳条件试验参数。结果表明,采用磷酸加合水解法将煤油和TBP依次从TBP/OK废液中分离出来,能大幅降低放射性废液体积,分离后煤油和TBP实现分类处理能有效降低放射性废液处理难度。     

高浓度含砷废液的直接固化稳定化试验研究

应用固化和稳定化技术处理高浓度含砷废液,结果表明该方法在处理浓度高达100,000mg/L含砷废液时非常有效,能将高浓度的含砷废液直接转化成非浸出性废渣,可以最终安全填埋.     

缫丝废液的综合利用

缫丝废液中含有丰富的蛋白质，直接排入严重污染环境，废液中的蛋白质能用化学或生物化学方面水解成有用的氨基酸，后者是化学，医药，食品，饲料工业的重要原料，本文报道了缫丝废液中蛋白质酸水解和酶水解的研究结果以及部分酶水解的规律。     

国外科技

日本镀镍废液处理新技术ＮｅｗＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓＢｅｉｎｇＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｆｏｒＮｉｃｋｅｌＰｌａｔｉｎｇＷａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｉｎＪａｐａｎ日本的一家公司最近开发成功了一项高浓度废液非电解镀镍更新废液的设备处理技术,使废液与...     

含亚硝酸根废液的处理方法

特许甲请范围将含亚硝酸根的废液与从重亚硫酸钠、重亚硫酸钾及重亚硫酸镁中被选出的至少一种重亚硫酸盐在pH3—7时接触为特点,处理含亚硝酸根废液的方法。发明的详细说明本发明系处理含亚硝酸根废液的处理方法.     

胍胶压裂返排液固液分离试验

胍胶压裂返排液具有高黏度、难固液分离的特征。强化该类废液的固液分离效果是开展深度处理的前提,去除废液中泥砂、岩屑、胍胶残渣等颗粒物,可确保处理后水水质达到再利用要求。通过室内试验得出影响该类废液固液分离效率的主要因素,包括废液黏度、颗粒物密度、粒径及混凝效果,并就延时混凝技术强化固液分离效果进行了试验研究。采用延时混凝形成的絮体粒径较常规絮凝物增加0.7~1.8 mm,絮凝物沉淀速率由常规的18 mm/s增加至25 mm/s,该试验研究为胍胶压裂返排液处理设备优化设计提供了技术依据。     

环境监测实验室的废液处理

环境监测实验室的废液一直没有进行规范化管理，随着环境监测标准化站的建设和实验室认可工作的开展，环境监测实验室的废液污染应引起重视。文章简要阐述了环境监测实验室废液的来源及废液的收集原则，详细介绍了环境监测实验室常用有机溶剂的回收技术，提出了含不同污染物的实验室废液的处理方法。     

利用造纸黑液回收电镀废液中铬的研究

本文报道了利用造纸黑液回收电镀废液中铬的方法，阐明了造纸黑液中所含有还原性物质与Ｃｒ＾６＋的反应机理；讨论了进行反应的最佳条件以及采用这一方法对废液的治理效果。     

废液处理新工艺超临界水氧化（SCWO）评述

超临界水氧化是一项对有机废液焚烧处理最有潜力的替代技术,在过去的20多年里,这项技术引起了广泛的关注。然而,作为一项管端技术,超临界水氧化仍存在许多不足,这些不足阻碍了它的工业应用。除了反应器腐蚀和盐析导致的技术问题外,超临界水氧化经常被认为是一项处理所有废液的“通用”技术,然而也是无法实现的“通用”技术。本文介绍了作为管端处理技术的超临界水氧化技术存在的问题,讨论了可能的解决办法,介绍了不同反应器的概念,提出了在超临界水氧化领域里开展进一步研究和发展新工艺流程的建议。此外,评价了超临界水氧化技术涉及到的自身能源供应问题。     

再生造纸废水絮凝除浊试验研究

本研究采用絮凝法对再生造纸废水中含细小纤维、无机填料的悬浮物进行处理试验，比较了硫酸亚铁与聚丙烯酰胺复合絮凝剂和聚硅酸氯化铁盐两种絮凝剂的絮凝效果，研究了制备聚硅酸氯化铁盐的铁硅比、pH值、碱化度以及投加量与废水除浊率之间的相互关系。实验结果表明：在最佳条件下，絮凝效果优异，除浊率达到98％，上清液无色透明。     

Studies on solvent extraction of iron(III) as a step for conversion of a waste effluent to a value added product

