我国石化企业建立环境管理体系的意义及建议

介绍了ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系的内容。通过分析我国石化企业的现状和建立ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系的意义，提出了建立ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系是提高企业管理水平的有效途径的观点。最后，探讨了现阶段石化企业建立ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系的步骤。     

ISO14000环境管理系列标准的产生及实施

ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准的产生在全世界引起了强烈反响。本文对ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理系列标准产生的背景。特点及实施情况给予了介绍，并指出了建立环境管理体系牟企业的重要作用。     

建立区域ISO14000环境管理体系的构想

ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理标准体系在区域环境管理方面的应用尚在探索阶段，通过对上海浦东金桥出口加工区建立ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系的构想，讨论了区域环境管理体系的内容，特点、运行模式以及绩效分析；提出小政府大市场的体制下，以区内企业的意愿为基础；用物业是环式管理区域环境是切实可行的。     

环境管理目标在国企日益升温

据专家预测，到２００５年前后，我国获 ＧＢ／Ｔ２４０００－ＩＳＯ１４０００认证的企业，将超过 ＧＢ／Ｔ１９０００－ＩＳＯ９０００认证企业数。 企业何以会对环境管理 标准情有独钟？ 首先，让我们回顾一下 ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系标准的制定过程：１９９０年，世界上最大的非政府性国际标准机构──ＩＳＯ和国际电工委员会出版了《展望未来──高新技术对标准的需求》一书，认为环境与安全问题是标准化工作最紧迫的问题之一。１９９１年，成立了环境战略咨询组──ＳＡＧＥ，提出了标准化工作战略性原则的３条意见：一是今后所…     

ISO14000国际环境管理标准——建立企业自己规划的方法

本文通过对ＩＳＯ１４０００国际环境管理标准的产生和发展的阐述，介绍了ＩＳＯ１４０００标准在美国企业界的反响，对美国政府来说，希望采用ＩＳＯ１４０００标准来规范企业行为，而对于美国企业来说，他们对ＩＳＯ１４０００标准这一新生事物仍然持徘徊观的态度，企业希望得到ＩＳＯ１４０００标准的帮助，但是不知用何种方式去接受这一套标准，宾西法尼亚州的环保官员所作的尝试可能会给这些企业一点有益的启示。     

预防环境污染,改善环境行为的重大行动——ISO14000环境管理系列国家标准述

实施ＩＳＯ１４０００是我国企业走向国际市场的需要，本文对如何实施ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准其中包括概念，内容，实施要点等方面作了较为详细的介绍和探讨。     

21世纪的环境管理——论ISO14000环境管理系列标准

ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理系列标准是国际标准化组织的ＴＣ２０７环境管理技术委员会制定的旨在加强环境管理的国际标准。本文论述了ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准的由来，基本框架及内容，系列标准的特点及其特点，并对我国积极推行ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准的状况作了全面阐述。     

加强企业环境管理,迎接ISO14000的挑战

ＩＳＯ１４０００系列环境管理标准是国际标准化组织继ＩＳＯ９０００后的重大举措，是当今国际潮流。本文从ＩＳＯ１４０００对国际贸易的影响及对消费倾向的引导等方面分析了其对我国企业的冲击，指出我国企业应认识到问题的严重性，并将实施ＩＳＯ１４０００作为企业自身发展的需要，采取积极，有效的措施，逐步达以标准要求并通过认证。     

ISO14000系列环境管理标准及其实施和影响

ＩＳＯ１４０００系列环境管理标准及其实施和影响国家环保局环境管理体系审核中心彭小燕近一个时期以来，国际上对ＩＳＯ１４０００系列环境管理标准进行了十分广泛而深入地探讨。国际标准化组织以前所未有的速度．前所未有的行动规模，用不到３年时间基本完成了这一系列...     

预防环境污染、改善环境行为的重大行动──ISO14000环境管理系列国际标准述评

实施ＩＳＯ１４０００是我国企业走向国际市场的需要，本文对如何实施ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准其中包括概念、内容、实施要点等方面作了较为详细的介绍和探讨。     

环境综合整治是现代化城市管理的必然途径

环境综合整治是我国环保工作的重要政策，杨浦区通过开展环境综合整治定量考核，取得了较好的效果，数据表明区域的环境质量有明显提高，其体会是：环境综合整治要以责任制为龙头，以规划为依据，以“三依靠”为基础，使区域内的环境与经济协调发展，加强环境综合整治已成为各级政府现代化管理城市的重要手段。     

关于加强餐饮业的环境管理

通过对建华区餐饮业现状及存在问题的调查,从对餐饮业的监督管理、实施行政干预、加强排污收费力度、提高业主的环保意识、提高管理效力、强化执法力度、加强污染治理等方面提出了加强餐饮业环境管理的建议,指出加强城区餐饮业的环境监督管理已成为城市建设的重要组成部分。     

Joint management of energy and environment

According to the Kyoto Protocol, by 2012 Norwegian emissions of greenhouse gases must be reduced by about six per cent lower than the 1996 level. In order to achieve this target, the Norwegian Government intends to give greater priority to energy efficiency measures, renewable energy sources and the use of heat pumps.Even though Energy Management should be integrated in EMS, empirical data indicates that it is not. Energy Management is separated from EMS in Norwegian industry. Focusing on the quality of the energy consumed, facilitates the utilization of wasted, low temperature energy sources. However, empirical data indicate that energy intensive food companies do not emphasize the portion of renewable energy sources they consume, or the quality of their energy consumption. This paper discusses integration of Energy Management into EMS. Better integration of existing energy and environmental schemes represents a CO₂ reduction potential that may be realised at short-term, net cost savings. This paper argues for the joint management of energy with the environment.     

