电石渣脱硫运行存在问题的探讨

石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫技术是我国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫的首选工艺,以电石渣代替石灰石进行烟气脱硫,可以达到废物利用、循环经济的目的。分析了以电石渣为脱硫剂时,系统运行存在的问题,并提出相关建议。     

煤矸石烧结砖脱硫研究

在保证质量的前提下,以碳酸钙、生石灰、电石渣作为脱硫添加剂,通过各种调整配比,研究脱硫效果,结果表明:随着脱硫添加剂剂量的增加,效果都有增加,其中电石渣对煤矸石烧结砖的效果最佳,在950~1000℃烧成范围内,脱硫率能达到89%。     

专利文摘

<正> 与印染废水结合的脱硫工艺该发明公开了一种与印染废水结合的脱硫工艺,利用电石渣、石灰或石灰石作为脱硫剂对烟气进行湿法脱硫,利用脱硫剂配制脱硫浆液的化浆过程用水采用印染废水;脱硫浆液中固体的质量分数为8%～15%,脱硫系统的pH为5.2～6.0,液气流量比为8～12 L/m~3。该发明的脱硫工艺以电石渣和印染废水的混合浆液作为脱硫剂对烟气进行湿法处理,大量减少了印染废水的排放量,对COD在10 000 mg/L以上的高浓度废水的COD去除率在80%以上,色度去除率在90%以上,废水水量排放减少30%以上。/CN101816889A,2010-09-01     

脱硫用电石渣的重金属浸出特性及其对环境的影响

针对电厂用脱硫剂电石渣,分析了其基本组成及重金属浸出特性,为电厂脱硫设施的参数设计和环境影响评价提供依据和参考。研究结果表明,脱硫用电石渣主要成分为Ca（OH）2,含量在40%～50%之间;在8种重金属的含量中,只有Cd的含量超出土壤质量三级标准的要求,基本不会对土壤造成污染。浸出毒性试验表明,电石渣及其脱硫产物属于非危险废物,其各种重金属的浸出浓度主要受其本身重金属含量和最终pH的影响,这种影响在Pb、Cu和Cd上表现得较为突出,酸性环境下更有利于他们的浸出;碱性环境下有利于Pb和Ni的浸出。     

用电石渣浆制备烟气脱硫剂

采用电石渣浆经处理后配制成的电石渣试样作为脱硫剂，对除尘后锅炉烟气进行脱硫实验，在烟气巾s与c质量比约为1：30、吸收体系pH为7～8、温度为15℃的条件下，平均脱硫率达96．35％。采用电石渣浆上层清液作脱硫剂对锅炉烟气进行脱硫的工业试验，在烟气流速为2．8～4．2m／s、脱硫塔内nCa：n5=1．2：1、体系pH为7～8的条件下，平均脱硫率达90．66％，且脱硫塔出气口处SO2质量浓度明显低于GB13271-2001《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》。     

一种简易成熟的烟气脱硫方法

山东潍坊亚星集团有限公司 (简称潍坊亚星 )所属化工集团是以氯产品为主的化工企业 ,其中 2 5ｋｔ规模的ＰＶＣ生产工艺为乙炔法 ,每年产生 4 0ｋｔ(干基 )电石渣。 1993年由国家计委牵头 ,中日双方签署“燃煤锅炉烟气简易脱硫示范装置”合作协议 ,日方三菱重工业株式会社、川崎重工业株式会社和千代田化工建设株式会社分别与中方山东潍坊亚星集团、广西南宁化工集团和重庆长寿化工总厂合作 ,采用简易石灰石 石膏法进行燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫 ,脱硫剂为乙炔法生产ＰＶＣ过程产生的电石渣。其中潍坊亚星脱硫装置于 1995年建成投产后 ,不仅一直正…     

一种简易成熟的烟气脱硫方法

山东潍坊亚星集团有限公司(简称潍坊亚星)所属化工集团是以氯产品为主的化工企业，其25kt规模的PVC生产工艺为乙炔法，每年产生40kt(干基)电石渣。1993年由国家计委牵头，中日双方签署“燃煤锅炉烟气简易脱硫示范装置“合作协议，日方三菱重工业株式会社、川崎重工业株式会社和千代田化工建设株式会社分别与中方山东潍坊亚星集团、广西南宁化工集团和重庆长寿化工总厂合作，采用简易石灰石-石膏法进行燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫，脱硫剂为乙炔法生产PVC过程产生的电石渣。其     

