大型复杂采空区隐患治理工程安全性评价技术实践

本文通过某矿大型复杂采空区隐患治理工程的安全性评价技术实践,总结和分析了大型复杂采空区隐患治理工程的安全性评价技术,指出大型复杂采空区隐患治理工程评价要建立在深入现场勘察的基础上,结合有效的安全评价方法,才能得出科学、客观和公正的评价结论。论文为同类项目的安全评价提供了有益参考。     

陆上油田油气集输站场安全现状评价探讨

陆上油田油气集输站场安全现状评价的目的是根据该类站场安全管理和设施设备运行现状,查找出生产运行过程中各个系统存在的事故隐患,并提出针对性、技术可行性、经济合理性的安全对策措施建议。本文从安全管理和安全技术方面对油气集输站场安全现状评价的重点、存在的主要隐患、隐患产生的主要原因进行了阐述,对于加强油气集输站场的安全管理、生产过程中的安全运行和隐患治理资金的合理投入具有一定的现实意义。     

模糊综合评价对采空区自然发火的评价及应用

采空区自然发火的影响因素很多,各因素之间的相对重要性不同。同时随着工作面的推进,采空区是一个动态、复杂的变化过程。本文通过对采空区发火的相关因素分析,建立采空区自然发火的安全指标体系,然后利用模糊数学理论,对采空区自然发火危险性进行综合评价,掌握采空区发火的可能性和相对安全状态,为制定及时有效的采空区自然发火的防治措施提供理论参考。最后用模糊综合评价法对以唐口煤矿1302工作面采空区进行评判,所得结论与实际情况一致,证实了模糊综合评价对采空区自然发火评价是可行的。     

地区煤矿采空区隐患分析及治理技术研究

采空区区域的地面通常容易出现变形或塌陷等问题,给采空区上部居民和建筑带来重大的安全隐患,本文以宁乡为例提出该地区采空区存在的隐患,关对其治理技术进行探讨。     

“金属矿山采空区地质危险源超前预报及监测预警技术研究”获2013年度“神华杯”中国职业安全健康协会科学技术奖二等奖

金属矿山采空区地质危险源超前预报及监测预警技术研究项目由中国安全生产科学研究院和中国五矿集团公司共同合作完成。该项目研究内容：（1）金属矿山采空区危险源地质超前预报技术研究。（2）矿山采空区风险分级管理技术研究。（3）采空区动力灾害监测、预警技术。（4）技术成果应用。技术特点：（1）提出了一整套基于地质超前预报技术精确探测采空区风险辨识及控制流程;（2）建立了包括基于探测技术和数值模拟技术的金属采空区风险评价体系;（3）提出了五矿集团采空区风险分级管理技术;（4）研制了采空区围岩应力锚杆在线监测预警系统;（5）提出了合成孔径雷达对地表移动监测预警技术方法。应用推广情况：（1）在五矿邯邢矿业有限公司符山铁矿应用,治理了黑铁峧尾矿库下伏采空区重大安全隐患,保证了黑铁峧尾矿库下游的村庄、厂房等的生命和财产安全。（2）通过一整套采空区精确探测流程,查明了西石门铁矿区周边不明采空区分布情况,为矿区深部开拓工程提供了基础数据,节省了钻探费用396万元／年,解放了价值2亿元的资源。（3）避免了五矿集团所属33家矿山采空灾害的发生和在复杂采空区环境下进行安全开采,产生了200多万的直接经济,同时也使得近4亿元的资源得以开发利用。     

基于模糊模式识别的金属矿采空区危险性综合评价

在传统模糊综合评价方法的基础上,为了避免计算时模糊合成算子的选择,克服其结果趋向均化的缺点,提出基于权广义距离之和最小的模糊模式识别的采空区模糊综合评价模型.该评价模型建立在评价指标体系的基础上,将层次分析法与模糊数学理论相结合,运用改进的层次分析法确定各指标的权重,采用系统模糊决策理论对采空区进行综合评价.分别应用传统方法和模糊识别方法对某金属矿西南采区的采空区危险性进行评价.结果表明,该模型对原始数据的变动较为敏感,并且它集成了各个影响因素的信息,提高了采空区危险性评价的合理性和可靠性,更符合工程实际.     

