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生物浸取电解锰渣中锰的研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
为了评价生物法浸取电解锰渣中锰的可行性,利用锰渣土壤中筛选出的2种锰抗性强的微生物Serratia sp.和Fusarium sp.浸取电解锰渣中的锰,并采用优化的BCR(European Community Bureau of Reference)连续萃取方案对浸取前后的金属锰进行形态分析,研究其浸出率和浸取前后锰的形态变化特征。同时考察了3种萃取剂EDTA、HNO3和CaCl2对锰的萃取效率及萃取后金属锰的形态变化。研究结果表明,Serratia sp.和Fusarium sp.对锰都表现出一定的浸取能力,Fusarium sp.的浸取能力尤为显著,3 d后锰浸出率达到56.5%,为锰污染的微生物治理和资源化利用提供科学依据。3种萃取剂对锰的浸取效果为EDTA>HNO3>CaCl2,平均萃取效率依次为50.0%、28.8%和21.2%。浸取前后,酸溶解态锰所占比例变化较显著,说明酸溶解态锰是比较容易浸取的形态。 相似文献
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电解锰渣无害化处理技术简 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
电解锰渣是湿法电解金属锰工艺产生的废渣,环境危害性大、治理难度大。为消除锰渣的污染性,实验研究了锰渣浸出液中污染物种类,并分别采用生石灰和氢氧化钠作处理剂,从成本、处理效果方面进行比较,确定处理剂以及最佳运行条件。得出结论:锰渣中主要污染物为锰和氨氮(分别超过相关标准453倍和26倍),选取生石灰做处理剂,处理后的锰渣,浸出液中锰离子和氨氮的减排量分别达到99%和97%以上,水溶性锰离子浓度低于5 mg/L、氨氮浓度低于25 mg/L,均达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的排放标准;反应时间30 h以上、避免雨淋、不通风、无日照为最佳反应条件。 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2017,(3)
电解锰渣是湿法冶炼金属锰的残渣,为降低其对环境的浸出毒性影响并提高其在水泥产品中的掺入量,利用碱激发技术处理电解锰渣制备水泥掺合料是一种可行的方法。主要研究了碱激发剂种类、掺量对电解锰渣的激发效果,并将碱激发电解锰渣用作水泥掺合料与水泥按不同比例混合研究对水泥抗压强度和浸出毒性的影响。结果表明:碱激发电解锰渣活性显著提高,NaOH中Na_2O当量为10%时试件M-SH10的3、7、28 d抗压强度最高,分别为7.15、9.46、10.03 MPa;将此条件下激发的电解锰渣按质量比取15%与85%的水泥混合制得的掺合料其抗压强度较净水泥试件有一定程度的提高;浸出毒性结果显示Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Mn和Zn浓度均下降,且低于GB 8978-1996限值。 相似文献
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锰渣堆肥过程中理化性质及基于Tessier法的重金属行为分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《环境工程学报》2017,(10)
通过堆肥发酵,研究了电解锰渣、废糖蜜和甘蔗渣在一定配比下添加活性污泥、猪粪水、城市河湖污泥、树林腐土、生物菌剂以及不添加微生物来源物对废渣中重金属化学形态和理化特性的影响。堆肥处理30 d监控其物理特性,采用ICP法分析了6种重金属元素总量,并利用Tessier五步连续浸取法对堆肥前后做重金属的形态分析。结果表明:堆肥过程中系统温度均高于环境温度;6种条件下,堆肥体系的pH值均得到了显著提高;堆肥可以降低电解锰渣态中重金属的生物有效性。堆肥处理有利于降低电解锰渣利用中重金属污染的风险。 相似文献
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电解锰渣的综合利用进展与研究展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
电解锰渣是电解金属锰时产生的酸性滤渣,含有大量有害物质。随着电解锰行业的快速发展,大量堆放填埋的电解锰渣引发了严重的水土、生态环境污染问题,对锰渣的无害化处理与资源化利用已成为电解锰行业和环保领域的研究热点。在电解锰渣特性的分析基础上,对国内外电解锰渣的综合利用进展(如锰离子回收、肥料制作和建筑材料应用)进行了回顾,分析了锰渣各种资源化利用方法的优缺点。最后,展望了电解锰渣的研究与应用前景,旨在为锰矿资源的可持续性开发与电解锰渣的综合回收利用提供参考。 相似文献
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电解锰渣无害化处理技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
电解锰渣是湿法电解金属锰工艺产生的废渣,环境危害性大、治理难度大。为消除锰渣的污染性,实验研究了锰渣浸出液中污染物种类,并分别采用生石灰和氢氧化钠作处理剂,从成本、处理效果方面进行比较,确定处理剂以及最佳运行条件。得出结论:锰渣中主要污染物为锰和氨氮(分别超过相关标准453倍和26倍),选取生石灰做处理剂,处理后的锰渣,浸出液中锰离子和氨氮的减排量分别达到99%和97%以上,水溶性锰离子浓度低于5 mg/L、氨氮浓度低于25 mg/L,均达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的排放标准;反应时间30 h以上、避免雨淋、不通风、无日照为最佳反应条件。 相似文献
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为考察较低温度(<17℃)条件下添加微量金属元素对厌氧发酵产气量的影响,在发酵底物TS(含固率)为10%下采用10 L玻璃瓶作反应器,以牛粪为原料,向厌氧生物反应器中分别添加MnSO4、FeSO4·7H2O、电解锰渣,分析了厌氧消化系统运行过程中的产气量、COD(化学需氧量)和pH的变化。结果表明,锰元素能促进低温下牛粪的厌氧发酵,加速反应启动。当添加6 g MnSO4、100 g电解锰渣时,单位质量VS产气率分别为0.26 mL/g和0.64 mL/g,添加6 g FeSO4·7H2O与空白对照组均未见明显产气。 相似文献
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实验定量研究了存在Ca2+、Mg2+和Fe3+时,应用高碘酸钾分光光度法测定Mn2+的准确性,旨在探讨应用该方法准确测定电解锰渣中Mn(Ⅱ)的可行性。结果发现Ca2+浓度超过320 mg/L时,测定过程中会产生大量絮状乳白色沉淀,对Mn2+的测定结果产生干扰。经过16 h的自然沉降,干扰被彻底消除。Mg2+在浓度为0~192 mg/L范围内对Mn2+浓度的测定不产生干扰。同时,Fe3+的存在对Mn2+浓度的测定产生灵敏的干扰,使用掩蔽剂氟化钾可以减少Fe3+的干扰,但却不能彻底消除Fe3+的干扰。提出了在电解锰行业中,没有彻底地消除Ca(Ⅱ)或Fe(Ⅲ)的干扰因素前,需要更为精确地测定Mn(Ⅱ)的浓度,不建议使用高碘酸钾分光光度法。 相似文献
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Lv Ying Li Jia Chen Zhenxing Ye Hengpeng Du Dongyun Shao Li Ma Mengyu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(2):1491-1501
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A strain of silicon-activating bacteria was isolated from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR); identified as a species of Ochrobactrum by integrated... 相似文献
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Lv Ying Li Jia Chen Zhenxing Liu Xingyu Chen Bowei Zhang Mingjiang Ke Xuan Zhang Tian C. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(58):87393-87401
