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W. E. Krumbein H. Buchholz P. Franke D. Giani C. Giele K. Wonneberger 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1979,66(8):381-389
The coexistence of O2 and H2S in recent microbial mats is demonstrated. Oxygen and H2S are not only coexisting in considerable concentrations within recent stromatolites but high concentrations of the respective gases occur in alternating laminae. This “sandwich structure” is produced by alternating populations of oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobaeteria. The finding of such conditions may explain the alternation of oxidized and reduced iron minerals in Precambrian stromatolites and possibly also in the banded iron formations (BIFs). 相似文献
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利用自由基与乙醇和叔丁醇之间反应速率差异,研究在不同条件下Cu2+/Na2S2O8体系中产生自由基的状况.实验研究表明:Na2S2O8体系会产生·OH和SO-4由于Cu2+的催化作用,使用Cu2+Na2S2O8体系比单独使用Na2S2O8能产生更多的自由基·OH和SO-4.研究还发现:pH值降低能促进Na2S2O8分解产生自由基,但是会抑制SO-4转化为·OH;温度升高,Na2S2O8分解产生的·OH和SO-4均增加. 相似文献
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研究了过氧化氢(H2O2)强化的真空紫外光催化(VUV/TiO2/H2O2)方法对水中微量硝基苯(NB)的去除效果,同时考察了H2O2 投加量、NB 初始浓度、重碳酸盐和腐殖酸对NB 降解的影响.采用负载在钛片上的二氧化钛(TiO2)薄膜为光催化剂,以能发射185nm 真空紫外线(VUV)的紫外灯为光源.结果表明,去离子水中50µg/L 的NB 反应60s 后去除率即达到97.9%.随H2O2 投加量的增加, VUV/TiO2/H2O2 对NB的降解速率先增后减;初始浓度低于170µg/L 时,初始浓度对NB 降解影响不大;重碳酸盐和腐殖酸对硝基苯降解有显著的抑制作用.VUV/TiO2/H2O2能快速有效地去除地表水(含碳酸盐和天然有机物)中的微量NB,5min 内初始浓度为90µg/L的NB去除率达到94.1%, UV254在4min 内也降低了53.3%. 相似文献
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Cd2+、Cu2+和Zn2+对人工湿地反硝化作用的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
实验室研究了3种重金属离子Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+对人工湿地反硝化作用的影响.以100、500、1000mg/kg剂量的Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+处理人工湿地土壤样品,检测其N2O的产生.结果表明,3种金属离子的500、1000mg/kg处理组土样N2O的产生均显著降低,各金属离子抑制N2O产生的程度顺序为Cd2+>Zn2+>Cu2+,这与3种金属离子在土样中的有效态浓度顺序是一致的,反硝化微生物在处理过程中逐步产生了对重金属离子的耐受性,500、1000mg/kg处理组样品的NH4+-N浓度较对照组显著升高提示部分NO-3-N由于反硝化过程的抑制而异化性还原为NH+4-N. 相似文献
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The Science of Nature - 相似文献
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Photodegradation of nitroaromatic compounds in aqueous solutions in the UV/H2O2 process 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Photodegradation of nitrobenzene and nitrophenols in aqueous solutions by means of UV/H2 O2 process was studied in the Rayox batch reactors. Three nitrophenol isomers were identified as main photoproducts in the irradiated NB aqueous solutions. The distribution of nitrophenol isomers follows the order p-〉 m-〉 o-nitrophenol. Other intermediates detected include nitrohydroquinone, nitrocatechol, catechol, benzoquinone, phenol, nitrate/nitrite ions, formic acid, glyoxylic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid and some aliphatic ketones and aldehydes. The degradation of nitrobenzene and nitrophenols at initial stages follows the first-order kinetics and the decay rate constants for nitrobenzene(NB) are around l0^-3-10^-2 s^-1 and for nitrophenols are around 10^-2 s^-1. The decomposition of H2 O2 in the presence of NB and each nitrophenol isomers follows zero-order kinetics. The quantum yields at initial stages for NB decay were estimated around 0.30 to 0.36, and for NPs decay is around 0.31-0.54. 相似文献
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A^2/O^2工艺在焦化废水处理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
某焦化厂年产干全焦60万吨,焦化废水原采用生化处理的方法进行治理,难以满足标准要求。为达标排放,现对其废水处理工艺进行了改进,根据焦化废水中有机物难降解、NH3~N浓度高等特点,选用A^2/O^2处理工艺。该工艺中的厌氧段不仅能够去除部分COD,而且能够有效地改善废水中难降解有机物的可生化性,为后续处理过程提供有效的基质,获得较高的COD和NH3-N去除率。运行结果表明,经该工艺处理后,废水中的COD、氨氮等指标均能达标排放,有利于企业的可持续发展。 相似文献