模糊综合评价对采空区自然发火的评价及应用

采空区自然发火的影响因素很多,各因素之间的相对重要性不同.同时随着工作面的推进,采空区是一个动态、复杂的变化过程.本文通过对采空区发火的相关因素分析,建立采空区自然发火的安全指标体系,然后利用模糊数学理论,对采空区自然发火危险性进行综合评价,掌握采空区发火的可能性和相对安全状态,为制定及时有效的采空区自然发火的防治措施提供理论参考.最后用模糊综合评价法对以唐口煤矿1302工作面采空区进行评判,所得结论与实际情况一致,证实了模糊综合评价对采空区自然发火评价是可行的.     

安全评价技术的探讨

以研制系统安全评价标准为切入点,对系统安全性评价的用途,系统固有危险性评价,事故直接隐患评价,事故间接隐患评价等诸方面,从理论上作了深入的阐述,对指导企业搞好安全评价工作,提高安全管理水平,减少和控制事故有较强的参考和实用价值.     

金属矿山采空区灾害防治技术研究综述

我国是世界上金属矿生产第一大国,有一万多座地下金属矿山,每年采出20多亿吨矿石,使得采空区问题日益严重。通过系统性地开展采空区灾害基础理论研究,明确了采空区和采空区群的定义,提出了采空区的类型和等别划分依据。针对采空区引发的地压灾害、水害和内因火灾,从探测预报、风险评估、状态监测和隐患治理四个方面,梳理了当前研究进展,介绍了典型关键技术和部分成果,归纳建立了以采空区灾害防治为核心的知识体系,展望了今后的研究方向和技术重点。     

国家安全监管总局矿山采空区灾害防治重点实验室

<正>中国安全生产科学研究院矿山采空区灾害防治实验室是国家安全监管总局授权的安全生产重点实验室,获得了实验室认可(CNAS)、计量认证(CMA),具有安全生产检测检验甲级资质。实验室定位于矿山采空区探测、风险评估、灾害监测等主要研究方向,综合应用地球物理、工程力学、信息通讯、微波遥感等前沿技术,开展理论研究、模拟实验、工程应用和人才培养,为我国矿山采空区灾害防治关键技术和共性技术研究提供实验和检测能力。实验室有各类大型科研仪器设备80余台/套,总价值3000余万元,并在北京密云投资4500万建成科研实验基地,拥有建筑面积3647.5m~2的地下实验室,在矿山采空区地压灾害、塌陷灾害、透水灾害防治关键技术创新研究方面具备鲜明特色。     

Gender differences in DUI offenders in treatment in Texas

OBJECTIVE: This is a study of 8,464 adult women and 21,155 adult males who entered substance abuse treatment in Texas between 2000 and 2005. Participants were either on probation for driving under the influence (DUI), were referred to treatment by DUI probation, or had been arrested for DUI in the past year. METHODS: The female and male clients were compared on demographic characteristics, substance use patterns, DSM-IV diagnoses, and levels of impairment. T tests and chi square tests were used to determine significance and multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of completing treatment and being abstinent at follow-up. RESULTS: The proportion of females who were sent to treatment as a result of DUI increased from 27% in 2000 to 32% in 2005. Females were significantly more likely than males to be White (73% vs. 56%), to have used substances a shorter period of time (17 vs. 19 years), to be seeking custody to regain their children (11% vs. 2%), to meet the DSM criteria for drug dependence (32% vs. 23%), to have injected drugs (31% vs. 23%), to have used substances daily (42% vs. 40%), to have a depressive disorder (16% vs. 7%) or bipolar disorder (12% vs. 5%), and to be have been in treatment before (60% vs. 49%). In contrast, males were more likely to be alcohol dependent (49% vs. 44%). Females were less likely to complete treatment (67% vs. 72%) and reported significantly more days of problems on the 6 domains of the ASI at both admission and at 60-day follow-up. Furthermore, at follow-up, they were more likely to be living with someone who abused alcohol or used drugs (9% vs.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Although females comprised only 29% of the DUI treatment admissions, they were more impaired and experienced more problems than their male counterparts. The findings indicate that additional resources, including treatment for co-occurring mental health problems and living in sober households, may be keys to helping these women achieve abstinence and prevent additional DUI episodes.     