新疆天业循环经济产业链之废渣综合利用项目

介绍了新疆天业(集团)循环经济产业链中的废渣综合治理情况,重点论述了干法乙炔配套干法水泥工艺、粉煤灰蒸压制砖工艺和电石渣烟气脱硫工艺。这些废渣综合利用技术不仅解决了长期困扰电石法聚氯乙烯装置废渣处理问题,更为企业带来了较好的经济效益和环保效益,使新疆天业循环经济、节能减排工作得到更全面的发展,同时也为电石法聚氯乙烯循环经济模式的建立提供全方位的示范。     

专利资讯

电石渣100％替代天然石灰质原料干法生产水泥熟料工艺方法；一种利用工业废弃物电石渣生产氯化钙的方法；利用废弃电石渣调节酸性水及矿浆pH值的方法；利用电石渣从浓盐水中提取氢氧化镁的方法；一种电石渣粉固化料及其应用。     

电石糊的处理和利用

在生产聚氯乙烯(PVC)的过程中,排出大量的电石渣(一般呈稀糊状,俗称电石糊)。无锡县电化厂年产 PVC 4000吨,排出的电石渣(含固量约为15%,重量)折算成于电石渣约为8000吨。以前,对这种电石糊所采用的处理方法是:将其放置在露天池内进行沉降,然后将沉降下来的浓渣运出,用于民用建筑。由于沉降浓渣中仍含有大量的水份,在运输过程中沿途滴漏,造成环境污     

脱硫增效剂在湿法FGD系统的应用与比较

介绍了某电厂300 MW机组FGD装置在相同试验工况安排下分别使用三家公司提供的脱硫增效剂的试验情况,其脱硫率均有不同程度的提升,钙硫比显著降低,石膏浆液及石膏产品品质有所提高.说明使用脱硫增效剂后,在正常运行负荷范围内,不仅能优化系统参数,而且可以停一台浆液循环泵运行,降低系统电耗.     

Recovery of silicon powder from kerf loss slurry waste using superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology

A major challenge in recycling of silicon powder from kerf loss slurry waste is the complete removal of metal particles. The traditional acid leaching method is costly and not green. In this paper, a novel approach to recover high-purity Si from the kerf loss slurry waste of solar grade silicon was investigated. The metal impurities were removed with superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology. The effects of process parameters such as magnetic flux density, slurry density, and slurry flow velocity on the removal efficiency were investigated, and the parameters were optimized. In one lot of control experiments, the silicon content was increased from 90.91 to 95.83%, iron content reduced from 3.24 to 0.57%, and aluminum content from 2.44 to 1.51% under the optimum conditions of magnetic flux density of 4.0 T, slurry density of 20 g/L, and slurry flow velocity of 500 mL/min. The result indicates that the superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology is a feasible purifying method, and the magnetic separation concentrate could be used as an intermediate product for high-purity Si powder.

     

磷石膏水热法合成硫酸钙晶须

以磷石膏为原料，二水合硫酸钙、硫酸镁、甘油为添加剂，采用水热法合成硫酸钙晶须，考察了料浆含量、反应温度、反应时间、体系pH等因素对晶须的直径和长径比的影响；并采用SEM技术观察硫酸钙晶须的形貌。实验结果表明，当磷石膏含量2.5%（w）、反应温度130 ℃、反应时间4 h、体系pH 4时，制备得到的硫酸钙晶须长径比为56.24，平均直径为0.17 μm。SEM表征结果显示，硫酸钙晶须形貌规整、分散均匀、直径较小，达百纳米级。     

石灰石-石膏法烟气脱硫系统处理废稀硫酸

采用石灰石-石膏法脱硫装置处理废稀硫酸.研究了石灰石浆液和废稀硫酸的不同投加顺序以及不同反应晶种(石膏浆液、石膏稀浆液)对所得石膏晶粒形态和抽滤物含水率的影响.试验结果表明:与废稀硫酸加入石灰石浆液的方式相比,石灰石浆液加入废稀硫酸的方式更利于石膏结晶,晶粒更大,所得石膏抽滤物含水率更低;以石膏浆液和石膏稀浆液作为反应...     

