Removal characteristics of CO2 using aqueous MEA/AMP solutions in the absorption and regeneration process

The carbon dioxide (CO2) removal efficiency, reaction rate, and CO2 loading into aqueous blended monoethanolamine (MEA) + 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solutions to enhance absorption characteristics of MEA and AMP were carried out by the absorption/regeneration process. As a result, compared to aqueous MEA and AMP solutions, aqueous blended MEA+AMP solutions have a higher CO2 loading than MEA and a higher reaction rate than AMP. The CO2 loading of rich amine of aqueous 18 wt.% MEA+12 wt.% AMP solution was 0.62 mol CO2/mol amine, which is 51.2% more than 30 wt.% MEA (0.41 mol CO2/mol amine). Consequently, blending MEA and AMP could be an effective way to design cousidering economical efficiency and used to operate absorber for a long time.     

碳酸钾-三乙烯四胺复合溶液吸收模拟烟气中CO_2试验研究

本菲尔溶液在工业脱除二氧化碳中已获得较广泛的应用,但存在吸收速率差、再生负荷高等缺点。开发新型复合溶液成为目前研究热点。采用搅拌实验装置,研究不同配比的碳酸钾-TETA复合溶液对烟道气中二氧化碳的吸收和解吸性能,揭示了吸收速率、吸收容量与酸碱度、时间之间的内在联系,并对CO2从复合溶液中初始逸出温度、溶液再生温度、溶液再生率、再生前后溶液pH下降率进行了细致记录分析。实验结果表明:碳酸钾-TETA复合溶液配比为0.6∶0.4时吸收效果最佳,吸收量约为0.914mol/L;同时再生温度最低,为106℃;再生率最高,为96.7%。与相同配比的碳酸钾-MEA(一乙醇胺)、碳酸钾-DEA(二乙醇胺)、碳酸钾-DETA(二乙烯三胺)复合溶液相比具有一定再生优势。实验结果还表明碳酸钾-TETA复合体系之间存在正交互作用。     

CO_2在哌嗪水溶液中的吸收和再生特性研究

利用压力釜在100⁵00 kPa 压力和303500 kPa 压力和303³23K温度下,研究了 2.0323K温度下,研究了 2.0 4.9的哌嗪水溶液对二氧化碳的平衡吸收量,测试了温度和浓度对平衡吸收量的影响。co2的平衡吸收量随着浓度的增加而增加。313 K的操作温度既能保证较高的吸收量,又能保证较快的吸收速率,因此是合适的操作温度。对3.5M的PZ水溶液,在温度为368 4.9的哌嗪水溶液对二氧化碳的平衡吸收量,测试了温度和浓度对平衡吸收量的影响。co2的平衡吸收量随着浓度的增加而增加。313 K的操作温度既能保证较高的吸收量,又能保证较快的吸收速率,因此是合适的操作温度。对3.5M的PZ水溶液,在温度为368³83K的条件下进行再生。温度为368 K时,再生效率为82.13%,再生过程需 55 min,而升温至383 K后再生效率大幅提升至 95.98%,再生时间迅速降为41 min。考虑到再生的时间、效率及能耗等因素,在 378 K下进行再生相对适宜。在373K 的操作温度下进行多次再生实验,PZ 水溶液经过10个周期的实验后9.76%,吸收容量与新鲜溶液相比只损失了并且只降低了1.0个pH,这也说明,PZ水溶液再生效率及连续再生能力较为突出。     

自然型氨基酸及其钾盐的 CO2吸收和再生特性

在CO2吸收过程中,选择具有不挥发和不发生氧化降解特性的氨基酸盐吸收剂有助于降低吸收剂损失和减轻环境污染风险,故本研究以CO2吸收速率和再生速率为指标,对L-精氨酸和精氨酸钾（PA）吸收剂的CO2吸收性能和常压下热再生性能进行了实验分析,并研究了吸收剂质量分数、反应温度及吸收-再生循环次数对CO2吸收特性的影响,同时还与乙醇胺（MEA）、二乙醇胺（DEA）和三乙醇胺（TEA）进行了对比分析.结果表明,在实验的质量分数范围内,PA具有最高的CO2吸收速率和吸收能力,分别为24.5×10-3mol.（L.min）-1和1.99 mol.mol-1,比相同质量分数的MEA高2.1%和290.2%.温度影响结果表明,40℃时PA和MEA的CO2吸收速率均高于其他实验温度.相同再生条件下,PA的贫液CO2负荷要略高于MEA,但PA的再生程度可达72.8%,比MEA高19%.同时,3次＂吸收-再生＂循环之后,10%PA的CO2吸收能力仍可保持在1.03mol.mol-1,比10%MEA高255.2%.实验结果也表明,L-精氨酸具有较强的CO2吸收能力,其CO2吸收速率与同质量分数的DEA可比.     

