循环经济推动企业持续发展

公司焙烧车间回转窑于20世纪70年代上了两台40m^2静电收尘器．经过20余年长期运行和当时企业经营状况不好．没有资金维修和改造．壳体、极板、极线、腐蚀变形极为严重．电控系统陈旧落后、线路老化故障较多．收尘系统故障较多难以运行。2003年公司成立后．生产量增大．电收尘系统显露出的问题更为严重，电收尘除尘效率很低．尾气中含尘量偏高严重污染大气环境，同时造成原料损失。根据国家保护环境防治大气污染要求，企业在降低窑尾粉尘排放量和回收尾气中含有的原辅料的思想指导下，公司投资210万元于2005、2006年对1#、2#静电收尘器进行了更新改造．以匹配4条回转窑的处理量，并上了收尘料匹配入窑系统．现已投入运行．各项指标达到了设计要求，烟尘排放浓度完全符合环保要求，减少了原辅料损失。     

钼精矿焙烧烟气预处理工艺研究与实践

从生产实际、除尘工艺、除尘原理、除尘效率、经济效益和环境效益等方面，分析了钼精矿焙烧烟气预处理原工艺出现的问题，对预处理新工艺进行了可行性分析，并通过实施在实际应用中取得了较好的效果。     

电收尘器的设计驱进速度的确定

在电收尘器设计中，收尘效率是衡量设计是否成功的重要指标之一，要准确地估计设计的收尘效率，则必须对电收尘器设计驱进速度有可靠的确定方法。本提出3种计算方法。仅供参考。     

袋式收尘技术在我国水泥工业的应用

袋收尘技术在水泥工业的发展，大致可分为四个阶段。UtilizationofBag-PrecipitatorTechnologyinCementIndustryinChina一、第一阶段一or步阶段我国炭黑、有色冶炼等工业部门，从六十年代初就开始使用玻纤袋收尘器，用来收集炭黑或处理其他高温气体，并积累了一定的经验。七十年代冶金、电力部门的科研设计单位也着手进行大型玻纤袋收尘器的研究设计工作，取得了一定的进展。在水泥行业中，从六十年代初，亦广泛使用袋收尘器，但一般只用在水泥粉磨等工序上，工作温度均低于100℃。lop年9月，湖南辰溪水泥厂首次将玻纤袋收尘器成功地用于…     

赣南土壤镉污染的防治途径

一、污染状况赣南地处山区,金属矿产资源丰富,尤以钨居首,全区18个县已知钨矿床(点)400多个,其中大型9个,中型27个,小型45个,矿点360多个,年产钨精矿约2万 t。在钨矿(还有个别铅锌矿、铜矿)生产中,由于条件所限,部分伴生金属如镉等未能回收,随尾砂及废水排放。全区每年排放选矿含镉废水8000～10000万 t,还有难以计算的矿井废水。镉在土壤中逐渐累积,使环境受到了严重污染。赣州地区环境监测站在9个大钨矿区多年监     

水泥回转窑烟气治理探讨

介绍了国家对水泥产业的政策和水泥回转窑含尘气体排放标准,分析了水泥回转窑收尘研究的进展情况及收尘效果,对电收尘器及袋收尘器的收尘效果作了比较,并提出了废旧滤袋二次污染问题。     

水泥回转窑窑尾收尘工艺分析

本文介绍了水泥回转窑窑尾收尘典型工艺,阐述了窑尾电、袋收尘器原理及处理效果,分析了窑尾电、袋收尘器的稳定性,提出要从窑系统的稳定中求得收尘器运行的稳定和达标排放.     

浅谈3000t/d水泥生产线窑尾收尘系统改造

介绍了南阳航天水泥厂3000t/d水泥生产线窑尾收尘系统的改造背景、技术方案、施工方案和工程造价。改造采用了在原窑尾反吹风高温玻纤袋收尘器旁并联一台同类型单排袋式收尘器的方案,以增大窑尾袋收尘器过滤面积和降低过滤风速。该窑尾收尘系统的改造取得了明显的成效。     

