Sustainability in the New Zealand wine industry: drivers,stakeholders and practices

This research aims to investigate various sustainability issues in the New Zealand wine industry. Namely, the study examines (1) what drives the industry to engage in sustainability practices, (2) the role of stakeholders in the company's decision-making, and (3) environmental practices related to water utilization, chemicals and waste management. A qualitative research approach supplemented by quantitative measures was adopted to answer the research questions. Twenty-four wineries were studied. The research found that the most important drivers for sustainable practices are personal values, preferences and satisfaction with the profession (i.e., enjoyment of the work itself), followed by product quality and customers' demand. Size of firm also appears to be an important factor. New Zealand wine companies are also driven by the market, but companies do not receive a price premium for grapes grown sustainably or organically grown. The study proposes a typology matrix that differentiates wineries' involvement in sustainability based on the extent of sustainability practices and sustainability drivers.     

Functional and systems aspects of the sustainable product and service development approach for industry

The Sustainable Product and/or Service Development (SPSD) approach is a pragmatic industry support encompassing a range of strategies aimed at maximising environmental and social performance in all types of “offerings” whether they are “products”, “services” or Product Service Systems (PSS). Implementation of the approach was tested in industry and conclusions reached on the effectiveness of the strategies included in terms of developing an offering with improved sustainability performance as well as practical use as an industry approach. Two strategies incorporated are functional and systems thinking, as these are seen as key for increasing the environmental benefits of offerings. This paper summarises the SPSD approach, general industry testing results, describes how and why functional and systems strategies are incorporated in it and industry testing results relating to their use. This provides valuable information on how functional and systems related considerations can be practically and effectively included in sustainable offering development.     

Product-service systems in the automotive industry: the case of micro-factory retailing

Solutions to the economic and environmental impacts of the automotive industry have largely focused on technological innovation at the level of products or processes. This paper argues that, in order to achieve sustainability, change processes must be undertaken at the functional and systemic level.The concept of product-service systems (PSS) represents a valuable opportunity to introduce such changes. PSS is predicated on new forms of product ownership, stewardship, design and producer–consumer interaction. The challenge now is to investigate ways in which the PSS concept might be introduced at the empirical level.The paper suggests that the adoption of micro-factory retailing (MFR) ideas offer a means of introducing such a system-level change in the automotive industry. MFR is based on novel approaches to vehicle design that facilitate the economic viability of small-scale localised manufacturing sites. It is argued that such an approach to vehicle production, allows the adoption of a full scale PSS at local levels. Furthermore, via aspects such as the unification of the commerce and manufacturing function, and the proximity of manufacturing and servicing sites to users, the MFR approach may also offer distinct advantages compared with prevailing visions of PSS.     

废纸回收行业的困境与出路

废纸回收企业的竞争和国家再生资源税收政策的实施,对我国废纸回收行业影响很大,分析了产业环境的变化对废纸行业的影响,以及废纸回收行业面临的困境,被提出废纸回收行业走出困境的做法和建设。     

垃圾处理产业体系的构建原则

垃圾处理产业体系的构建应从实际出发,坚持“政府引导,社区组织、企业参与、自产自消、因地制宜、源头控制、资源回收利用”的原则和“物质利用先于能量利用,物质再利用先于物质再生利用”的资源回收利用原则,并按部就班实施。     

上海市生活垃圾产业发展的思考

以构建生活垃圾产业为研究目的，通过对生活垃圾物质流和价值流的分析，探讨了生活垃圾产业发展的条件，提出了上海市生活垃圾产业构建的基本框架，并对上海生活垃圾产业的发展提出了对策及建议。     

我国电镀行业危险废物环境管理对策

本文系统研究分析了我国电镀行业危险废物产生、利用处置现状及主流的电镀污泥利用处置技术,从技术和管理角度探讨了电镀行业危险废物管理存在的堵点和盲点。2017年我国电镀行业共产生226万吨电镀污泥,除黑龙江和天津外,其他各省区市电镀行业危险废物利用处置能力充足。针对电镀行业危险废物管理存在的问题,提出了加强对非法转移倾倒行为的打击力度、建立产生者责任延伸制、鼓励电镀行业危险废物源头减量、推进危险废物精细化以及物联网智能化过程管控、完善危险废物利用处置标准体系等政策建议。     

Product service systems in the automobile industry: contribution to system innovation?

This article investigates the actual and potential contribution that product service systems (PSSs) can make in moving beyond incremental technological improvements towards a focus on behavioural changes and system innovation in the automobile industry. It begins by discussing the means by which existing and planned PSS initiatives can be evaluated in terms of their contribution towards innovation at the system level in the automotive industry. Building on and expanding earlier work, it is suggested that they should be assessed against an expanded set of five key evaluative criteria including: evidence of ‘higher-order’ learning amongst stakeholders; changes in infrastructure and institutional practice; changes in vehicle design, manufacture and end-of-life management; changes in vehicle ownership structure; and changes in modes of producer–user interactions. Following this discussion, the article provides a structured overview of some current and planned PSS initiatives at the empirical level in the automotive industry. The identified initiatives are then assessed against the key evaluative criteria in an effort to reveal their actual or potential contribution to meeting the sustainability challenges of the automotive industry. Based on this exercise, it is argued that since most current initiatives do not unify these key elements of a PSS in a single coherent system they do not constitute ‘complete’ versions of PSS, and therefore, fail to deliver the full range of envisaged benefits in contributing towards system innovation. The article concludes by outlining some key areas for future research into potential strategies to address such challenges.     