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As a kind of solid waste with a high silicon content, electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) can be utilized as silicon source by plants through... 相似文献
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Gupta VK 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(4):315-325
Wilt is a serious disease of the guava crop in India. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii and F. solani have been reported as causative agents of this disease. In this study, 42 isolates each of F. oxysporum f. sp. psidii and F. solani, were isolated from guava cultivars and characterized by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Thirty RAPD primers were tested in the genome of Fusarium spp. and the number of scorable bands for corresponding primer ranged from 1-8 with an average of 5 bands per individual. DNA band size ranged from 200 bp to 5090 bp. A 0.21 per cent polymorphism was found in individual isolates of F. solani indicating that the 42 isolates were similar. However, a 2.58 percent polymorphism among individual isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. psidii showed a higher level of genetic diversity. Cluster analysis of the RAPD band patterns clearly separated the isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. psidii into three clusters. Two clusters were formed with F. solani isolates, showing a higher degree of similarity. Unique fingerprint profiles generated by the PCR-RAPD can be exploited for genetic characterization purposes. 相似文献
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A multiresidue solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for the isolation and subsequent gas chromatographic determination of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in low-moisture, nonfatty products is described. Residues are extracted from samples with an acetonitrile/water mixture. Cleanup of the extract is performed using graphitized carbon black and anion exchange SPE columns, and analysis is performed by gas chromatography with Hall electrolytic conductivity and flame photometric detection. Recovery data was obtained by fortifying corn, oats and wheat with pesticides. The average recoveries were 79-123% for eight organochlorine and 51-122% for 28 organophosphorus pesticide residues. The limit of quantitation for chlorpyriphos was 0.05 ppm using the Hall electrolytic conductivity detector and < 0.005 ppm using the flame photometric detector. 相似文献
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M N Tzatzarakis A M Tsatsakis E Charvalos D Vakalounakis 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2001,36(3):331-340
The inhibitory activity of amphotericin B, clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole and nystatin was compared against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum. The most efficient antifungal agent against the growth of Fusarium oxysporum was econazole, followed by clotrimazole, miconazole, amphotericin and nystatin. The ED50 and ED90 values were 0.053 and 1.002 ppm for econazole, 0.088 and 1.100 ppm for clotrimazole, 0.173 and 3.210 ppm for miconazole, 0.713 and greater than 48 ppm for amphotericin and 3.860 and 16.702 ppm for nystatin. The ED50 values of nystatin and amphotericin against spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum were determined at 3.1427 ppm and 8.3990 ppm respectively, nystatin was 2.76 times more effective than amphotericin, while no effect was observed after the addition of econazole, clotrimazole and miconazole. The tested azoles were more effective than amphotericin and nystatin on growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum but amphotericin and nystatin acted significantly better on spore germination of Fusarium. 相似文献