超临界水氧化法处理有机污染物

介绍了超临界水氧化法处理有机污染物的基本原理，工艺流程和应用实例及使用范围，对比分析了超临界水氧化法与焚烧法处理有机污染物的技术特点，经济实用性，指明了超临界水氧化法作为一种有效的有机污染物处理方法，在化工环保等领域将具有广阔的应用前景。     

国外超临界水氧化法在有机危险废物处理上的应用

介绍了以超临界水为反应介质的超临界水氧化法的特点及其在处理多氯联苯、二恶英等有机危险废物中的应用。     

超临界水氧化法水处理技术进展

介绍了超临界水的特性和超临界水氧化法水处理技术的原理与工艺流程;着重论述了催化剂在超临界水氧化法中的应用,以及在超临界状态下材料的腐蚀研究现状;展望了这一新型水处理技术的发展前景。     

废水中氨氮湿式空气氧化和超临界水氧化研究进展

湿式空气氧化法(WAO)和超临界水氧化法（SCWO)废水处理技术近年已有广泛研究。当催化剂存在于氧化体系时,不仅能降低反应温度、压力,而且可提高废水中有害物质的降解效率。介绍了氨的湿式空气氧化和超临界水氧化催化剂应用的研究进展、各种催化剂在超临界水中的稳定性能及氨的催化超临界水氧化情况。     

超临界水氧化装置氧化有机氯化物

超临界水氧化装置氧化有机氯化物ＣｈｅｍｉｅａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，１００［１２］，１７（１９９３）首座工业规模的超临界水氧化装置将在美国得克萨斯州的迪尔帕克建成。这座耗资６Ｍ美元、处理能力为５０００ｇａｌ／ｄ的装置可以处理多种污染物，包括废水中的...     

焦化废水的超临界水氧化处理方法及装置

正该专利涉及一种焦化废水的超临界水氧化处理方法及装置。具体方法如下:将焦化废水及双氧水加入反应釜中,在300~500℃、16~28 MPa的搅拌条件下反应1~5 min;反应完成后,分别收集气体及液体产物,从而实现焦化废水的净化。该专利采用超临界水氧化法处理焦化废水,以双氧水作为氧化剂,将焦化废水与双氧水在反应釜中进行加温、加压反应,可高效去除焦化废水中的COD、挥发酚、总氰化物和苯并(α)芘等有毒有害污染     

高级氧化技术降解环烷酸的研究进展

针对原油及油砂洗脱废水中的环烷酸所具有的酸性、毒性、腐蚀性等特点，介绍了多种降解环烷酸的高级氧化技术，包括Fenton氧化法、臭氧氧化法、光催化氧化法、超临界氧化法、微波辐照法等。评述了高级氧化技术降解环烷酸的最新进展和发现，分析了各种技术的处理效果，并总结了各种技术的优缺点。最后，提出了处理石油行业环烷酸废水的一些思路，为现阶段石油行业环烷酸废水的处理提供了参考。     

超临界水氧化法处理污水处理场的污泥

美国得克萨斯洲Harlingen市建成第一套超临界水污泥处理装置,现正进行试运行,待第二套装置建成后,污泥总处理能力约为35000加仑/d(污泥固体质量分数为7%～8%),可处理掉2座城市污水处理场和1座工业废水处理场产生的全部污泥. 这是超临界水氧化法首次工业化用于处理污水场污泥.在1100、3400磅/英寸2及有氧存在的条件下,有机物被氧化成二氧化碳和水,重金属被氧化成不能被滤出的状态. 该装置的投资为300万美元,污泥(干泥)处理费约为180美元/t,而土地施用法和土地填埋法对污泥的处置费用为275美元/t .该装置处理1 t干泥产生的废热及CO2产品可销售120美元,从而使处理费用降至60美元/ t. (以上由陈殿英供稿)     

固体废弃物的处理技术

固体废物处理技术涉及物理学、化学、生物学、机械工程等多种学科，主要处理技术有：（1）固体废物的预处理。主要包括固体废物的破碎、筛分、粉磨、压缩等工序；（2）物理法处理固体废物。可采用重力分选、磁力分选、电力分选、光电分选、弹道分选、摩擦分选和浮选等分选方法；（3）化学法处理固体废物。煅烧、焙烧、烧结、溶剂浸出、热分解、焚烧、电力辐射都属于化学处理方法；（4）生物法处理固体废物；（5）固体废物的最终处理。有焚化法、填埋法、海洋投弃法等，固体废物在填埋和投弃海洋之前尚需进行无害化处理。     

超临界水氧化技术发展现状及展望

介绍了超临界水氧化法的研究现状与进展，阐述了其原理、特点、工艺流程及反应器，并对其应用领域做了重点描述，指出了其应用中存在的主要问题及今后的研究方向。     

Recovery of metals from waste printed circuit boards by supercritical water pre-treatment combined with acid leaching process

Waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain a large number of metals such as Cu, Sn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Mn. In this work, an efficient and environmentally friendly process for metals recovery from waste PCBs by supercritical water (SCW) pre-treatment combined with acid leaching was developed. In the proposed process, waste PCBs were pre-treated by SCW, then the separated solid phase product with concentrated metals was subjected to an acid leaching process for metals recovery. The effect of SCW pre-treatment on the recovery of different metals from waste PCBs was investigated. Two methods of SCW pre-treatment were studied: supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water depolymerization (SCWD). Experimental results indicated that SCWO and SCWD pre-treatment had significant effect on the recovery of different metals. SCWO pre-treatment was highly efficient for enhancing the recovery of Cu and Pb, and the recovery efficiency increased significantly with increasing pre-treatment temperature. The recovery efficiency of Cu and Pb for SCWO pre-treatment at 420 °C was 99.8% and 80%, respectively, whereas most of the Sn and Cr were immobilized in the residue. The recovery of all studied metals was enhanced by SCWD pre-treatment and increased along with pre-treatment temperature. Up to 90% of Sn, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Mn could be recovered for SCWD pre-treatment at 440 °C.     

Destruction of PAHS from soil by using pressurized hot water extraction coupled with supercritical water oxidation

Chemical processes utilizing water both as extraction solvent and reaction medium are promising "Green Chemistry" alternatives to conventional techniques. Equipment for on-line coupled hot water extraction and supercritical water oxidation was constructed to extract polyaromatic hydrocarbons and toluene from sea sand followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide. The effectiveness of the technique is based on the physico-chemical properties of heated and pressurized water. Extraction efficiency increased with temperature and time; the best results were obtained at 300 degrees C with 40 min extraction time. In the oxidation stage, conversion of the PAHs increased with reaction time and oxidant concentration and the best conversion (97.0-99.9%, depending on the compound) was obtained at 425 degrees C with 43 s reaction time. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid were the most abundant reaction intermediates in the oxidation process. In addition, phenol, p-cresol, and benzyl alcohol were found as intermediates. The intermediates originated mainly from toluene, which was present in much greater concentration than PAHs in the reaction medium.     

废水中难降解有机物的高级氧化技术

综述了近年来废水难降解有机污染物的高级氧化处理技术,主要包括化学氧化、电化学氧化、湿空气氧化、超临界水氧化及光催化氧化技术等。介绍了各种处理技术的基本原理及研究进展,并对其特点进行了评述。     

给水加氧处理在超超临界1000MW机组的应用

徐州电厂超超临界1000MW机组投产后及时采用了给水加氧处理技术，介绍了1号机组给水加氧转换过程、水汽指标的变化情况。加氧处理技术实施后水汽系统含铁量显著降低，精处理混床运行周期延长，加药量减少，效果显著，提高了机组运行的经济性和安全性。