厦门海域环境指标变化与动因分析研究CSSCI

厦门围垦、围建等涉海洋工程必然对邻近海域产生影响。结果表明:11999—2013年厦门海域面积减少了63.69km2,年平均变化率约-0.92%;滩涂面积减少了47.08km2,年平均变化率约-5.2%。2厦门海域岸线类型复杂,1999年和2006年自然岸线与人工岸线比例分别为1∶1和1∶4.95,人工岸线以1.54%比率增加;2006—2013年岸线整体比例无较大变化,局部岸线改造工程显著。3厦门海域悬浮泥沙含量分布相对稳定,局部海域受沿海建设及政策支持的影响有突出变化。     

河北省砂质海岸侵蚀灾害危险性评价

海岸侵蚀是当今全球海岸普遍存在的海洋地质灾害现象,通过实地勘查对河北省砂质海岸侵蚀灾害进行研究,借助历史资料,选取了海岸地貌类型、岸线曲度、侵蚀速率、海滩发育空间、泥沙补给和堤防设施六个评价指标,对河北省砂质海岸侵蚀灾害进行了危险性评价。评价结果表明:高危区岸线长度46.11 km,中危区102.54 km,低危区59.95 km,所占岸线比例依次为22.11%、49.16%及28.73%。     

人工海岸生态化改造及修复效果评价指标体系研究

海岸作为海洋资源开发、沿海经济发展的重要支撑，大量人口、产业向海岸带区域聚集，高强度的人类活动导致海岸带环境日益恶化、自然岸线严重受损、海岸带资源锐减。海岸整治修复成为保护海岸带生态环境、恢复海岸带资源的重要技术手段。为评价人工海岸生态化改造及整治修复工作效果，基于国内外学者对海岸生态修复的研究成果，综合考虑生态指标、经济指标和功能指标三方面，筛选出50项产出性指标构建人工海岸生态化改造及修复效果评价指标体系，力求科学全面、客观合理地评价人工海岸整治修复效果，为人工海岸生态化改造及整治修复工作的检查、考核以及验收提供参考依据。     

基于GIS的关中地区人居环境自然适宜性研究

选取地形、气候、水文、植被等自然因子,建立1km×1km栅格单元的人居环境基础数据库,构建了基于人居环境指数的关中地区人居环境自然适宜性评价模型.并采用GIS技术定量评价了关中地区的人居环境自然适宜性,揭示了关中地区人居环境的自然格局与地域特征.研究表明,关中地区人居环境指数整体呈现由南向北递减趋势,人居环境指数可综合反映区域人居环境的自然适宜程度,关中地区人口明显集中分布于人居环境适宜程度较高的地区.评价结果显示,关中地区人居环境一般适宜区和比较适宜区面积最大,约5.5489×104km2,接近全区总面积的99.98%,相应人口约为2294.95万人,占全区总人口的99.98%;人居环境临界适宜地区8km2,占全区总面积的0.02%,相应人口2200人,零星分布在陇县西北的黄土高原地区;关中地区人居环境高度适宜地区面积3km2,人口1400人,由于适宜度高、面积小,导致人口密度最大,达467人/km2.     

江苏省海岛旅游资源的开发利用─—以连云港岛域为例

江苏海岛集中分布在北部海洲湾及其附近海域和南部长江口北支海域。北部海域海岛位于东经119”16’～119“55’、北纬34”31’～35’08’,包括东西连岛、秦山岛、平岛、达山岛、车牛山岛、羊山岛、鸽岛等14个基岩岛（统称苏北海岛）,这些岛屿均隶属于连云港市管辖。苏北海岛地质构造复杂,区位条件特殊,从而孕育了丰富的旅游资源。岛域内海岸侵蚀地貌发育,形成了海蚀岸、海蚀穴、海蚀平台、海蚀柱等奇观。形态万千、颜色各异的海岛生物以及神奇的海市蜃楼现象形成了具有强烈的海洋韵味的景观特色。历史遗留下来的许多宝贵文化遗产也吸引…     

秦皇岛海岸侵蚀动态研究

利用不同时期的地形图、遥感图片对比,并选取典型海岸岸滩监测剖面实测数据,对海岸侵蚀现状进行了分析和定量计算。分析结果显示,秦皇岛海岸全线处于侵蚀状态,平均蚀退率1.5～4 m/a,根据蚀退率可将秦皇岛海岸划分为严重侵蚀、强侵蚀、侵蚀、微侵蚀、稳定5种岸线侵蚀类型。     

用Quick Bird遥感影像监测区域牛羊圈分布情况初探

用以往的TM、MSS、CBERS、SPOT卫星影像由于数据本身的分辨率低,很难精确地监测牛羊圈的位置及数量,QuickBird影像数据弥补了这一缺陷,可以较清晰地监测牛羊圈的位置、边界、大小等。应用QuickBird遥感影像解译技术来监测分析区域牛羊圈的分布情况,可为生态工程建设成效评估提供相关数据。     

