伊犁地区维吾尔民族氟斑牙研究

应用环境流行病学原理和方法，就可能导致伊犁地区维吾尔民族中发现的氟斑牙的环境化学因子，存在于食物、大气、水、土壤的诸介质进行了调查，并进行了环境因子效应的研究，发现维吾尔民族尿氟较高，平均为２．１９ｍｇ／Ｌ，波动范围为：１．６５～６．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ氟斑牙在维吾尔民族中呈散在发生（２％），总氟摄入量为１０．７５ｍｇ，奶茶中过量氟摄入为主要贡献。     

青铜峡铝厂氟污染对广武乡玉米影响的调查分析

监测了青铜峡铝厂东南方向４．５ｋｍ的广武乡玉米叶，得知含氟量为４３．９４－１６６．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对照样品树新林场玉米叶的含氟均值为１３．１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，广武乡的玉米受到了严重的氟污染，农作物减产严重。     

奎屯垦区居民生活饮用水现状分析

通过对奎屯垦区居民生活饮用水现状调查资料的综合分析．说明垦区居民饮水卫生最主要的是解决氟、砷及细菌超标问题，彻底改水是防治地方性饮水型氟、砷中毒的关键。同时强调我区居民对水源卫生防护重视不够，饮水水源受生活污染的影响比较严重，应加强水质监督，以保证饮用水的质量．     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定废水中锑

以钯作基改进剂建立了测定废水中锑的石墨炉原子吸收光谱分析法。方法线性范围为０ｍｇ／Ｌ－１０ｍｇ／Ｌ,检测限为０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ。相对标准差为３％,回收率为９６．７％－１０１．３％,结果令人满意。     

气相色谱法测定环境空气中氯化苄和甲苯

用串联的乙醇吸收管收集环境空气中的氯化苄和甲苯,以毛细管柱分离,氢火焰检测器测定,保留时间定性,峰高定量。氯化苄平均浓度在４．２９ｍｇ／Ｌ～２１．４ｍｇ／Ｌ时,相对标准偏差在３．３％～４．６％之间;甲苯平均浓度为４．１８ｍｇ／Ｌ～２０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ时,相对标准差在４．４％～７．８％范围内。方法快速、灵敏度高,有较好的精密度与准确度。     

亚甲兰分光光度法测定水样中阴离子洗涤剂的改进

本文在现有方法基础上，氯仿用量由原来的５０ｍｌ减至２５ｍｌ，用过滤法（０．４５μ）取代破乳剂异丙醇，结果使该方法的最低检出限从０．０５０ｍｇ／Ｌ。提高到０．０２０ｍｇ／Ｌ，并且去除了悬浮物等产生的负干扰。     

尿液中氟化物的离子选择电极法测定

本文叙述了用离子选择电极直接测定尿液中氟化物的分析方法，并通过实验对标准系列的制备、尿液的预处理、加入“假尿溶液”的必要性和样品存放时间等问题进行了探讨。结果表明，用本方法测定尿液中氟含量简捷、快速，方法最低检出限为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，无机氟加标回收率为９５～１０３％。     

气相色谱法测定废水和废气中N‘,N—二甲基甲酰胺

以气相色谱石英毛细管柱分离,ＦＩＤ检测,测定废水和废气中Ｎ’,Ｎ－二甲基甲酰胺（ＤＭＦ）,在１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ￣１８８１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内有良好的线性关系,检测限：废水为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ;废气为０．８ｍｇ／ｍ＾３,样品测定的相对标准差为４％￣８％,回收率在７６％￣１１２％之间,精密度和准确度均较好。     

气相色谱法毛细管柱测定水中己内酰胺

以ＣＰＢ２０毛细管柱氢火焰检测器检测己内酰胺,水样可不经较多地处理即可测定。方法线性范围０ｍｇ／Ｌ－５０ｍｇ／Ｌ,检测限０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,加标回收在７９％－１２５％之间。     

梅梁湖的富营养化状况及治理对策讨论

监测结果表明，梅梁湖水体ＴＰ，ＴＮ含量分别为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和３．４ｍｇ／Ｌ藻类生物量达９－１３亿个细胞／Ｌ，富营养化相当严重，污染的主要原因，工农业，渔业，畜牧业和生活污水的直接排放，使水全营养盐含量较高，藻类大量繁殖，可采用“控源截汛”，“清除淤泥”，“调水搞活”及生物治理等综合性措施，对梅梁湖的富营养化进行了治理。     

高氟饮用水脱氟技术

综合了国内目前使用的高氟饮用水脱氟技术，重点介绍两种已用于设备制作的脱氟技术－－活性氧化铝和活化沸石。目的介绍了于高氟地区。对饮用水进行脱氟，对氟的地方病进行治理。     