吸收CO2新型混合化学吸收剂的研究

以吸收剂吸收速率和再生程度为指标,在小型实验装置台上研究了3种混合吸收剂不同配比的吸收和再生特性,以确定其吸收剂主体和添加剂的合适配比.结果表明,在甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)中添加哌嗪(PZ),当混合吸收液CO2负荷为0.2 mol·mol-1时,MDEA∶PZ=1∶0.4(m∶m)混合液CO2吸收速率比MDEA∶PZ=1∶0.2(m∶m)混合液提高了约70%.再生40 min,PZ 相对浓度为0的吸收液再生程度为91.04%,PZ相对浓度为0.2、0.4和0.8时,混合吸收液的再生程度分别降低为83.06%、77.77%和76.67%.综合比较,MDEA∶PZ=1∶0.4(m∶m)是该混合吸收液合适的配比,吸收速率和再生特性都有较好改善.在10%一级胺中添加2%三级胺既能保持高吸收效率,又能略微降低再生能耗.在10%二乙醇胺(DEA)中加入2%2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇(AMP),混合液表现出DEA/AMP混合吸收剂中较好的吸收和再生特性.3种配方中,在一级胺中添加少量三级胺吸收速率最高,二级胺和少量空间位阻胺混合吸收剂的再生性能最好.而综合吸收和再生2个指标,三级胺和中量活化剂的混合液有优势.     

位阻胺混合甘氨酸盐溶液吸收CO2的研究

在双搅拌反应釜中研究了位阻胺2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇(AMP)与甘氨酸钠(SG)混合溶液吸收CO2的性能.实验温度293~313K,混合溶液的浓度为AMP(1.5kmol/m3)+SG (0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8kmol/m3),SG浓度每增加0.2kmol/m3,200min内的平均吸收速率分别提高11.47%,10.07%,9.18%和5.33%.与AMP单一溶液相比,混合溶液在200 min时的吸收容量增加了11.5%~41.1%.在293~313K,吸收速率随温度上升而提高.使用加热的方法进行再生实验,得到1.5 kmol/m3 AMP + 0.6 kmol/m3 SG混合液的最适再生温度为378K.AMP + SG混合溶液的再生效率高于单一SG溶液及AMP + MEA/DEA混合溶液.     

再生条件对钾基CO_2吸附剂吸附性能的影响

通过固定床实验研究了再生条件对钾基CO2吸附剂吸附性能的影响。深入分析了再生温度和气氛对吸附穿透时间和饱和吸附量的影响。研究发现,当再生温度为200℃,N2气氛下再生时效果最佳,在此条件下再生后钾基CO2吸附剂循环性能良好,10次循环后仍然能有很好的吸附效果;再生气氛中有H2O或CO2时会影响再生反应的进行,不利于吸附剂的再生。     

Absorption characteristics of new solvent based on a blend of AMP and 1,8-diamino-p-menthane for CO2 absorption

Aqueous 1,8-diamino-p-menthane (KIER-C3) and commercially available amine solutions were tested for CO₂ absorption. A 2-amino- 2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solution with an addition of KIER-C3 showed 9.3% and 31.6% higher absorption rate for CO₂ than the AMP solution with an addition of monoethanolamine (MEA) and ammonia (NH₃), respectively. The reaction rate constant for CO₂ absorption by the AMP/KIER-C3 solution was determined by the following equation: k_2,AMP/C3 = 7.702×10⁶ exp (-2248.03/T). A CO₂ loading ratio of the AMP/KIER-C3 solution was also 2 and 3.4-times higher than that of the AMP/NH3 solution and the AMP/MEA solution, respectively. Based on the experimental results, KIER-C3 may be used as an excellent additive to increase CO₂ absorption capability of AMP.     

有机胺对CO2吸收解吸的研究

利用常压搅拌吸收-解吸装置,在不同温度和浓度条件下,对MEA(乙醇胺)、DEA(二乙醇胺)、MDEA(N-甲基二乙醇胺)、TETA(三乙烯四胺)、DETA(二乙烯三胺)5种有机胺吸收解吸CO2进行研究.探讨了反应温度、吸收液浓度、有机胺种类对CO2吸收和解吸过程的影响规律,并利用正交试验法筛选出性能较好的混合胺复配剂.结果表明,当TETA/DEA=5:1,吸收温度为318K,解吸温度为388K时,混合胺具有较优的吸收解吸综合性能.     