从收尘技术经济指标的对比看透镜式电收尘器

本文将透镜式电收尘器和线板式电收尘器相近规格的各种产品技术经济指标作了比较,并从电场结构性能与收尘机理说明前者指标优异的原因,指出了透镜式电收尘器的应用前景。     

日产一万吨水泥生产线窑头电收尘器的设计

介绍了国内建材行业单台电收尘器横断面积最大的静电收尘器设计上的技术特点。     

中空纤维膜生物反应器处理炼厂浮选池出水试验研究

研究设计的膜生物反应器处理炼厂浮选池出水,在每天进水容积负荷1.0 kg COD/m3,进水COD浓度600 mg/L,MLSS为900～5500 mg/L的条件下,无论活性污泥表现正常还是膨胀,过滤出水中COD均稳定地小于90 mg/L,处理效果好于目前炼油厂的合建式曝气池(容积负荷为0.5 kg COD/m3左右,出水COD100 mg/L左右)。试验运行期间,膜通量最高可达到42 L/m2·h。该工艺的技术关键是采用特殊流态来降低膜堵塞的膜生物反应器和优良质量的膜。     

Thermal Effects of Photon-Phonon Interaction on a Simple Tissue

Summary The thermal effect due to electromagnetic absorption by human tissues is investigated at different frequencies ranging from 10¹–10¹⁶ Hz. Special emphasis is being considered in the microwave band used in wireless communications of the mobile industry. The present work examines basically the thermal effect that arises as the duration of exposure to the electromagnetic radiation and its dosage is increased. Using a computer simulation, a semi-classical model is adopted, were the photon-phonon interaction is mediated by a homogenous sample of identical elements, which are naturally in harmonic modes of vibration. The phonon lifetime is also included in this work. These thermal effects decrease with frequency in conformity with experimental results. This model is then extrapolated to the individual cells of a human tissue and the possible rise in temperature is estimated.     

Agronomic Water Mass Balance vs. Well Measurement for Assessing Ogallala Aquifer Depletion in the Texas Panhandle

The Ogallala Aquifer is depleting faster than it is being replenished. Interpretation of well data suggests that the water table in some counties is not declining, or not as much as might be expected in view of the amount of land being irrigated. As the Ogallala Aquifer in the Texas Panhandle receives almost no recharge, a possible explanation is that the current method of using well data for estimating the quantity of water remaining in the aquifer is underestimating water in storage. This study used an agronomic water mass balance approach to estimate how much water has been used for irrigation compared to amounts estimated by well data. The major finding was in counties where irrigation well capacities have declined significantly but irrigation is continuing, there is likely more water in storage than presently estimated, but the amounts of water being used for irrigation in those counties are greater than estimated changes of water in storage. The proposed hypothesis for this difference is there are mounds of water between wells that are not being accounted for and data are presented and discussed to support this conjecture.     

A rate of return analysis for public forestry in Ulster

In this paper a rate of return analysis is carried out on public forestry in Northern Ireland. Analysis is based on the results obtained in two very different locations: a 100-hectare acquisition in the western part of the province where the quality of land is generally poor and a 10-hectare plantation in the east where soil and other conditions are reasonably good. The species in question is Sitka spruce, an evergreen variety which is planted for commercial purposes throughout the UK. Rate of return figures obtained here indicate that even with narrow commercial considerations, forestry in Northern Ireland is a sound venture and should expand rapidly to moderate the timber deficiency which exists in the province as well as in the UK and the EEC.     

Optimal Location and Management of Waste Disposal Facilities Affecting Ground Water Quality1

ABSTRACT: Numerical simulation of ground water solute transport is combined with linear programming to optimize waste disposal. A discretized form of the equation governing solute transport is included as a set of constraints in a linear program. Two problems are described. First, the management model is used to maximize ground water waste disposal. The model constrains disposal activities so that the quality of local ground water supplies is protected. Parametric programming is shown to be important in evaluating waste disposal tradeoffs at the various facilities. Changes in the velocity field induced by waste water injection cause a nonlinearity in the solute transport equation which is dealt with by employing an iterative procedure. The second problem is aimed at identifying all sites which are suitable for waste disposal in the subsurface. The management model is manipulated so that the optimal value of the dual variables are “unit source impact indicators.” This physical interpretation is valuable in identifying feasible disposal sites. The joint simulation and optimization approach permits the management of complex ground water systems where the aquifer is used simultaneously for waste disposal and water supply.     