ISO14001标准中环境因素的识别与评价方法研究

全面识别组织的环境因素,准确评价重要环境因素是建立与保持ISO14001环境管理体系的基础.目前中国已有多个城市、开发区和风景区建立了区域性环境管理体系(简称REMS),该体系所涉及的环境因素范围广泛且数量众多,因此单独使用任何一种方法都难以达到对这种复杂体系的环境因素识别与评价的需要.在厦门鼓浪屿建立环境管理体系的过程中,提出了适合于REMS的环境因素分类与识别方法,并建一套由环境因素的法律法规符合性、可控制、重要度三个评价因子和多个评价准则构成的,定性与定量方法相结合的评价体系.     

虚拟现实技术在环境管理中的应用

简介虚拟现实技术的发展及其应用概况，对虚拟现实技术应用于环境管理的可行性及优越性进行了分析，并从区域环境规划、环境治理、环境决策、环境预测、环境数学与科研等方面对具体的应用进行了探讨。     

Stakeholders and environmental management systems: a synergistic influence on environmental imbalance

This article analyzes the combined effects of stakeholder pressure and the implementation of environmental management systems on organizations’ environmental behaviors. Beyond their individual effects, the implementation of an environmental management system should enhance the effect of stakeholder pressure on environmental imbalance, defined as the divergence between what the organization does and what it should do. Information collected from 3748 industrial plants in seven countries provides empirical evidence that supports the study propositions. Therefore, this study contributes to both the debate about the effectiveness of environmental management systems and the effort to explain the complex relationship between organizations and their stakeholders in environmental matters.     

城市政府建立环境管理体系的绩效分析

从城市的可持续发展和建立循环经济社会框架的需求出发．阐述了城市政府建立环境管理体系的必要性和意义；并分别从构筑沟通、监督、服务、链接四大平台．提高政府对突发事故的应急能力。建立循环经济社会框架，提高招商引资的竞争力和培养全员环境保护意识从五个方面分析论证了建立环境管理体系可以取得的环境绩效，最终做到规范政府管理，实现环境与经济，社会的协调发展。     

The LIFE certification methodology as a diagnostic tool of the environmental management system of the automotive industry

We conducted a diagnosis of the environmental management system of the Brazilian auto parts industry, using the LIFE certification methodology (lasting initiative for earth) as a diagnostic tool. This certification recognizes enterprises that develop conservation actions for biodiversity for the purpose of minimizing and/or mitigating their own negative impact on the environment. Through this method, it was possible to quantify and qualify the environmental impact and investigate the existence of conservation actions, as well as evaluate them quantitatively and qualitatively. Therefore, we used this methodology to demonstrate its potential as an economic instrument of environmental management through its application within an EMS certified to the ISO 14001 series. It was shown that there are many benefits of using sustainable environmental resources (possibility to return to ISE-Corporate Sustainability Index-Bovespa) and for the final disposal of waste from production. The main results indicated that the LIFE methodology allows companies to incorporate actions to biodiversity conservation transversally into their EMSs, which can increase the efficiency of enterprise management. We believe that the use of this management model by other companies will enable the intensification of conservation actions in protected areas in their regions.     

How environmental management driving forces affect environmental and economic performance of SMEs: a study in the Northern China district

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) form the core of societal and economic development. However, most people query on the implementation and performance of environmental management. In this paper, the manufacturing SMEs in Northern China with different pollution levels are studied to explore the main forces (e.g., government, society, market, and enterprise itself) driving SMEs for promoting environmental management. It focuses on the correlation between environmental management and economic performance for SMEs at different pollution levels. The results show that SMEs of different pollution levels have significant differences in the relationship of driving forces and performance. First, for SMEs with high-pollution levels, social and market driving forces and government incentives are revealed having a significant effect on their environmental performance. Driving forces from within the enterprise itself and the market provide a positive effect on the economic performance, while social forces have a negative effect. Second, for SMEs with light pollution, social and market driving forces, and government assistance play a supporting role on corporate environmental performance improvement. It is also found that the driving force of the enterprise itself does not have a significant effect on the environmental performance for SMEs with different pollution levels. In addition, the environmental performance and economic performance for SMEs with high or light-pollution levels are positively correlated. Further, it shows that the environmental performance is moderately correlated with financial indices, but not significantly with the non-financial indices.     

Implementing environmental with other standardized management systems: Scope,sequence, time and integration

The aim of this article is to analyze how the implementation of the environmental management system (EMS) in accordance with the ISO 14001: 2004 standard has been carried out in organizations having more than one standardized Management System (MSs). In particular, four implementation aspects will be discussed, namely the different management system standards (MSSs) used for registration, for example ISO 14001, ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001, ISO 27001 and SA 8000, the order in which they were implemented, the time required for each implementation, as well as the scope of integration of these MSSs into a single Integrated Management System (IMS).In order to do so, some of the results of a survey carried out in 176 organizations registered to, at a minimum, both ISO 14001: 2004 and ISO 9001: 2000 standards for environmental and quality management, respectively, are presented. As one of the few existing empirical studies regarding the integration of multiple MSs, this research reveals the importance of the different possibilities which organizations can opt for when considering EMS implementation. For example, while most respondents implemented ISO 9001 before ISO 14001, others did so simultaneously or even applied ISO 14001 first. Furthermore, although a large majority of organizations integrated their EMS with additional standardized MSs, a small percentage did not. Apart from illustrating the survey outcomes, the article contains a detailed case analysis of four specific organizations with high environmental awareness that have implemented quality and other standardized MSs.