共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
我国土地年租制的发展趋势--年租制与增量土地供应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着我国产业结构的急剧变化,城市建设用地需求量激增,与农业争地现象严重,征地、供地环节的问题日益突出。在这种环境下,实施土地年租制的重要性逐渐凸显。在肯定年租制盘活城市存量土地的有效作用的基础上,着重分析了在增量土地供应环节引入年租制,对进一步完善土地有偿使用制度,从而遏制圈地运动,协助解决征地补偿问题,以及为国家创造更多的土地收益等方面的积极作用,为我国年租制的发展方向提供理论参考和实践依据。 相似文献
2.
The magnitude of the environmental and social consequences of soil erosion and land degradation in semiarid areas of the Mediterranean
region has long been recognized and studied. This paper investigates the interrelationship between land use/cover (LULC) changes
and land degradation using remotely sensed and ancillary data for southeastern Spain. The area of study, the Xaló River catchment
situated in the north of the Alicante Province, has been subjected to a number of LULC changes during the second half of the
20th century such as agricultural abandonment, forest fires, and tourist development. Aerial photographs dating back to 1956
were used for the delineation of historic LULC types; Landsat ETM+ data were used for the analysis and mapping of current
conditions. Two important indicators of land degradation, namely, susceptibility to surface runoff and soil erosion, were
estimated for the two dates using easily parametrizable models. The comparison of 1956 to 2000 conditions shows an overall
“recuperating” trend over the catchment and increased susceptibility to soil erosion only in 3% of the catchment area. The
results also identify potential degradation hot-spots where mitigation measures should be taken to prevent further degradation.
The readily implemented methodology, based on modest data requirements demonstrated by this study, is a useful tool for catchment
to regional scale land use change and land degradation studies and strategic planning for environmental management. 相似文献
3.
4.
Land Management Versus Natural Factors in Land Instability: Some Examples in Northern Spain 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Viola Maria Bruschi Jaime Bonachea Juan Remondo Jose Gómez-Arozamena Victoria Rivas Matteo Barbieri Stefano Capocchi Mauro Soldati Antonio Cendrero 《Environmental management》2013,52(2):398-416
The objective of this work is to test a hypothesis formulated on the basis of former results which considers that there might be a “global geomorphic change,” due to activities related to land management and not determined by climate change, which could be causing an acceleration of geomorphic processes. Possible relationships between some geomorphic processes related to land instability (landslides or sediment generation) and potential triggering factors are analyzed in study areas in northern Spain. The analysis is based on landslide inventories covering different periods, as well as the determination of sedimentation rates. Temporal landslide and sedimentation rate trends are compared with different indicators of human activities (land-use change, logging, forest fires) and with potential natural triggers (rainfall, seismicity). The possible influence of the road network in the distribution of landslides is also analyzed. Results obtained show that there is a general increase of both landslide and sedimentation rates with time that cannot be explained satisfactorily by observed rainfall trends and even less by seismicity. Land-use change appears to be by far the main factor leading to land instability, with some changes producing up to a 12-fold increase of landslide rate. A relationship between road network and the spatial distribution of landslides has also been observed. These results do confirm the existence of an acceleration of geomorphic processes in the region, and also suggest that climate-related factors play a limited role in the changes observed. 相似文献
5.
土地定级中的数据检验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文根据土地定级工作中土地级别划分合理性的检验指标,分析了采样数据的分布情况,提出了多种样本数据的检验方法,并给出了检验步骤和相应的数学模型,保证了土地级别划分的合理性。 相似文献
6.
7.