秦皇岛地区气候资源及农业气候资源特征分析

利用近50 a秦皇岛气象资料,对该地区气候资源及农业气候资源特征进行了分析总结。结果表明:秦皇岛地区年降水量650～700 mm左右,呈减少趋势。全年80%保证率的降水量为425 mm,存在供需矛盾。蒸发量较降水量明显偏多,直接决定了该地区土壤在自然状态下绝大部分时段处于干旱状态。年平均气温10℃左右,呈上升趋势。平均年太阳辐射总量为5 154 MJ/m2,太阳辐射资源较丰富。秦皇岛地区农时较长,气温稳定通过10℃期间历时192 d,可以实行短生育期作物一年二熟或套作二熟。     

溶解氧对好氧颗粒污泥影响的研究进展

好氧颗粒污泥技术是一种新颖废水处理技术。溶解氧(DO)是好氧颗粒污泥形成和稳定运行的一个重要参数。好氧颗粒污泥需要的曝气量大,能耗高。高曝气量带来的高DO浓度不利于氨氮通过SND去除。当DO扩散在颗粒内部受到限制时,颗粒中心形成的厌氧层不利于颗粒污泥的长期稳定运行。本文系统分析了DO浓度对好氧颗粒污泥影响的国内外研究现状,对好氧颗粒污泥中DO浓度这一重要参数的研究进行了总结。研究在低DO浓度下保持好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性有利于降低运行成本,采取合适的方法降低颗粒内部的扩散限制有利于增强颗粒的稳定性能。     

Application of coal ash to environmental improvement: Transformation into zeolite, potassium fertilizer, and FGD absorbent

The rapid increase in population and economic growth have led to an increase in energy demand. Coal reserves are distributed worldwide, and coal is now known to be the most stable and available energy source. However, utilization of coal as an energy source involves the generation of a great amount of coal ash, and the recycling rate of the ash is rather low. Coal ash is mainly used in civil construction materials, and there is a limit to the demand for coal ash by construction industries: therefore, the increasing amount of coal ash will be a serious problem in the near future. Different applications should be considered. In this paper, three environmentally-friendly methods for coal ash recycling are described. Firstly, alkali treatment can transform coal ash to zeolite, which is used in deodorant and for wastewater treatment and soil improvement. Secondly, potassium silicate fertilizer is produced from coal ash and has a higher retentivity in the soil than that of conventional fertilizers. Thirdly, emission of sulfur dioxide is controlled by flue gas desulfurization using coal ash. It is considered that environmentally-friendly use of coal ash is important from the viewpoints of energy, economy, and environmental strategy in order to realize the concept of sustainable development.     

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS IN THE USE OF STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING FOR RESERVOIR OPERATION1

ABSTRACT: A stochastic dynamic programming model is applied to a small hydroelectric system. The variation in number of stage iterations and the computer time required to reach steady state conditions with changes in the number of storage states is investigated. The increase in computer time required to develop the storage probability distributions with increase in the number of storage states is reviewed. It is found that for an average of seven inflow states, the largest number of storage states for which it is computationally feasible to develop the storage probability distributions is nine. It is shown that use of the dynamic program results based on a small number of storage states results in unrealistically skewed storage probability distributions. These skewed distributions are attributed to “trapping” states at the low end of the storage range.     

成渝地区大气污染生命统计价值评价研究——基于单边界二分式的条件价值法

大气污染生命统计价值是进行大气污染造成的人体健康损失核算和大气污染防治政策成效评估的关键指标。本文运用条件价值方法的单边界二分式函数模型,对成渝地区降低大气污染健康风险的平均支付意愿和生命统计价值进行了计算。主要结论如下:①成渝地区大气污染的平均支付意愿是1974.2元,生命统计价值为394.8万元。其中,四川部分地区和重庆地区的生命统计价值分别为402万元和392.8万元。②性别、家庭年收入和自我认知的身体健康状况等指标对平均支付意愿影响较大。③在生命价值评估方法中,国内普遍使用人力资本法,而国外主要使用条件价值法。条件价值法计算的生命统计价值高于人力资本法计算的结果,但与发达国家相比,我国成渝地区的生命统计价值相对较低。