Solvent extraction of iron(III) from actual sulphate waste pickle liquor was investigated using trialkylphosphine oxide diluted with kerosene. The waste pickle liquor was procured from a local company which deals with the manufacturing of pipes and tubes made of iron and steel. Various parameters were studied to optimise a suitable condition for the maximum extraction of iron. The composition of the aqueous feed used in the experiment was 60.88 g/L Fe(III), 53 g/L acid with traces of Cu, Ni and Co. An ambient extraction at 30 °C yielded acceptable kinetics and loading efficiency for 40% trialkylphosphine oxide with a saturated loading capacity of 51.85 g/L in four contacts at O/A ratio of 1/1 in a multiple contact mode. Iron from the loaded organic was stripped using various strippants such as distilled water, H₂SO₄ and oxalic acid. Since only 32% of loaded Fe could be stripped with 2 M H₂SO₄ in five contacts, further stripping was done with 5% oxalic acid which showed a very promising result. It was found that almost 100% of Fe(III) could be stripped out with 5% oxalic acid at O/A of 1/1 in five contacts.     

微波处理造纸黑液滤渣及其开发与利用

利用微波处理酸析混凝沉淀法产生的造纸黑液滤渣，制成多孔状炭直接应用于造纸黑液的脱色，经脱色的溶液比原沉淀分离后的上清液脱色率提高38．5％，比市售活性炭脱色效果提高11．0％，比未加气孔引发剂微波烧制的炭脱色率提高3．5％。结果表明，采用微波处理造纸黑液滤渣制成的炭有明显的脱色效果，同时避免了造纸黑液滤渣对环境的二次污染。     

改性黑液木质素胶的研制及其应用

本文研究了以造纸黑液为原料制备改性黑液木质素胶,并讨论了这种胶的性能及其在人造板生产中的应用。     

Resource utilization of wasted black pulping liquor for biodiesel production by Scenedesmus obliquus

The possibility of application of black liquor for oil-riched algae cultivation is inspected. The results show that after ligin removal and enzymatic hydrolysis, the hydrolysate of black liquor contained 9.18 g L^?1 of reducing sugar. When the hydrolysate was used for Scenedesmus obliquus (S. obliquus) cultivation, a 1.23 g L^?1, 24.52%, and 23.20 mg L^?1d^?1 was obtained for growth yield, oil content, and the lipid productivity, seperately. The hemicellulose was extracted from black liquor and hydrolyzed. With addition of 3 g L^?1 yeast extract, the growth yield of S. obliquus in hemicellulose hydrolysate increased to 2.7 g L^?1, an increase of 26.8% than that of in glucose medium, oil content was 25.7% and the final lipid productivity reached 53.37 mg L^?1d^?1. The results indicate that black liquor can not be directly used by microalgae, but with approprate treatment, the carbohydrate of it could be recovered and uitilized for the oil production from microalgae.     

A critical review on plastic waste administration

The management of plastic waste through various methods such as landfilling, recycling, and incineration has several inherent shortcomings, such as a lack of resources, preparation, motivation, financial power, and expertise. Additionally, these methods are unable to handle the quantity and types of plastic waste, nor do they increase the public's interest in plastic waste management practices. According to research, environmental, economic, and social factors are the main drivers for reducing plastic waste. Experts from around the world have identified four significant areas of concern for which solutions have been proposed: methods of plastic waste reduction and management, the amount of plastic waste, the quality of waste/plastic, and awareness of plastic waste management/cost of plastic waste management. However, individual solutions proposed for these key areas of concern are facing several challenges, leading to delays in their adoption or less popularity globally. The review has identified the reasons for the less popularity of existing plastic waste management methods, which are less environmentally friendly and have a complex process, hence requiring serious reconsideration from technocrats and researchers to develop more sustainable and efficient procedures that do not produce more hazardous by-products. This study also found that financial incentives are one of the main drivers to ensure the mass participation of lower and working-class people.     

含油污水中固体废物固化与燃煤混烧的可行性

在含油污水处理过程中易产生含油污泥、活性污泥及浮渣等固体废物,利用传统的焚烧法、分离法、填埋法、生物降解法处理这些废物具有一定的缺陷和局限性。为了利用这些废物中的油及有机质的潜在能量,大庆炼化公司对固体废物进行了脱水固化试验。结果表明,脱水后的废物可以达到较好的固化状态,并具有一定的热值。固化废物经粉碎处理后,可按一定比例与燃煤混烧。在正常生产状况下,热电厂可保证混合燃烧的效果,其总体热值不会降低。混烧后的灰渣和炉渣可作为水泥厂的原料。该方法有利于环境保护,但其工业化生产可行性有待于进一步证实。