混合有机胺吸收烟道气中CO2的交互作用机理

 采用双搅拌釜吸收反应器,对一乙醇胺(MEA)和N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)混合有机胺水溶液吸收模拟烟道气中CO₂进行机理研究.结果表明,此混胺体系吸收效果显著;比较实验测定和双膜简化理论计算的反应增强因子E值符合程度;建立能表征混合有机胺吸收CO₂时发生化学反应交互作用的机理模型,提出相关系数.对总胺浓度2.0mol/L,MEA初始浓度在0.3～0.5mol/L混胺溶液而言,可用吸收负荷L函数表示: = (L) = 0.12+0.35e^-L/0.026     

膜接触器分离混合气中二氧化碳的研究

研究了聚丙烯纤维微孔膜(HFPPM)膜接触器分离CO₂/N₂混合气中CO₂技术,考察了吸收剂的种类、HFPPM的透气率和流程等因素对CO₂分离效率的影响.结果表明,液相中传质在分离过程中占主导作用;3种吸收剂的性能依次为单乙醇胺(MEA)＞NaOH＞二乙醇胺(DEA)以浓度2.5 mol·L^-1、流速40～160 L·h^-1的MEA水溶液处理浓度20%、流速0.5～1.0 m³·h^-1的CO₂/N₂混合气时,CO₂的脱除率为95%～99.5%,CO₂的传质系数为4.5～6.8×10^-4m·s^-1;透气率大的膜组件传质系数大,腔流程中CO₂的脱除率比壳流程高30%以上.     

树脂基固态胺吸附材料的选择性CO2吸附性能

基于简单的湿浸渍法将聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)有效负载到多孔树脂(HP20)中,制备获得树脂基固态胺吸附材料,并探究了PEI负载量(30%~60%)、吸附温度(30~90℃)和压力(2~100kPa)对材料CO₂吸附性能的影响.研究表明树脂基固态胺吸附材料的最佳PEI负载量为50%,过量的PEI会致使材料CO₂吸附容量和胺基利用效率的显著降低.所筛选的材料在较低或较高的CO₂分压范围内均能展现出优异的CO₂吸附性能,在30℃下的CO₂吸附容量达到3.06~3.78mmol/g,表明该材料在不同CO₂分压的多种碳捕集应用中均有着较好的适用性.此外,树脂基固态胺吸附材料的CO₂/CH₄和CO₂/N₂选择性在2~100kPa的压力范围内分别有262~5858和708~11551,在各类传统或新兴的固体吸附材料中处于较高水平.     

A pilot-scale jet bubbling reactor for wet flue gas desulfurization with pyrolusite

IntroductionIt is a main issue for the environmental protection toreduce SO2emissionfrompower plants in China .Inthe past10 years ,manyflue gas desulfurization(FGD) processes wereavailable for the reduction of SO2emission. The wet FGDprocesses, especially…     

Capture and separation of CO2 from flue gas by coupling free and immobilized amines

A novel system was proposed for the capture and separation of CO2 from flue gas. In this method, a resin was employed to regenerate the amine capturing CO2 from flue gas at room temperature. The feasibility for the resin to regenerate amines such as MEA, MAE, TEA, and ammonia was demonstrated. It was also discovered that the resin could be regenerated by hot water.     

屋顶绿化二氧化碳减排效益的研究

屋顶绿化不仅能够美化城市环境,而且对城市二氧化碳减排具有一定作用。文章利用自行设计的熏气装置对几种常见屋顶绿化植物进行CO2熏气实验,测定其对CO2的吸收速率和影响因素;实验结果表明,红叶石楠、红继木和石榴等绿化植物对CO2具有显著的吸收能力,其中红叶石楠的吸收速率最高,达7.058 L/(m.2d),绿化植物对CO2的吸收速率受屋面温度影响较大,温度超过34℃时吸收速率快速减小;在实验观测基础上,结合武汉城市区域气候特征、建筑物荷载能力、屋顶绿化可用面积等信息,分析得到武汉市进行规模化屋顶绿化之后,每年可吸收转化CO21.696×106t,相当于一个194 MW火力发电厂一年的CO2排放量,屋顶绿化的发展前景较可观。     

废弃Mg(OH)2/AC焙烧产物对染料吸附性能研究

吸附染料后的废弃Mg(OH)2/AC复合材料经高温焙烧得到MgO/AC复合材料,研究了制备MgO/AC的最佳焙烧条件,采用差热-热重、BET比表面积测定、X射线衍射(XRD)等技术对其进行表征,考察了MgO/AC对弱酸性艳蓝RAWL的吸附及再生性能.结果表明,伪二级动力学和Langmuir模型更适合描述MgO/AC对弱酸性艳蓝RAWL的吸附过程.4次再生后的MgO/AC对弱酸性艳蓝RAWL吸附能力仍可达到新鲜MgO/AC的1.08倍,是新鲜Mg(OH)2/AC吸附能力的2.11倍,为印染废水处理提供了廉价高效的吸附剂.     

