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以86台中小型燃烟煤层燃炉(≤65 MW)的燃料特性分析数据和NOx排放实测数据为基础,通过统计分析方法,研究了锅炉出力、过量空气系数、燃煤挥发分、燃煤氮含量对NOx排放浓度的影响,分析了我国中小型燃烟煤层燃炉NOx的排放与管理控制现状。结果表明,中小型燃用烟煤层燃炉NOx平均排放浓度为324.6 mg/m3;锅炉出力对NOx排放浓度不具有显著影响;燃煤挥发分增高,NOx排放浓度降低;过量空气系数和燃煤氮含量增大,NOx排放浓度增高;并建议在国家层面上尽快制订燃煤锅炉NOx排放标准限值。 相似文献
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以86台中小型燃烟煤层燃炉(≤65 MW)的燃料特性分析数据和NOx排放实测数据为基础,通过统计分析方法,研究了锅炉出力、过量空气系数、燃煤挥发分、燃煤氮含量对NOx排放浓度的影响,分析了我国中小型燃烟煤层燃炉NOx的排放与管理控制现状。结果表明,中小型燃用烟煤层燃炉NOx平均排放浓度为324.6 mg/m^3;锅炉出力对NOx排放浓度不具有显著影响;燃煤挥发分增高,NOx排放浓度降低;过量空气系数和燃煤氮含量增大,NOx排放浓度增高;并建议在国家层面上尽快制订燃煤锅炉NOx排放标准限值。 相似文献
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为研究O_2/CO_2烟气循环煅烧水泥技术实现CO_2和NOx减排的可行性,采用数值模拟的方法对某2 500 t·d~(-1)回转窑和分解炉模型进行了21%O_2/79%CO_2助燃氛围下煤粉燃烧的研究,对比分析了O_2/CO_2助燃工况下与空气助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的模拟结果,并通过实验验证了数值模拟的可靠性。结果表明:与空气助燃工况下相比,O_2/CO_2助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的煤粉燃尽率分别为92.41%、91.15%,下降了3.06%、3.51%;分解炉出口处生料分解率为90.54%,下降了2.90%,仍满足生产需求;O_2/CO_2助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的NO排放量明显下降,脱硝率分别为74.47%、11.80%;烟气中CO_2体积分数从32.23%增加到95.35%,通过简单的处理就可以实现C捕获。上述研究结果为O_2/CO_2烟气循环煅烧水泥技术的推广应用提供了参考。 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2017,(5)
热解气化是固体废弃物能源化处置技术发展的主要方向,针对未分选混合生活垃圾,提出了一种新型两段式移动床固体废弃物控氧热转化反应装置。该反应器由两段结构组成:前段往复炉排作为垃圾的干燥热解段,后段旋转流化床作为物料燃尽段。实验研究发现,控制气化室过量空气系数对城市生活垃圾的热转化过程以及二恶英的产生、垃圾中重金属迁移转化等污染物的行为影响显著。气化室过量空气系数在0.5~0.7之间有利于提高二燃室和炉膛出口温度。从污染物的控制来讲,一次风过量空气系数在0.5,总的过量空气系数1.52左右对燃烧常规污染物和二恶英的控制最有利。从底渣和飞灰毒性上考虑,低的ER有利于底渣中的重金属浸出量,当ER≤0.3,底渣的浸出毒性均低于危险废弃物的浸出值,可作为一般废弃物处理。 相似文献
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中国山东电网燃煤锅炉NOx排放状况和治理技术试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对山东电网所属发电厂锅炉NOx排放状况进行调查、测试,得出锅炉NOx排放量与煤种、炉型、燃烧器型式、运行中空气过剩系数、负荷等的关系。结果表明,山东省火力发电厂50MW及以上容量机组2003年的NOx排放总量超过40万t(按NO2计算)。控制和治理NOx排放已成为刻不容缓的重要工作。 相似文献
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通过对山东电网所属发电厂锅炉NOx排放状况进行调查、测试,得出锅炉NOx排放量与煤种、炉型、燃烧器型式、运行中空气过剩系数、负荷等的关系.结果表明,山东省火力发电厂50 MW及以上容量机组2003年的NOx排放总量超过40万t(按NO2计算).控制和治理NOx排放已成为刻不容缓的重要工作. 相似文献
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Shih L. Chen John C. Kramlich W. Randall Seeker David W. Pershing 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1375-1379
This paper summarizes an experimental study which was conducted to investigate the chemical constraints of the reburning process and identify reburning configurations for optimal NOx reduction in coal-fired boilers. Tests were performed on a bench scale tunnel furnace to characterize and optimize the fuel-rich reburning zone and the fuel-lean burnout zone independently. Detailed measurements ofunburned hydrocarbons, CO, NH3, and HCN were made at the reburning zone exit. The influence of the concentrations of reactive species was examined as were temperature effects for both the reburning and burnout zone. Results indicated that reburning zone chemistry was not rate limiting. The impacts of temperature and burnout zone oxidation were of major importance. Integration of the optimum reburning and burnout zone configurations resulted in increased NOx reduction. Over 85 percent reduction in NOx emissions was achieved with ammonium sulfate injection in the burnout zone under optimum reburning conditions. 相似文献
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Daniel Bienstock Robert L. Amsler Edgar R. Bauer Jr. 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):442-445
Nitrogen oxides are a potential atmospheric pollutant. Their formation and decomposition were studied in an experimental pulverized-coal-fired furnace. The concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) was a maximum in the combustion zone and decreased as the combustion gas cooled. At a coal burning rate of 2 Ib/hr and 22% excess air, reduction of nitrogen oxides was obtained by selective secondary-air distribution. With 105% cf the stoichiometric air fed to the coal-combustion zone and 17% additional air fed just beyond the flame front, 62% reduction of NOx occurred with good combustion efficiency. Lowering the quantity of excess air lowered the NOx concentration, but at the expense of combustion efficiency. When 22% excess air was fed to the primary combustion zone, NOx concentration in the effluent was 550 ppm and carbon in the fly ash 2.0%. With 5% excess air, the NOx concentration fell to 210 ppm and carbon in the fly ash rose to 13.8%. With stoichiometric combustion the NOx was 105 ppm a reduction of 81 %, and the carbon was 42.3%. Recirculation of combustion gas was not an effective means of lowering NOx formation. 相似文献
