焦化废水中细菌质粒的研究

细菌质粒中常带有一些可编码降解特殊有毒物质酶的基因,为了研究质粒对有毒物质CN^-的降解的意义,主要调查了焦化废水中好氧异养菌的质粒分布特点。从山西省焦化企业公司生化站、太原煤气公司焦化厂生化站中筛选出53株细菌,利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法,采用GDS-8000型凝胶电泳分析仪进行拍照,同时测定各菌株降氰、降酚能力,CN^-采用异烟酸-毗唑啉酮法,酚采用4-氨基安替比林法测定。结果表明,质粒的存在与降氰力有一定的关系,但对降酚力的影响差异不显著。同时,通过对其中11^*号菌株进行了质粒转化和消除实验,证明质粒稳定,不可用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)消除掉,用E．cbli DHI作受体菌,用11^#菌株作供体菌。作转化实验,但由于种种原因,没有筛洗到转化子。     

膜生物膜反应器研究进展

介绍了一种新型的水处理反应器———膜生物膜反应器 ,该反应器可获得 10 0 %氧利用率 ,可用于生物降解挥发性有机物 ,可同时高效去除有机碳和氨氮 ,是一种很有发展潜力的污水处理工艺     

Decreasing the hazardous effect of waste quartz powder and the toxicity of epoxy resin by its synergistic application in industrial coatings

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Quartz powder sourced from industrial wastes is very hazardous. It is because it contains large amounts of fine particles. Thus, it has the potential...     

Applicability of the sequencing batch reactor for wastewater treatment

The sequencing batch reactor is a viable and flexible tool for the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater. It removes not only carbonaceous matter, but also nitrogenous species and some biological nutrients. From the economic and operational points of view, it has advantages over the so-called conventional activated sludge system. Besides this, it can be used in various wastewater environments without any major problem. This paper explores the relative advantages of the reactor, its technical background, and its application in various fields. Some case studies in which it has been successfully adopted are described.     

Air Pollution Control Expenditures in the Chemical Industry

As industry today analyzes its emissions with more sophisticated sampling and testing techniques, it is finding more often that the problems of gaseous and particulate contaminants occur simultaneously. Current legislation is rapidly becoming more stringent and where a particular industry formerly thought it primarily had a single contaminant problem, it now finds itself faced with the necessity to comply with multiple contaminant emission level requirements. Extensive field experience in a wide diversity of industries has shown that the simultaneous removal of both the gaseous and particulate contaminants can be effectively met by crossflow scrubbers utilizing filamentous-type packings. High efficiency collection can be achieved at low operating cost in a single piece of control equipment with reliable operating results.     

Mining, the environment and the treatment of mine effluents

The environmental impact of mining on the ecosystem, including land, water and air, has become an unavoidable reality. Guidelines and regulations have been promulgated to protect the environment throughout mining activities from start-up to site decommissioning, in particular, the occurrence of acid mine drainage (AMD), due to oxidation of sulfide mineral wastes, has become the major area of concern to many mining industries during operations and after site decommissioning. AMD is characterised by high acidity and a high concentration of sulfates and dissolved metals. If it cannot be prevented or controlled, it must be treated to eliminate acidity, and reduce heavy metals and suspended solids before release to the environment. This paper discusses conventional and new methods used for the treatment of mine effluents, in particular the treatment of AMD.     

Error cascades in the biological sciences: the unwanted consequences of using bad taxonomy in ecology

Why do ecologists seem to underestimate the consequences of using bad taxonomy? Is it because the consequences of doing so have not been yet scrutinized well enough? Is it because these consequences are irrelevant? In this paper I examine and discuss these questions, focusing on the fact that because ecological works provide baseline information for many other biological disciplines, they play a key role in spreading and magnifying the abundance of a variety of conceptual and methodological errors. Although overlooked and underestimated, this cascade-like process originates from trivial taxonomical problems that affect hypotheses and ideas, but it soon shifts into a profound practical problem affecting our knowledge about nature, as well as the ecosystem structure and functioning and the efficiency of human health care programs. In order to improve the intercommunication among disciplines, I propose a set of specific requirements that peer reviewed journals should request from all authors, and I also advocate for urgent institutional and financial support directed at reinvigorating the formation of scientific collections that integrate taxonomy and ecology.     

“Let’s knock off the slogans and concentrate on the work”

In preparing for this address, I went back and read the Presidential Addresses given by the last six presidents. For a while, I toyed with the idea of cutting and pasting bits and pieces out of each, adding a few appendices, having it published in the Journal with ninety days for comment, and calling it an “implementation speech.” But I passed up that opportunity. I did note that Presidential Addresses come in a limited variety of styles. There is the one whose theme is “serving you as President has been a period of great personal satisfaction and pride.” There is the one that refers to all the things that happened in APCA during the year of the term with suggestions for what should happen in the next few years, or the State of the Association speech. There is the speech that deplores and decries something about the Clean Air Act or the way air pollution control is going in the country, or the way it should go. And of course, there is the simple exhortation for us all to pull together and clean up the atmosphere for future generations, the APCA Statesman speech. None of those fit my mood.     