Air stripping of ammonia from pig slurry: characterisation and feasibility as a pre- or post-treatment to mesophilic anaerobic digestion

The objective of the present paper has been to study the effect of pig slurry waste type, fresh or anaerobically digested, and the effect of initial pH on ammonia air stripping from pig slurry waste at high temperature (80 degrees C). Stripping process as pre- or post-treatment to anaerobic digestion has been also evaluated. Treatment performances differ according to pig slurry type. When fresh pig slurry is used, despite working at 80 degrees C, a high initial pH (11.5) is required for complete ammonia removal. On the other hand, for digested pig slurry, complete ammonia removal without pH modification is possible and organic matter significantly less contaminates recovered ammonia salt. Batch anaerobic tests showed that ammonia air stripping is not an advisable pre-treatment to pig slurry anaerobic digestion.     

Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of organic matter during the anaerobic digestion and successive composting of pig slurry

In this work, anaerobic digestion of pig slurry and successive composting of the digestate after centrifugation were studied by means of chemical analysis, FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy as excitation–emission matrix (EEM). Chemical analysis highlighted the organic matter transformation occurring during the processes. A decrease of volatile solids and total organic carbon were observed in the digestate with respect to the fresh pig slurry as a consequence of the consumption of sugars, proteins, amino acids and fatty acids used by microorganisms as a C source. Water Extractable Organic Matter (WEOM) was obtained for all samples and fractionated into a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic fraction. The highest WEOM value was found in the pig slurry indicating a high content of labile organic C. The digestate centrifuged and the digestate composted showed lower hydrophilic and higher hydrophobic contents because of the decrease of labile C. Total phenolic content was lower in the digestate with respect to fresh pig slurry sample (36.7%) as a consequence of phenolic compounds degradation. The strong decrease of total reducing sugars in the digestate (76.6%) as compared to pig slurry confirmed that anaerobic process proceed mainly through consumption of sugars which represent a readily available energy source for microbial activity. FTIR spectra of pig slurry showed bands indicative of proteins and carbohydrates. A drop of aliphatic structures and a decrease of polysaccharides was observed after the anaerobic process along with the increase of the peak in the aromatic region. The composted substrate showed an increase of aromatic and a relative decrease of polysaccharides. EEM spectra provided tryptophan:fulvic-like fluorescence ratios which increased from fresh substrate to digestate because of the OM decompostion. Composted substrate presented the lowest ratio due to the humification process.     

600MW机组湿法脱硫吸收塔溢流原因分析及对策

阐述了火电厂600MW机组石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫系统吸收塔浆液溢流的危害,分析了吸收塔浆液溢流的原因,主要是石膏浆液品质差、氧化风量不合理、浆液循环泵、浆液喷淋的影响,溢流管接口位置布置不合理等。通过适当降低运行液位、合理布置吸收塔溢流管道等措施解决了吸收塔浆液溢流问题,确保脱硫系统稳定运行。     

湿法脱硫多因素引起的浆液恶化原因分析及处理措施

在石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫系统中,吸收塔浆液恶化是系统运行经常出现的问题,浆液恶化不仅易影响浆液pH值,降低系统的脱硫效率,还会造成脱硫副产物石膏脱水困难。为此,结合2×600 MW机组湿法脱硫系统浆液恶化问题,通过检测与分析探讨了引起浆液品质变差的原因,并提出了解决措施。     

浅析石灰石浆液品质调节方法与制浆系统节能

燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术以石灰石/石膏法为主,制浆系统是其重要组成之一。以金湾电厂2×600MW机组石灰石/石膏湿法脱硫制浆系统为例,介绍了石灰石浆液品质调节方法及制浆系统节能措施。     

Experimental research on emission and removal of dioxins in flue gas from a co-combustion of MSW and coal incinerator

This paper describes the experimental study of dioxins removal from flue gas from a co-combustion municipal solid waste and coal incinerator by means of a fluidized absorption tower and a fabric filter. A test rig has been set up. The flow rate of flue gas of the test rig is 150-2000 m3/h. The system was composed of a humidification and cooling system, an absorption tower, a demister, a slurry make-up tank, a desilter, a fabric filter and a measurement system. The total height of the absorption tower was 6.5m, and the diameter of the reactor pool was 1.2 m. When the absorbent was 1% limestone slurry, the recirculation ratio was 3, the jet rate was 5-15 m/s and the submerged depth of the bubbling pipe under the slurry was 0.14 m, the removal efficiency for dioxins was 99.35%. The concentration of dioxins in the treated flue gas was 0.1573 x 10(-13)kg/Nm3 and the concentration of oxygen was 11%. This concentration is comparable to the emission standards of other developed countries.