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Kim SS Kang YS Lee HD Kim JK Hong SC 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(3):254-259
Eight types of coals of different rank were selected and their fundamental combustion characteristics were examined along with the conversion of volatile nitrogen (N) to nitrogen oxides (NOx)/fuel N to NOx. The activation energy, onset temperature, and burnout temperature were obtained from the differential thermogravimetry curve and Arrhenius plot, which were derived through thermo-gravimetric analysis. In addition, to derive the combustion of volatile N to NOx/fuel N to NOx, the coal sample, which was pretreated at various temperatures, was burned, and the results were compared with previously derived fundamental combustion characteristics. The authors' experimental results confirmed that coal rank was highly correlated with the combustion of volatile N to NOx/fuel N to NOx. 相似文献
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A. Kokkinos J.E. Cichanowicz D. Eskinazi J. Stallings G. Often 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1498-1505
More than 325 representatives of utilities, research organizations, vendors, engineering service firms, universities and regulatory agencies attended the EPRI workshop on NOx Controls for Utility Boilers in Cambridge, Massachusetts, July 7–9, 1992. The workshop featured more than 30 presentations on regulatory developments, low-NOx burner (LNB) retrofits for coal?, oil? and gas-fired units, overfire air and reburning retrofits, postcombustion NOx controls and LNB procurement issues. 相似文献
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Srivastava RK Hall RE Khan S Culligan K Lani BW 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(9):1367-1388
Recent regulations have required reductions in emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from electric utility boilers. To comply with these regulatory requirements, it is increasingly important to implement state-of-the-art NOx control technologies on coal-fired utility boilers. This paper reviews NOx control options for these boilers. It discusses the established commercial primary and secondary control technologies and examines what is being done to use them more effectively. Furthermore, the paper discusses recent developments in NOx controls. The popular primary control technologies in use in the United States are low-NOx burners and overfire air. Data reflect that average NOx reductions for specific primary controls have ranged from 35% to 63% from 1995 emissions levels. The secondary NOx control technologies applied on U.S. coal-fired utility boilers include reburning, selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Thirty-six U.S. coal-fired utility boilers have installed SNCR, and reported NOx reductions achieved at these applications ranged from 15% to 66%. Recently, SCR has been installed at >150 U.S. coal-fired utility boilers. Data on the performance of 20 SCR systems operating in the United States with low-NOx emissions reflect that in 2003, these units achieved NOx emission rates between 0.04 and 0.07 lb/10(6) Btu. 相似文献
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Chyang CS Liu CY Chang YD 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2001,51(4):542-551
All experiments were carried out in a prototype vortexing fluidized bed combustor (VFBC). The dimension of the combustion chamber is 0.7 x 1.4 x 2 m, and the freeboard section is 1 m i.d. and 4 m in height. Paper sludge was used as the feeding material. Two types of coal particles were employed as the supplementary fuel. In order to understand the characteristics of the VFBC system for paper sludge incineration, the effect of various operating parameters, such as the primary airflow, excess air ratio, and secondary airflow rates, on temperature distribution, ash elutriation, combustion efficiency, and pollutant emissions were investigated. 相似文献