Conservation state of two paintings in the Santa Margherita cliff cave: role of the environment and of the microbial community

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The conservation of ancient paintings sited in humid environments is an actual challenge for restorers, because it needs the knowledge of the...     

COVID-19 pandemic: the possible influence of the long-term ignorance about climate change

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In addressing the current COVID-19 pandemic and evaluating the measures taken by global leaders so far, it is crucial to trace back the circumstances...     

室内甲醛污染治理技术研究

鉴于室内空气甲醛污染的危害,使用市售的"家丁"牌甲醛消除剂,对其去除甲醛性能进行了测试研究.研究结果表明,甲醛消除剂可以快速、有效地消除室内空气中的甲醛,又可以减少室内装修材料中游离甲醛的释放,是治理室内空气甲醛污染的有效手段之一.     

Rethinking the ozone standard

Six properties appear desirable for any set of ozone attainment criteria: (1) sufficient stringency to protect public health, (2) simplicity and understandability, (3) sensitivity to real changes in air quality, (4) stability against meteorological fluctuations, (5) use of as much data as possible, and (6) equivalence between the stringency the criteria appear to mandate, and what they actually mandate. We consider how the federal attainment criteria might be improved with respect to Properties 4 through 6 while being equally strong on 1 through 3. Whether the federal standard meets Property 1 has been the subject of debate, but our analysis would apply also to a modified standard. We show that there are subtleties in how improvements might be made. In particular, basing the attainment status on a statistic with low variance may not lead to a more stable criterion, and although it is easy to find a criterion that makes it hard for a district with bad air to reach attainment, or a district with good air to get out of attainment, it is hard to find a criterion that does both. This suggests using different criteria for districts that are out of attainment from districts that are in attainment. Initially the burden of proof would be on the district to prove that its air is of attainment quality. However, once the district has achieved attainment the burden of proof would shift; the district would remain in attainment unless there was strong evidence to the contrary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

粉煤灰处理煤矿酸性废水的研究

采用石灰石中和沉淀，粉煤灰吸附处理煤矿酸性废水，取得了良好的效果。用石灰石调节pH至4.5，再用石灰中和至中性，并用粉煤灰吸附，粉煤灰用量为10g／L时处理效果较好。     

Integration of the environment in product design by a learning process: proposal for a piloting tool

This paper examines the nature of ecological economics, arguing that it comprises two aspects, the qualitative framework within which it operates and the quantitative techniques which it uses to measure sustainability, evaluate policies and assist decision-making. The former is distinct to ecological economics, whereas the latter is largely shared with environmental economics. Although these have co-existed for some time, it is contended that the qualitative aspect needs to be developed if ecological economics is to realise its potential. The paper first offers a Schumpeterian 'pre-analytic' vision of ecological economics. Ecological economics, it is argued, necessarily implies a fundamental change in the way problems are perceived and in how they should be addressed. Second, the paper discusses the quantitative aspect of ecological economics, arguing that the overlap with environmental economics in the techniques used is one reason why the two have frequently not been seen as sufficiently distinct. The paper concludes that a development of the qualitative, procedural aspect of ecological economics is needed if its full potential for influencing policy-making is to be realised.     

Surface ozone measurements in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula (Huelva,Spain)

Introduction  

Photochemical ozone pollution of the lower troposphere (LT) is a very complex process involving meteorological, topographic emissions and chemical parameters. Ozone is considered the most important air pollutant in rural, suburban and industrial areas of many sites in the world since it strongly affects human health, vegetation and forest ecosystems, and its increase during the last decades has been significant. In addition, ozone is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. For these reasons, it is necessary to carry out investigations that determine the behaviour of ozone at different locations. The aim of this work is to understand the levels and temporal variations of surface ozone in an industrial-urban region of the Southwest Iberian Peninsula.     

Hazardous Waste Minimization: Part V Waste Minimization in the Petroleum Industry

The extractive nature of the petroleum industry sets it apart from other industries in many respects. The nature of this industry places it at somewhat of a disadvantage to other industries when attempts are made to foster waste minimization practices and programs. However, this is no excuse for the industry to not further vigorously pursue minimizing waste. This paper describes the petroleum industry and the products it makes along with their associated waste streams. The industry’s commitment to waste minimization is described with examples of specific minimization projects provided. Although the opportunities for minimization are limited, the economic incentives for reducing waste disposal costs, not to mention long term liability from improper disposal practices, has put the petroleum industry on the road to waste minimization.     

清洁生产与ISO14000环境管理体系关系的初探

从ISO14000环境管理体系与清洁生产两者产生的背景及涵义出发，讨论了两者的同一性和差异性，提出了在21世纪的新形势下，把清洁生产与ISO14000两者有机的结合，是实现可持续发展的重要手段。     

A classifier-combined method based on D-S evidence theory for the land cover classification of the Tibetan Plateau

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a region with high altitudes and complicated terrain conditions. Due to the special conditions of this region, it is also...     

解决中国农村环境保护信息非对称性的方法探索

基于对世界银行项目——“中国乡镇工业企业环境行为研究”的子项目“乡镇工业企业污染控制报告制度研究”在江苏省丹阳市的实施过程的研究，发现污染控制报告会在乡镇环境管理中有着良好的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益，不失为一种解决农村环境保护信息非对称性的优选方法。