柳江盆地地质遗迹国家级自然保护区简介

柳江盆地地质遗迹国家级自然保护区位于河北省秦皇岛市北部，其核心区距秦皇岛市区约12km，面积240km2，2005年被批建为国家级自然保护区。保护区荟萃了新太古代至新生代中国华北地区在漫长的地球演化过程中的地壳运动、岩浆活动、沉积环境变化及生物进化等地质现象的精华，     

厦门海域环境指标变化与动因分析研究

厦门围垦、围建等涉海洋工程必然对邻近海域产生影响。结果表明:11999—2013年厦门海域面积减少了63.69km2,年平均变化率约-0.92%;滩涂面积减少了47.08km2,年平均变化率约-5.2%。2厦门海域岸线类型复杂,1999年和2006年自然岸线与人工岸线比例分别为1∶1和1∶4.95,人工岸线以1.54%比率增加;2006—2013年岸线整体比例无较大变化,局部岸线改造工程显著。3厦门海域悬浮泥沙含量分布相对稳定,局部海域受沿海建设及政策支持的影响有突出变化。     

山东海岸沙生植被的特点和生态评价

山东海岸分布着特殊意义的海岸沙生植被,其特点为群落类型单纯,组成种类结构简单,具有显著的镶嵌性。植物有很强的抗旱、耐瘠、耐热、耐盐能力,群落自然演替缓慢。本文对该岸区沙生植被的恢复、发展和防止生态平衡失调等问题进行了生态评价,并从植物生态学角度提出海岸开发设想。     

Coastal Management of Failaka Island, Kuwait

Failaka Island is one of the most important islands belonging to the State of Kuwait. With the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990, most of the activies on Failaka Island were destroyed. After the liberation of Kuwait, the Kuwaiti government decided to reconstruct the island for touristic and recreational purposes. Thus, a coastal development plan was needed. The presented study is an attempt to address the coastal zone management of the island. Based on the overall geomorphological features of the island, the coast was classified into four coastal zones. The wave and tidal conditions were identified around the island. The major items controlling the coastal development were specified. Accordingly, a detailed coastal zone management map for future development was developed. The overall goal was to provide decision-makers with guidelines for the future development of the island.     

基于3S技术的庄河市滨海湿地景观格局演变研究

庄河市位于黄海北部沿海地区,自然海岸线长达285km,拥有丰富的滨海湿地资源,对区域经济的发展具有显著的促进作用.以庄河市2000年和2010年的Landsat TM（或ETM）遥感影像获取研究区的滨海湿地斑块图形数据,选用生态意义较明确的景观特征指数,对庄河市滨海湿地的景观格局变化进行研究.研究结果表明,2000-2010年,庄河市滨海湿地总面积不断缩减,由2000年的131252.60hm2减少到2010年的121489.16hm2,减少幅度为7.44％;湿地斑块数不断增加,由2000年的3425块增加到2010年的3563块;湿地景观多样性指数（H）和景观形状指数（LSI）呈增加趋势,分别由2000年的0.6315和14.0分别增加到2010年的0.8554和18.7;景观优势度指数呈下降趋势,由2000年的0.8359下降到2010年的0.7364,表明庄河市滨海湿地的景观破碎化程度越来越严重.     

Morphological changes at Vellar estuary, India--impact of the December 2004 tsunami

Coastal subsystems formed by interaction of various processes, impacted by natural hazards like tsunami and storms, pose irreversible morphological changes. Vellar estuary, located on the southeast coast of India, with huge sand dunes (of 3-6m height and spread to 560ha) and barrier islands, has undergone extensive morphological changes due to the giant Indian Ocean tsunami that occurred on 26th December 2004. The damage caused by the tsunami has been quantified using extensive field data collected during pre- and post-tsunami periods through Real Time Kinematic GPS (for mapping coastal features and beach profiles) and Geographic Information System (GIS) couple. The tsunami with a wave height as high as 4m not only inundated the entire coastal land up to a maximum of 2km but also eroded the sand dunes and deposited the eroded material at the inlet, which ultimately formed as a vast tidal flat spread over 31ha. The estuary has suffered immensely due to the tsunami especially in terms of (i) loss of natural protection barriers (sand dunes), which made this coastal area more vulnerable to storm attack, and (ii) shallowness of inlet creating hindrance to navigation of fishing vessels. Based on the observations made at Vellar coast and past recovery experiences of tsunami/hurricanes elsewhere in the world, we contend that the morphological loss might take at least two annual cycles to regain its original form and the rebuilding of sand dunes may even take a decade.     

