两江源区农业资源及其开发

在分析长江和澜沧江源区流域农业资源状况及其开发潜力的基础上,探讨了农业资源开发的不利因素,论述了两江源区流域农业资源开发的意义,最后提出了农业资源开发利用的措施。     

农业生产力再开发研究

从影响农业生产力的生产要素视角出发，阐释了农业生产力再开发的内涵，分析了我国当前农业生产力开发不足的表现及其产生的原因，并提出了相应的农业生产力再开发对策。     

农业开发的企业化经营

目前企业化经营已被越来越多地运用于农业开发的生产管理中。本文阐述了农业开发中企业化经营形式及其重要性,分析了当前企业化经营优势尚未充分发挥的原因,提出了加强农业开发企业化管理的对策。     

发挥区域资源优势，发展“一优两高”农业──岩头镇农业资源优势的开发布局探讨

本文分析评价了永嘉县岩头镇农业综合开发的优势条件、开发潜力，提出了开发农业的方向、区域布局和开发项目和开发措施。     

资源利用强烈反差与农业发展

农业升温、再上新台阶的有效选择是农业资源的综合开发。鉴于目前我国农业资源利用中存在的强烈反差这一“基本国情”,在农业综合开发中必须充分认识强烈反差对农业发展的制约和价值,正确处理好内涵开发与外延开发、分散开发与规模开发、示范开发与区域开发之间的关系,并实现由粗放开发向集约开发、单一开发向多元开发、单向开发向双向开发的转变。     

农业开发与农业生态环境的保护和建设

本文分析了农业开发中存在的四个主要环境生态问题,及其对农业生产的严重制约,提出了当前农业综合开发过程中生态环境治理、保护和建设的6项基本对策。     

发挥区域资源优势,发展“一优两高”农业：岩头镇农业资源优势的…

本文分析评价了永嘉县岩头镇农业综合开发的优势条件，开发潜力，提出了开发农业的方向，区域布局和开发项目和开发措施。     

常熟市农业资源的开发潜力与对策

该文就常熟市农业资源的实际出发,从改造中低产田、开发长江滩地、复耕零星废弃地、利用庭园空间、立体利用水面、开发杂草资源、加工植物蛋白饲料及发展棉田套作等8个方面的途径,评价了农业开发潜力,说明在经济发达地区的农业开发是大有可为的。文章提出了相应的实施对策。     

市场经济体制下农业资源综合开发的长期性

本文总结了近年来农业开发的经验，从提高开发意识、增加开发投资力度、强化开发管理机制、优化开发资金投向等方面，对农业综合开发长期发展问题进行了探讨。     

转变观念,面向市场,提高农业综合开发整体水平

在计划经济体制下.农业不是也不可能成为一个独立产业,其结果只能是社会效益可观、经济效益甚微甚至倒贴,吃苦的是农民。社会主义市场经济体制的逐步确立,为农业走向市场带来了希望,首要的是确立市场经济观念。丘陵地区大搞农业资源的综合开发是使农业走向市场的重要途径,综合开发上了水平,实现“三高”农业就大有希望。搞农业综合开发的途径很多,但都必须以市场为导向、科技为先导、经济效益为中心,大搞农业产加销一条龙、贸工农一体化是提高农业综合开发整体水平、实现“三高”农业的必要途径。     

农业自然资源综合管理立法与农业可持续发展

本文通过对持续农业的法律内涵、农业自然资源的普遍特征及中国资源立法现状分析,建议制定农业自然资源综合管理法规,以确保农业自然资源的合理利用和有效管理,推动农业的持续发展     

试论我国农业环境保护战略问题

我国是发展中的国家，农业在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位，环境污染和生态破坏是农业潜伏着的生态危机，也是农业发展过程中亟待解决的重大问题。如何从我国农业环境问题的特点和农业经济现状出发，制定出与农业经济发展相适应遥农业环境保护战略，是我国农业发展和环境保护工作中的一项重要任务。本文就我国农业环境保护的战略地位和作用、指导思想和方针、目标和重点、措施等一系列战略问题，进行初步探讨。     

Analysis of livelihood security: a case study in the Kali-Khola watershed of Nepal

This paper examines household livelihoods in highland and lowland communities of the Kali-Khola agricultural watershed in western Nepal on the basis of economic, ecological and social security indicators. Significant differences were found in soil fertility status, pests and diseases management, risk and uncertainties, use of agrochemicals and access to social services. No remarkable variations were found in crop diversification, annual agricultural income and food sufficiency. However, uncertainty and risk in agricultural production is relatively low in highland communities. The findings reveal that agriculture production alone is not a viable livelihood option for agricultural watershed communities in Nepal. The households growing crops with hired labour have relatively sustainable livelihoods in Nepal's agricultural watersheds. Insufficient agricultural land, insufficient working manpower within a family, and lack of access to ecological agricultural services are prime factors in being livelihood insecure in agricultural watershed communities. Therefore, long-term policies and plans need to be developed for the empowerment of local farmers and to support rural livelihoods with adaptable and flexible income-generating strategies, resilient resource management institutions and enhancement of knowledge, skills and social capital.     

