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1.
通常的硫化物分析预处理是利用吹氮气(载气)进行的,但由于硫化氢极易挥发,在这种正压装置中容易产生泄漏,造成分析结果偏低。为了解决这个问题,本实验把整套预处理装置改为负压,由吹气改为抽气,减少预处理过程中硫化氢的泄漏。实验回收率达96%以上,效果较好。 相似文献
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对4种主要炼油装置中硫化氢的分布进行了介绍,分析了装置中涉及硫化氢的腐蚀形态,主要的硫化氢腐蚀危害部位以及腐蚀危害,提出了防范硫化氢泄漏事故的措施. 相似文献
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根据<水和废水监测分析方法>(第三版)中规定的污水中硫化物分析的预处理方法,水样中加1 1的磷酸10ml酸化水样,使水样中的硫化物转变成硫化氢气体,利用高纯氮气,控制好载气流速将硫化氢气体吹出,用乙酸锌-乙酸钠溶液吸收,吹气的时间为45min.同时采用65~80℃的水浴温度加热烧瓶,提高污水中硫化氢的回收率.我们通过平时的对比实验发现,该测定方法时间长,而且存在较大的误差,回收率偏低,影响了实验的速度和测定结果的准确性.为此,针对以上情况,我们对该实验方法进行了改进.实验证明该方法具有准确度高,精密度好,测定周期短等优点,完全能满足污水中硫化物监测的需要. 相似文献
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本刊讯 内蒙古创台区环境监测中心站组织有关科技人员经过 2年时间研制出适合于基层环境监测站使用的亚甲基篮分光光度法测水中硫化物的预处理装置。该科技成果是由内蒙古科技厅 2 0 0 0年组织鉴定的。《内蒙古的台区水质硫化物的测定亚甲基蓝分光光度法》DB1 5/T343- 2 0 0 0标准 ,被确定为地方标准 ;在全区推广使用。该装置不含水浴加热和冷凝管装置 ,将加酸、通入氮气和吹出硫化氢的管路简化 ,实验操作简便 ,节约实验用水 ,减少实验误差 ,各项分析指标达到了有关要求 ,该项研究工作“达到了国内领先水平”。专家“建议在内蒙古及全国… 相似文献
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吴红 《安全.健康和环境》2018,18(2):25-27,56
绘出煤气化生产装置的硫元素平衡图,分析了硫化氢易中毒环节,提出防硫化氢泄漏、中毒的措施,为同行业防止硫化氢泄漏及中毒提供借鉴。 相似文献
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采用风险预测模型SEVEX,在各种不利气象条件下,对硫磺回收装置酸性气管线泄漏的硫化氢的扩散情况进行了模拟分析.结果表明:风险影响区域不仅与硫化氢泄漏的源强有关,而且与事故状态下的气象条件密切相关,在风速大、不稳定的气象条件下,硫化氢泄漏形成的高浓度区多分布在事故源的近距离处;而在静小风、稳定的气象条件下,高浓度区分布范围较大.据此,可以制定应急计划和撤离方案,减轻事故带来的不良影响. 相似文献
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针对厂区的含硫化氢酸性水泄漏设计了一套应急处置装置,以氢氧化钠溶液为吸收剂,采用Aspen Plus标准大型通用流程模拟软件对受限空间内硫化氢洗消装置的洗消过程进行模拟,分别考察液气比、操作气速、硫化氢进口浓度、洗消液浓度、填料比表面积等因素对硫化氢脱除效率的影响。结果表明:综合考虑洗消效果、功率消耗等,所设计的硫化氢洗消装置液气比宜选择为6~7L/m3、进气量为300Nm3、硫化氢入口浓度不大于2 000ppm、洗消液质量分数不大于4%、填料比表面积在350m2/m3以上,在此优化条件下,硫化氢的出口浓度可降低到满足30ppm的应急排放标准要求。该研究可为酸性水泄漏应急处置装置的设计与优化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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李云峰 《安全.健康和环境》2004,4(10):33-34
齐鲁石化公司第二化肥厂甲醇装置采用减压渣油为原料,与氧气、蒸汽发生不完全氧化反应,以制取合成甲醇的原料气.由于原料渣油中含有硫,在反应中硫生成硫化氢,硫化氢在后序工号中作为毒物被脱除.硫化氢腐蚀性很强,易腐蚀设备,一旦硫化氢气体泄漏出来,将造成严重的硫化氢中毒事故. 相似文献
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邵海勇 《安全.健康和环境》2015,15(7):16-19
结合硫化氢的特性,采用国外安全计算软件phast模拟分析硫化氢泄漏扩散影响范围,为项目的平面布置提供数据,指导装置布局,同时依据卫生法规设计气体防护站,配备必要的防毒设施,对防护范围内有毒、蜜息性突发事件进行应急救援、日常监护,减少中毒事故伤亡人数. 相似文献
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对工业废水自动监测系统中的样品水预处理方法进行了研究探索。选用了多级滤网过滤的新方法代替了传统的单滤网过滤方法,并就虑网过滤的预处理方法对样品水的水质影响作了定量的研究。 相似文献
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含镉废水处理的试验研究 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
本文对含镉废水的治理进行了不同处理法的研究探讨。结果表明,硫化物──聚合硫酸铁沉定法、铁氧体法操作简单、效果理想,具有较好的应用前景。本研究优先推荐硫化物──聚合硫酸铁沉淀法,该法的条件易于控制、pH值适应范围大,除镉效果好,并能同时去除其它重金属离子。镉去除率达99.6%以上,铜和锌的去除率达99.4%以上。 相似文献
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The effect of different ambient sulphide concentrations on the internal pH regime of Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor was studied under in vivo conditions using liquid membrane pH microelectrodes, a method which is new to marine sciences.