Sustainable Management for the Eastern Mediterranean Coast of Turkey

The objective of this article is to propose a program for the integrated coastal zone management that is required to stimulate and guide sustainable development of the Mediterranean coastal zone of Turkey. Improved data collection, quality control, analysis, and data management will provide a firm basis for future scientific understanding of the East Mediterranean coast of Turkey and will support long-term management. Various innovative procedures were proposed for a promising ecosystem-based approach to manage coastal wetlands in the Mediterranean: remote data acquisition with new technologies; environmental quality monitoring program that will provide a baseline for monitoring; linking a Geographic Information System (GIS) with natural resource management decision routines in the context of operational wetlands, fisheries, tourism management system; environmental sensitivity analysis to ensure that permitted developments are environmentally sustainable; and use of natural species to restore the wetlands and coastal dunes and sustain the system processes. The proposed management scheme will benefit the scientific community in the Mediterranean and the management/planning community in Eastern Turkey.     

Definition of Homogeneous Environmental Management Units for the Catalan Coast

Geographical areas constitute the basic implementation locus for integrated coastal zone management strategies and activities. Because the definition of territorial planning objectives may be affected by socioeconomic and environmental characteristics, one of the main steps in the process involves dividing the coast into homogeneous environmental management units (HEMUs). This article presents a general and simple method for regionalizing the landside of a coastal zone into HEMUs and illustrates it through application to the Catalan coast. Socioeconomic and natural (biophysical) subsystems were selected as the most appropriate dimensions of the regionalization process. Dimensions were described using 11 spatial themes, which were managed in a geographic information system environment that proved to be an adequate tool for the purpose. A final coastal zone map of four classes of HEMUs connected to local administrative units was obtained, and because it reflects the current natural and socioeconomic dynamics, it can be considered as an initial step in the planning process for the Catalan coast. Although the proposed method was developed based on the characteristics of the Catalan coast, it is general enough to be adapted and applied to most developed or developing coastal areas.     

Post-tsunami changes in the littoral environment along the southeast coast of India

The 26th December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami devastated coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, coastal stretches of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala were the most affected regions of India. Changes in the beach profiles, long shore currents, breaking wave characteristics in the surf zone at selected locations along the Tamil Nadu coast were studied during January, April, October 2005 and January 2006. Long shore sediment transport rates were estimated from the observed parameters. Studies were carried out earlier (1995-1996 and 1998) to understand the coastal environment over a one-year cycle in the study region. The post-tsunami observations were compared with the earlier studies to establish the variations in the littoral environment and to ascertain the normalcy of the littoral environment in the post-tsunami scenario. From the changes in the beach profiles, the shoreline was observed to recede by about 20m and built-up of backshore by about 0.5m at most locations. Observations from the field investigations and comparisons with earlier studies along this stretch of the coastline indicate that the coastline is yet to return completely to normalcy.     

上海潜在滨海旅游资源调查及开发研究

上海市的海岸线蜿蜒460km，涉及5区1县，潜在滨海旅游资源亟待开发。为了更好地了解和掌握潜在上海滨海旅游资源的现状，结合上海独特的自然禀赋和社会经济条件，参照《旅游资源分类、调查与评价（国家标准）》（GB／T18972-2003），在对上海潜在滨海旅游资源普查的基础上，研究了上海潜在滨海旅游资源分类，分析了潜在滨海旅游资源特征和资源富集区状况，选划出上海应重点开发的6大潜在滨海旅游资源区，并分别就各资源区的开发对策与建议提出初步构想。     

我国海岛的旅游资源

我国海疆辽阔、岛屿众多，在６５００多个大小海岛上，既有迷人的山海天象、洁净的海湾沙滩、奇特的山石形胜和丰富的海珍特产等自然风光旅游资源；又有历史古迹、宗教文件、建筑工程和渔乡风情等光辉灿烂的人文景观。海岛旅游资源以其强烈的海洋韵味和海陆兼备的景观特色，及其毗邻沿海开放城市的区位优势，在各类旅游资源中独具风采。     

An island approach to industrial ecology: towards sustainability in the island context

Many fields of study have employed geophysical islands in experimental design with a great deal of success. An island is a closed and bounded system in many respects and presents a manageable unit of study. The island microcosm has been the basis for significant advances in areas such as evolutionary biology, ecosystem ecology and physical anthropology. The same properties that make islands so useful to scientists present island populations with pressing sustainability challenges of limited resource availability and natural carrying capacity. This paper discusses the characteristics of the island context to show the severity and immediacy of these challenges. Based on this discussion, it is apparent that new approaches are needed to address sustainable development on islands. Island systems and the study of industrial ecology, which examines industry embedded within the finite natural environment, have much to gain from one another in this respect. Several industrial ecology case studies, primarily drawn from research in Puerto Rico, are presented to illustrate the compatibility of islands as a study unit in this field. Industrial ecology presents new solutions to the challenges of sustainable island development, while well‐defined island systems offer a unique opportunity for the approach of industrial ecology.