甘肃省农业高质量发展水平测度及制约因子研究

结合农业高质量发展的特征,构建农业高质量发展评价指标体系,采用熵值法、障碍因子诊断模型对甘肃省2009—2018年农业高质量发展水平和制约因素进行分析。结果发现:①2009—2018年,甘肃省农业高质量发展综合水平整体呈增长态势,但农业发展质量不高。②农业绿色发展和农业科技创新是甘肃省农业高质量发展的主要短板。③人力资本和生态环境保护是制约甘肃省农业高质量发展的主要因素。基于研究结果,提出强化政府职能、培育和引进高质量农业人才、贯彻新发展理念、构建生态补偿机制等加快甘肃省农业高质量发展的政策建议。     

Increasing the public benefits of agricultural conservation easements: an illustration with the Central Valley Farmland Trust in the San Joaquin Valley

Agricultural conservation easements (ACEs) involve the significant expenditure of public funds through either tax benefits and/or direct public expenditures. The selection of agricultural parcels for conservation should, therefore, maximise net public benefits to the extent possible within financial constraints and the need for agricultural viability to maintain working landscapes. Some programmes select agricultural parcels for conservation easements based only on agricultural viability and/or land cost, however, without explicit consideration of the many other public benefits often associated with ACEs. This paper illustrates application of a method for increasing the public benefits of agricultural conservation easements through a case study in the northern San Joaquin Valley of California. The method is a strategic planning process that incorporates both a GIS-based quantitative assessment and a more qualitative assessment. Such an approach is a supplement to – rather than a substitute for – the more science-based Landscape Evaluation and Site Evaluation (LESA) approach developed by the US Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and cost-minimisation approaches that emphasise economic considerations. However, we show that public land use planning and regulatory policies are essential for agricultural conservation. Acquisition strategies in isolation will not be successful without complementary public regulatory policies.     

市场经济条件下江西农业资源的综合开发

本文简述了市场经济的基本特征及其对农业资源综合开发提出的新要求，分析了目前江西农业资源开发利用中存在的问题，提出了在社会主义市场经济体制条件下，综合开发江西农业资源，发展高产优质高效农业应遵循的原则及应采取的对策和措施。     

Analysis of the impact of tourism on agricultural carbon emissions-based on the mediating effect of nonagricultural transfer of labor in China

How to control the growth of agricultural carbon emissions while developing tourism has become the primary issue that needs addressing in the development of rural China. This paper explores the impact of tourism on agricultural carbon emissions and further analyses the mediating effect of labor transfer in this relationship. The analysis is evaluated using provincial panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019 with a sequential regression model. The results show that tourism development increases agricultural carbon emissions, which is more pronounced in areas with advanced economies or higher education levels. Second, labor transfer to nonfarming industries suppresses the increase in agricultural carbon emissions caused by tourism. Finally, (i) the impact of tourism on labor transfer in less developed and less educated regions is limited, and (ii) there is the expectation of large-scale use of agricultural machinery due to labor transfer in economically developed or highly educated areas. The heterogeneity test shows these two reasons lead to a mediating effect of labor transfer on agricultural carbon emissions in different regions.     

耕地重金属污染治理政策与利益相关者互馈机制实证研究——基于某试点区的调研

基于利益相关者和政策过程理论,以某地耕地重金属污染治理试点为案例,对农业主管部门、环境主管部门、粮食收储部门、科研单位、农资生产商、农资流通主体、农户以及新型农业经营主体等八类利益相关者的利益诉求、行为特征以及与政策的相互影响进行了深入分析。研究表明,不同相关者的利益诉求和行为特征构成了试点区错综复杂的治理格局。在政策过程中,农业主管部门的主导作用明显,存在着因有效互动不足造成的政策制定缺乏共识,政策执行成本较高、阻力较大,政策评估有待完善等问题。虽然现行政策在一定程度上调动了除部分农资流通主体外其余利益相关者的积极性,但尚未形成利益相关者共同治理且与政策良性互馈的局面,需从政策过程视角加以完善。     

生态环境部体制下农业面源监管的难点与应对建议

农业面源污染治理对完成好"水污染防治行动计划"、"大气污染防治行动计划"具有举足轻重的作用。从农业废水面源污染现状来看,畜禽养殖业排污在农业源中占绝对优势,且全国仍有90%以上的分散养殖畜禽未得到综合整治,整治力度亟需进一步加强;农业废气面源污染主要来源于秸秆焚烧,已成为重污染天气的帮凶之一,近年来秸秆综合利用率有所提升但仍存在秸秆焚烧现象。"监督指导农业面源污染治理"是生态环境部的新职能,新职能带来新挑战:由于农业源具有分布分散、受地域等因素影响较大、治理的责任主体不明确等特点,以工业污染治理为核心的环境管理体系"难以作为";另一方面,基层监管工作缺少数据、缺少人员,现有基层环保队伍承接新职能的能力明显不足。为此,提出应对建议:一是建立适应农业面源特点的环境管理体系,二是采取多种手段强化农业面源的环境监管,三是推动各级政府加大农业面源治理力度,通过规范农业生产的清洁化水平,从源头控制农业面源污染产生量和排放量。     

内江市农业生产力的数值模拟

本文利用农业生产力模型对内江市的农业生产力进行了数值模拟实验。结果表明内江市农业生产的前景十分广阔,不同耕作制度的农业产值排序为稻-稻-油＞稻-油＞稻-麦＞玉一薯一油＞玉一薯一麦＞稻。