Capture of carbon dioxide by amine-impregnated as-synthesized MCM-41

The novel carbon dioxide(CO2) adsorbents with a high capture effciency were prepared through impregnating the as-synthesized MCM-41 with three kinds of amines,namely diethylenetriamine(DETA) ,triethylenetetramine(TETA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol(AMP) .The resultant samples were characterized by small angle X-ray diffraction and low temperature N2 adsorption.The synthesis way not only saves the energy or extractor to remove the template but also is environmentally friendly due to the absence of the potential pollutants such as toluene.CO2 capture was investigated in a dynamic packed column.The sample impregnated by TETA showed the highest adsorption capacity,approximately 2.22 mmol/g at 60°C due to its highest amino-groups content among the three amines.The CO2 adsorption behavior was also investigated with the deactivation model,which showed an excellent prediction for the breakthrough curves.     

Efficient removal of naphthalene-2-ol from aqueous solutions by solvent extraction

Naphthalene-2-ol is a typical biologically recalcitrant pollutant in dye wastewater.Solvent extraction of naphthalene-2-ol from aqueous solutions using mixed solvents was investigated.Various extractants and diluents were evaluated,and the effects of volume ratio of extractant to diluent,initial p H,initial concentration of naphthalene-2-ol in aqueous solution,extraction time,temperature,volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase(O/A),stirring rate and extraction stages,on extraction efficiency were examined separately.Regeneration and reuse of the spent extractant were also investigated.Results showed that tributyl phosphate(TBP) achieved 98% extraction efficiency for naphthalene-2-ol in a single stage extraction,the highest among the 12 extractants evaluated.Extraction efficiency was optimized when cyclohexane and n-octane were used as diluents.The solvent combination of 20% TBP,20% n-octanol and 60% cyclohexane(V/V) obtained the maximum extraction efficiency for naphthalene-2-ol,99.3%,within 20 min using three cross-current extraction stages under the following extraction conditions:O/A ratio of 1:1,initial p H of 3,25°C and stirring rate of 150 r/min.Recovery of mixed solvents was achieved by using 15%(W/W) Na OH solution at an O:A ratio of 1:1 and a contact time of 15 min.The mixed solvents achieved an extraction capacity for naphthalene-2-ol stably higher than90% during five cycles after regeneration.     

Characteristic and mercury adsorption of activated carbon produced by CO2 of chicken waste

Preparation of activated carbon from chicken waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Hg removal. A three-stage activation process （drying at 200℃, pyrolysis in N2 atmosphere, followed by CO2 activation） was used for the production of activated samples. The effects of carbonization temperature （409-4500℃）, activation temperature （700-900℃）, and activation time （1-2.5 h） on the physicochemical properties （weight-loss and BET surface） of the prepared carbon wereinvestigated. Adsorptive removal of mercury from real flue gas onto activated carbon has been studied. The activated carbon from chicken waste has the same mercury capacity as commercial activated carbon （Darco LH） （Hg^v： 38.7% vs. 53.5%, Hg^0： 50.5% vs. 68.8%）, although its surface area is around 10 times smaller, 89.5 m^2/g vs. 862 m^2/g. The low cost activated carbon can be produced from chicken waste, and the procedure is suitable.     

纳米二氧化锰的制备及其对Cd~(2+)的吸附研究

采用微乳液还原法,用甲苯还原KMnO4制备了纳米MnO2。采用傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对所制纳米MnO2进行了表征。研究表明:所得纳米MnO2为球型颗粒,其粒径范围为50～70 nm,比表面积大,表面存在大量活性-OH基团,高温煅烧使纳米MnO2从无定型向α晶型转变。以水体中Cd2+为目标污染物,通过吸附实验,研究表明溶液pH、煅烧温度、初始浓度对吸附效果有显著影响。pH=6时,300℃煅烧的MnO2吸附Cd2+效果较好,去除率达99.36%。,符合Langmuir模型。