Projecting Large-Scale Area Changes in Land Use and Land Cover for Terrestrial Carbon Analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
One of the largest changes in US forest type areas over the last half-century has involved pine types in the South. The area of planted pine has increased more than 10-fold since 1950, mostly on private lands. Private landowners have responded to market incentives and government programs, including subsidized afforestation on marginal agricultural land. Timber harvest is a crucial disturbance affecting planted pine area, as other forest types are converted to planted pine after harvest. Conversely, however, many harvested pine plantations revert to other forest types, mainly due to passive regeneration behavior on nonindustrial private timberlands. We model land use and land cover changes as a basis for projecting future changes in planted pine area, to aid policy analysts concerned with mitigation activities for global climate change. Projections are prepared in two stages. Projected land use changes include deforestation due to pressures to develop rural land as the human population expands, which is a larger area than that converted from other rural lands (e.g., agriculture) to forestry. In the second stage, transitions among forest types are projected on land allocated to forestry. We consider reforestation, influences of timber harvest, and natural succession and disturbance processes. Baseline projections indicate a net increase of about 5.6 million ha in planted pine area in the South over the next 50 years, with a notable increase in sequestered carbon. Additional opportunities to expand pine plantation area warrant study of landowner behavior to aid in designing more effective incentives for inducing land use and land cover changes to help mitigate climate change and attain other goals. 相似文献
8.
本文通过对我国土地现状、土地政策的特点以及土地政策与法律的区别来阐述土地政策亟需规范的必要性,并提出了相应的对策、措施,以期有助于缓解我国目前土地政策因缺乏规范、监控而造成大量土地被非法征用、开发、转让的局面。 相似文献
9.
10.
中国土地利用和土地覆被变化研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
受国际社会影响,中国加强了土地利用/覆盖变化研究的进程,在众多领域取得了瞩目的成就,主要包括动态监测、遥感分类和制图、LUCC驱动力和区域LUCC模型、环境效应等方面,但中国LUCC研究也存在很多突出的问题,包括跨学科、时空尺度、理论体系完善、研究方法、与全球和区域环境变化及可持续发展之间的关系等。为促进中国土地利用/覆盖变化研究的持续、健康发展,提出对中国LUCC研究的建议和展望包括建立LUCC理论体系,深入掌握LUCC动态研究的手段和方法,形成与中国国情密切结合的土地利用和覆被变化综合模型,转变研究重点,更加清晰地认识和把握LUCC有关的可持续发展问题,加强土地利用变化与生态安全机制的研究等。 相似文献
11.
12.
The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Land Degradation Dynamics: A Mediterranean Case Study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In the last decades, due to climate changes, soil deterioration, and Land Use/Land Cover Changes (LULCCs), land degradation risk has become one of the most important ecological issues at the global level. Land degradation involves two interlocking systems: the natural ecosystem and the socio-economic system. The complexity of land degradation processes should be addressed using a multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess diachronically land degradation dynamics under changing land covers. This paper analyzes LULCCs and the parallel increase in the level of land sensitivity to degradation along the coastal belt of Sardinia (Italy), a typical Mediterranean region where human pressure affects the landscape characteristics through fires, intensive agricultural practices, land abandonment, urban sprawl, and tourism concentration. Results reveal that two factors mainly affect the level of land sensitivity to degradation in the study area: (i) land abandonment and (ii) unsustainable use of rural and peri-urban areas. Taken together, these factors represent the primary cause of the LULCCs observed in coastal Sardinia. By linking the structural features of the Mediterranean landscape with its functional land degradation dynamics over time, these results contribute to orienting policies for sustainable land management in Mediterranean coastal areas. 相似文献
13.
土地开发整理项目中的权属调整研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
土地开发整理是在我国现阶段土地资源日益稀缺的严峻情况下,国家为了缓和经济与土地之间的矛盾提出的,目的是实现土地的可持续利用.在此背景下,土地开发整理类型越来越多样化和复杂化,随之带来的土地权属问题日益突出.在对土地开发整理权属问题的本质认识基础上,阐述了权属争议问题的类型,提出了土地开发整理中权属调整的工作措施和技术方案,以及规范化、科学化土地开发整理权属调整的建议. 相似文献
14.