废弃电器电子产品回收处理行业管理政策探讨

围绕新近出台的《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》,借鉴欧盟等国家对废旧物资的管理理念和具体措施,探讨了我国废旧电器电子产品的界定及管理制度建设,提出建设社区试点网络管理体系、建立由市场主导的生产者责任延伸体系等建议。     

方达环宇废旧轮胎再生利用行业的绿色引领者

随着我国汽车工业的快速发展，我国轮胎年产量已居世界第二位。2003年的产量为16134万套，年产生废旧轮胎近8000万条，并以每年20％的速度增长。与此同时，日益加剧的“黑色污染”给我国生态环境带来了巨大灾难。由于我国橡胶资源紧缺，橡胶原材料主要靠进口满足国民经济发展的需要。     

水泥工业的废弃物利用与CO2排放控制探讨

水泥工业不仅通过能源利用排放CO2 ,而且还是工业生产工艺过程中CO2 的最大非能源利用排放源。分析了水泥工业的发展现状及其能源消耗状况 ,计算了水泥工业的CO2 排放总量和分途径CO2 排放量 ,介绍了水泥工业的废弃物利用和控制水泥工业CO2 排放方面的一些具体技术 ,提出了一些针对水泥工业的CO2 排放控制措施和新型富氧燃烧技术应用于水泥工业的设想。     

Treatment and resource recovery from inorganic fluoride-containing waste produced by the pesticide industry

The rapid development of the fluorinated pesticide industry has produced a large amount of fluorine-containing hazardous waste, especially inorganic fluoride-containing waste (IFCW). A two-step process, including extraction and recovery, was developed to recover fluorine as synthetic cryolite from IFCW produced by the pesticide industry. The optimum conditions for extraction were found to be a temperature of 75°C, an initial pH (pH_i) of 12, a 4-hr incubation time and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 40 mL/g; these conditions resulted in a fluorine extraction ratio of 99.0%. The effects of pH and the F/Al molar ratio on fluorine recovery and the compositional, mineralogical and morphological characteristics of the cryolite products were investigated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy of recovered precipitates showed changes in morphology with the F/Al molar ratio. Coupling Fourier transform and infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction indicated that the formation of AlF₆^3 − was restricted as increasing pH. Both the amount of fluorine recovered and the quality of the cryolite were optimized at initial pH = 3 and a F/Al molar ratio 5.75. This study proposed a reliable and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of fluoride-containing wastes, which could be suitable for industrial applications.     

Contributions to eco-design of machine-to-machine product service systems: the example of waste glass collection

Efficient waste management is necessary in order to face up to increasing quantities of waste generated in modern societies. A technical solution using a Machine-to-Machine (M2M) enhanced Product-Service System (PSS) for bring-in waste glass collection is identified. Methodology based on Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is proposed. The results help understand the mechanisms of M2M PSS. Possible improvements are explored and the study shows how the PSS infrastructure impacts the environment. It examines the influence of major organisational parameters and contributes to eco-design and dimensioning of the M2M PSS. It reveals the interest of mutualisation to reduce environmental impacts and shows the importance of limiting data exchanges. It argues for the use of multi-criteria LCA on the complete system including the telecom infrastructures and employs realistic use scenarios derived from field studies.     

Recovery of organic wastes in the Spanish wine industry. Technical,economic and environmental analyses of the composting process

The main organic wastes produced in modern wine industries include grape pomace (62%), lees (14%), stalk (12%) and dewatered sludge (12%). Some of these wastes are being used as by-products (grape pomace and lees) whereas the rest of organic wastes (stalk and wastewater sludge) has been traditionally incinerated or disposed in landfill. In this work, composting is proposed for the recovery of stalk and wastewater sludge to produce a sanitized organic amendment for application in the vineyard, closing the organic matter cycle. The environmental and economical analyses of the different alternatives to manage organic wastes from the wine industry are also presented. Composting costs are almost negligible when compared to other management options. From the environmental point of view, in-situ composting presents the best performance in 8 of the 10 impact categories analysed. Finally, the energy balance shows that the 4 composting systems involved less energy than the systems based on Mineral Fertilizer consumption.     

A process integration approach to industrial water conservation: a case study for an Indian starch industry

A case study for water using network of a Starch industry in the state of Gujarat, India, is undertaken with an aim to reduce demineralised water and freshwater flow rates and consequently the wastewater flow rate. The problem was identified as a multi contaminant, reuse and recycle problem. The freshwater consumption and demineralised water consumption were 100 t/h and 51 t/h respectively before modification and the network was dealing with three major contaminants such as total organic content, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids. A program was developed in MATLAB for analysis using Water Pinch. The improved water using network designed for the present work consumed less demineralised and freshwater. The reductions are of the tune of 28% and 64.38% for demineralised and fresh water respectively. Due to alteration in piping, there will be a saving of 406 026 INR per year, which will be utilized for development of efficient environment policy for the company. The entire concept had been implemented on plant level on 1st February-2009 and the reductions are of the tune of 25% and 60% for demineralised and fresh water respectively.     

Organisational behaviour and strategies in the adoption of certified management systems: an analysis of the Spanish hotel industry

While the literature over the last ten years has dealt with the implementation of quality, environmental and other management systems in terms of the interest aroused and results obtained, little has been written about organisational behaviour and the extent to which such standards have been adopted in the service sector. The present article explores these variables in the hotel industry, based on information collected from 403 hotels. The empirical analysis conducted evinces significant differences in behaviour and penetration between the service and manufacturing sectors, as well as between the implementation of management systems and the introduction of other business practices in the hotel industry. The results shed light on the importance of implementing certified management systems for conducting the hotel business.     

物化法处理制药工业含锌废水

采用物化法处理制药工业含锌废水,竣工检测结果表明,处理后废水中Zn2+浓度大大降低,出水完全满足<松花江水系黑龙江省污水综合排放标准>的要求,实现了含锌废水的达标排放.