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Investigation of selective catalytic reduction impact on mercury speciation under simulated NOx emission control conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lee CW Srivastava RK Ghorishi SB Hastings TW Stevens FM 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(12):1560-1566
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology increasingly is being applied for controlling emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from coal-fired boilers. Some recent field and pilot studies suggest that the operation of SCR could affect the chemical form of mercury (Hg) in coal combustion flue gases. The speciation of Hg is an important factor influencing the control and environmental fate of Hg emissions from coal combustion. The vanadium and titanium oxides, used commonly in the vanadia-titania SCR catalyst for catalytic NOx reduction, promote the formation of oxidized mercury (Hg2+). The work reported in this paper focuses on the impact of SCR on elemental mercury (Hg0) oxidation. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to investigate Hg0 oxidation in the presence of simulated coal combustion flue gases and under SCR reaction conditions. Flue gas mixtures with different concentrations of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for simulating the combustion of bituminous coals and subbituminous coals were tested in these experiments. The effects of HCl and SO2 in the flue gases on Hg0 oxidation under SCR reaction conditions were studied. It was observed that HCl is the most critical flue gas component that causes conversion of Hg0 to Hg2+ under SCR reaction conditions. The importance of HCl for Hg0 oxidation found in the present study provides the scientific basis for the apparent coal-type dependence observed for Hg0 oxidation occurring across the SCR reactors in the field. 相似文献
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Experimental and modeling study of the effect of CH(4) and pulverized coal on selective non-catalytic reduction process 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The reduction of nitric oxide using ammonia combined with methane and pulverized coal additives has been studied in a drop tube furnace reactor. Simulated flue gas with 1000ppm NO(x) and 3.4% excess oxygen was generated by cylinder gas. Experiments were performed in the temperature range of 700-1200 degrees C to investigate the effects of additives on the DeNO(x) performance. Subsequently, a kinetic mechanism was modified and validated based on experimental results, and a computational kinetic modeling with CHEMKIN was conducted to analyze the secondary pollutants. For both methane and pulverized coal additives, the temperature window is shifted towards lower temperatures. The appropriate reaction temperature is shifted to about 900 and 800 degrees C, respectively with 1000ppm methane and 0.051gmin(-1) pulverized lignite coal. The addition of methane and pulverized coal widens the temperature window towards lower temperature suggesting a low temperature application of the process. Furthermore, selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) reaction rate is accelerated evidently with additives and the residence time to complete the reaction is shortened distinctly. NO(x) reduction efficiency with 80% is achieved in about 0.3s without additive at 1000 degrees C. However, it is achieved in only about 0.2s with 100ppm methane as additive, and only 0.07 and 0.05s are needed respectively for the cases of 500 and 1000ppm methane. The modified kinetic modeling agrees well with the experimental results and reveals additional information about the process. Investigation on the byproducts where NO(2) and N(2)O were analyzed by modeling and the others were investigated by experimental means indicates that emissions would not increase with methane and pulverized coal additions in SNCR process and the efficacious temperature range of SNCR reaction is widened approximately with 100 degrees C. 相似文献