Determination of aluminum and zinc in Iranian consumed tea

To determine aluminum and zinc in Iranian consumed tea, 31 tea samples were analysed for Al and Zn concentration of tea leaves and tea infusion. The results show that average concentration of Al and Zn in tea leaves was 326 and 50.7 mg. Kg(-1) respectively in this regard Nemoneh and Shahrzad show the highest and lowest concentration respectively in term of Al, also Debsh and Alkozi follow same situation in Zn concentration. Also the solubility of metals in the first infusion was significantly (Al, Zn: P < 0.01) higher than the second infusion and the solubility in the second infusion was also significantly higher than the third infusion (Al: P < 0.01; Zn: P < 0.05). Al leachate in the first infusion (2 min) for Mosama and Seilan tea was highest and lowest respectively. Also in the second and third infusion (5 and 10 min) Golkis and Nemoneh tea show the highest and lowest figures respectively. On the other hand, data from Zn transfer in tea infusion in the first infusion show that Mosama and Ahmad Atry tea have the highest and lowest leachate percentage respectively, while in the second and third infusion Mosama and Golkis tea follow the same situation. Calculation of percentage 'available' Al and Zn to the human system showed that 1 l of tea can provide 37.2% of the daily dietary intake of Al, the percentage 'available' for absorption in the intestine is only 1.78% for overall mean Al concentration. Also daily dietary intake of Zn was 2.13% while percentage available for absorption in the intestine was 0.72%.     

沧州地区氟元素在不同介质中的分布

以沧州地区的地下水、土壤和小麦中的氟元素为研究对象,探讨氟元素在地下水、土壤和小麦等不同介质中的含量、空间分布与来源成因。通过绘制各介质中氟元素分布图,获得氟元素在各介质中不同深度的含量及水平空间上的分布特征。结果显示,当地深层地下水氟含量平均为2.25 mg/L,高于浅层地下水的平均值0.80 mg/L;深层和浅层土壤氟含量接近,平均值分别为557.18、569.20 mg/kg;小麦中的氟含量最高值为0.96 mg/kg,当地小麦氟含量均低于国家标准限值(1.0 mg/kg)。根据氟元素的分布特点分析,当地深层地下水与土壤的氟元素来源一致,而不同于浅层地下水中的氟;小麦的氟元素分布受浅层土壤氟影响较大。     

新疆平原区饮用地下水中F-含量的调查与评价

利用1997—1999年2058个饮用地下水中F-含量的测试成果。评价了新疆平原区饮用地下水中F-含量的状况,其结果为：F-含量变化范围为0．05—7．00mg/L,面积加权平均值为0．68mg/L,超标率18．9％。     

阳宗海表层沉积物磷、氟、硫的分布与污染状况

对阳宗海表层沉积物中磷、氟、硫的含量进行了调查,并用单指标标准指数法对污染水平进行了评价.结果表明,阳宗海表层沉积物磷、氟、硫含量的平均值依次为1 041 mg/kg、1 075 mg/kg、2 743 mg/kg.生活、生产污水、工业废气,以及机动船只、网箱养鱼等活动是阳宗海表层沉积物中磷、氟、硫的主要来源.磷、氟、...     

CHLOROFORM LEVELS IN THE DRINKING WATER OF HYDERABAD CITY, INDIA

A one-year study was conducted on the chloroform concentrationof the municipal drinking water of Hyderabad City. Consumertap water samples were collected from different parts of thewater-distribution system of the city. Duplicate samplescollected from the sites were extracted with organic solvent,pentane and analysed using a gas chromatograph equipped with⁶³Ni electron capture detector. Results indicate avariation in haloform concentration in different seasons ofthe year. A maximum concentration, ranging from 67.0–70.5g/l was observed during the summer. However, the meanlevel of chloroform was below the permissible level of 30g/l recommended by WHO (1984).     

NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is supplied with drinking water fromboth desalinated sea water and treated groundwater sources. Sampleswere analysed for NO₃ from selected deep and shallow wells, two locations within the city's six groundwater treatment plants, thedesalinated sea water and distribution network. Average nitrateconcentrations (as NO₃) were 8.2 and 15.8 mg/L for deep andshallow well waters, respectively. The average nitrate concentrations (asNO₃) in the groundwater treatment plants influent waters and thefinal product water were 16.2 and 8.5 mg/L, respectively. Due toblending of the plants' product water with the desalinated sea water, theaverage network nitrate concentration was 4.4 mg/L. The scheduledwater interruption does not seem to cause any appreciable change in thenitrate levels in the distribution network.