本文在论述土地使用权出让和土地利用总体规划内涵的基础上,研究了两者作用和反作用的关系,提出了两者最终目标一致性的观点,并探讨了实践上相关的问题。 相似文献
15.
RBF网络在土地资源评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以农地分级标准作为基础样本,构建了径向基网络模型,并利用该网络进行了实际评价。结果表明:RBF网络计算精度高,简便有效,可操作性强,具有极快的收敛速度和分类能力,与其它方法比较,不需要烦琐的计算过程,节约了大量计算时间,并且RBF网络具有良好的泛化能力,适用性广,在土地资源评价中具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Gerald G. Marten 《Resources Policy》1982,8(1):65-74
Land availability is a key consideration for evaluating the potential of biomass energy. This depends not only on how much land is physically suitable for growing the biomass crop, but also on the environmental implications of an energy farm and the extent to which land can be freed from competing uses. Energy planning should include inventories to realistically assess the amount of land potentially available for biomass production and the trade-offs involved in using such land for biomass farms. 相似文献
19.
L. C. Stringer L. Fleskens M. S. Reed J. de Vente M. Zengin 《Environmental management》2014,54(5):1022-1042
Examples of sustainable land management (SLM) exist throughout the world. In many cases, SLM has largely evolved through local traditional practices and incremental experimentation rather than being adopted on the basis of scientific evidence. This means that SLM technologies are often only adopted across small areas. The DESIRE (DESertIfication mitigation and REmediation of degraded land) project combined local traditional knowledge on SLM with empirical evaluation of SLM technologies. The purpose of this was to evaluate and select options for dissemination in 16 sites across 12 countries. It involved (i) an initial workshop to evaluate stakeholder priorities (reported elsewhere), (ii) field trials/empirical modeling, and then, (iii) further stakeholder evaluation workshops. This paper focuses on workshops in which stakeholders evaluated the performance of SLM technologies based on the scientific monitoring and modeling results from 15 study sites. It analyses workshop outcomes to evaluate how scientific results affected stakeholders’ perceptions of local SLM technologies. It also assessed the potential of this participatory approach in facilitating wider acceptance and implementation of SLM. In several sites, stakeholder preferences for SLM technologies changed as a consequence of empirical measurements and modeling assessments of each technology. Two workshop examples are presented in depth to: (a) explore the scientific results that triggered stakeholders to change their views; and (b) discuss stakeholders’ suggestions on how the adoption of SLM technologies could be up-scaled. The overall multi-stakeholder participatory approach taken is then evaluated. It is concluded that to facilitate broad-scale adoption of SLM technologies, de-contextualized, scientific generalisations must be given local context; scientific findings must be viewed alongside traditional beliefs and both scrutinized with equal rigor; and the knowledge of all kinds of experts must be recognised and considered in decision-making about SLM, whether it has been formally codified or not. The approach presented in this paper provided this opportunity and received positive feedback from stakeholders. 相似文献
20.
Implications of Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Buffer Zone of a National Park in the Tropical Andes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The impacts of land use and land cover (LULC) change in buffer zones surrounding protected ecological reserves have important
implications for the management and conservation of these protected areas. This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns
of LULC change along the boundary of Rio Abiseo National Park in the Northern Peruvian Andes. Landscape change within four
ecological zones was evaluated based on trends expected to occur between 1987 and 2001. Landsat TM and ETM imagery were used
to produce LULC classification maps for both years using a hybrid supervised/unsupervised approach. LULC changes were measured
using landscape metrics and from-to change maps created by post-classification change detection. Contrary to expectations,
tropical upper wet montane forest increased despite being threatened by human-induced fires and cattle grazing of the highland
grasslands inside the park. Within the park’s buffer zone, tropical moist forest remnants were fragmented into more numerous
and smaller patches between 1987 and 2001; this was in part due to conversion into agricultural land. The methods used in
this study provide an effective way to monitor LULC change detection and support the management of protected areas and their
surrounding environments. 相似文献