As a case study, the hypothesis was tested whether organisms exposed to ambient sulphidic conditions are able to lower their
internal pH which, in effect, would reduce sulphide influx into the animals and thus could represent an effective detoxification
mechanism. It was shown that a significant lowering of the internal pH occurred within only 20 min after adding sulphide.
This pH lowering appeared to be dependent on the external sulphide concentration of the ambient medium and showed a saturation
beyond a threshold level of about 130 μM. It is discussed whether this sulphide-induced pH drop is an active regulatory mechanism
and acts as an effective protection mechanism against sulphide during short-term exposures.
Received: 1 June 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 3 May 2000 相似文献
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高压M废水生化处理中硫化物测定方法的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高压M废水成分较复杂,如何准确测定其中硫化物的含量,是考查高压M废水处理好坏的关键问题.本论文分析了测量误差产生的原因,选择了能使测量值趋于准确的新型预处理沉淀剂,并根据水中硫化物含量的不同,选用不同的测量方法,达到减少杂质干扰、准确分析、降低误差的目的. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2003,11(1):79-90
Beam house processes1 in leather processing are known for their uncleanness. More than 60% of the total pollution is emerging from the liming–reliming processes. The use of lime and sodium sulphide is purely empirical without quantification. Lime has a potential to drive swelling in a gradual manner due to its low solubility; however, the use of lime is currently creating a lot of environmental concern. Huge amounts of lime sludge and total solids formation are the main drawbacks of lime. Sulphide plays a detrimental role in effluent treatment plants. This is mainly due to the application of lime, sulphide, water and other chemicals without any rationalization. An approach has been made to apply the beam-house chemicals with optimal requirement. This is based on the fact that swelling requires only 20 to 40% water (based on raw skin weight before soaking) for conventional opening up. This would, in principle, make possible the use of only one tenth of the chemicals conventionally used in liming–reliming processes maintaining the same concentration gradient. The process employs 40% water, 0.35% sodium sulphide and 1% lime for liming and 40% water and 1% lime for reliming, with conventional process time in a drum. Commercial post-reliming processes and operations were adopted. A control experiment was run parallel using conventional liming–reliming processes. It has been found that the dehairing is complete and the extent of opening up of fibre bundles is comparable to that of the control. This has been substantiated through scanning electron microscopic, stratigraphic chrome distribution analysis and softness measurements. Performance of the leathers is shown to be on par with conventionally opened up leathers through physical and hand evaluation. Especially, softness of the leathers is numerically proven to be comparable with that of control. The process also enjoys reduction in chemical oxygen demand and total solids load on environment by 85 and 12%, respectively compared to the conventional process. The total dry sludge from the liming–reliming processes is brought down from 152 to 6 kg for processing 1 ton of raw skins, which has been demonstrated for the first time. 相似文献
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为克服陶瓷微滤膜净化微污染水体时产水量不高、通量衰减迅速的难题,采用磁絮凝预处理工艺延缓陶瓷膜的污染。对比了磁絮凝预处理与传统絮凝预处理对陶瓷微滤膜膜污染的影响,结果显示:磁絮凝预处理后陶瓷膜的稳定产水量高于传统絮凝预处理,验证了磁絮凝预处理工艺延缓膜污染的可行性。同时,研究了跨膜压差和膜面流速对2种组合工艺膜通量的影响,结果表明:随着跨膜压差和膜面流速的增加,膜通量均提高但增幅逐渐放缓,其优化运行参数如下:跨膜压差为0.20 MPa,膜面流速为2.0 m/s。 相似文献