Trends in chemical hazards in Japan

In the past, the chemical industry in Japan has been the cause of a number of major industrial accidents. Subsequent to each accident, specific lessons have been learned. These lessons learned have been implemented in terms of safety education of the employees and/or safety measures of the equipment and facilities resulting in a rapid decrease of corresponding accident frequencies. In this paper, we summarized both recent and past major accidents caused by chemical substances in fixed installations in Japan. Case studies show that runaway reactions are among the main causes of major accident occurrences in the chemical process industry in Japan. A recent fatal poisoning accident caused by H₂S gas generated during maintenance work again highlights the necessity of adequate safety management in a chemical factory. Therefore, even if hazard evaluation of chemical substances and chemical processes is necessary to prevent runaway reactions, human error is also an important factor contributing to reaction hazards [Wakakura, M. (1997) Human factor in chemical accidents, J. Safety Eng. High Press. Gas. Safety Inst. Japan, 34, 846].     

Violence in the workplaces in Finland

The aim of this study was to describe violence in Finnish workplaces by comparing it with leisure-time violence. The data were derived from 13,762 interviews made from a representative sample of the Finnish population in 1988. The subjects were asked to report all the violent incidents they had encountered during the previous 12 months. There were 394 victims of violence in workplaces, that is, 40.6 victims per 1,000 workers. The rate of occupational violence was almost identical for males (40.6) and females (40.5). The most hazardous occupations were prison guard, police officer, and mental health nurse. The main reasons for violence at work were related to refusal of an authority's order to go away or to the relationship between doctor or nurse and patient. A typical assailant was an unaccompanied man who was under the influence of alcohol.     

Trends in occupational hygiene in Finland

The aim of this work is to evaluate and describe the current status of, and prospects for, the future of occupational hygiene in Finland. The main sources of information include a seminar held in the annual meeting of Finnish Occupational Hygiene Society and interviews with different stakeholders. Nanotechnology and other new materials, changing work environments, circular economy including green jobs, new medical methods and advances of construction methods were recognized as future challenges. Future work opportunities for occupational hygiene experts included exposure assessments in indoor air surveys, private consulting and entrepreneurship in general, international activities and product safety issues. Unclear topics needing more attention in the future were thought to be in new exposures, sensitive persons, combined effects, skin exposures and applicability of personal protective equipment. Occupational hygiene should broaden its view; occupational hygienists should have to cooperate with other specialists and grasp new challenges.     

我国非煤矿山安全生产的差距

从我国非煤矿山安全生产立法、安全生产管理体制、监察执法、群众监督、宣传教育、科研、矿山企业等方面与国外矿业进行了对比分析，分析了我国非煤矿山存在的问题以及与国外的差距，最后分析了产生问题与差距的原因。     

WTO与中国安全生产

新世纪之始,中国将要迈进世界贸易组织（ＷＴＯ）。在入世的过程中,与美国为首的发达国家之间始终存在着阻挠与反阻挠、限制与反限制的斗争,目前虽已告一段落,但远未结束。可以预见,中国加入ＷＴＯ之后,斗争非但不会停止,甚至可能会更复杂、更激烈。这场经济、贸易斗争实际上还有着深刻的政治与社会背景。最近几年,发达国家一直在努力使社会条款纳入世界经济贸易体系之中,在“关注发展中国家人权状况”的旗号下,反复提出“劳工标准”问题,即把本国安全生产问题与国际贸易挂钧。实际上这是“涂上绿色’”的贸易保护主义。中国是一…     

九月北京，国际盛会

第二届中国国际安全生产论坛于9月2日在人民大会堂开幕,国务委员、国务院秘书长华建敏,国家局局长王显政,国际劳工组织东亚地区局局长克里斯廷等领导参加开幕式     

在回顾中思考 在创新中发展

2008年,是中国的奥运之年,也是中国林科院建院50周年、哈尔滨林机所建所50周年、<林业劳动安全>杂志创刊20周年. <林业劳动安全>的诞生,为林业安全文化建设开辟了一片广袤的园地,为加强学术交流打开了一洞明亮的牕牖,为行业安全的发展提供了一块方正的铺路石……