T2铜在不同海水飞溅条件下的腐蚀性能差异

目的研究T2铜在不同飞溅条件下的腐蚀行为。方法通过对T2铜在三亚热带海水飞溅区进行0.5、1、2 a三个周期的环境试验,采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪对其腐蚀产物形貌、物相进行分析,使用电化学工作站对带锈样品进行分析。结果 T2铜在堤岸飞溅区和堤岸内飞溅区腐蚀速率随时间的延长逐渐下降。在飞溅区,不同周期T2铜的腐蚀产物为表面较薄的氧化层,且存在分层现象,主要由外层疏松的绿色Cu2(OH)3Cl和内层致密的棕色Cu_2O组成。不同试验周期,两处飞溅区试样表面的腐蚀产物都较为平整,堤岸飞溅区腐蚀产物层的平均厚度大于堤岸内飞溅区,腐蚀形貌均为均匀腐蚀。两处飞溅区锈层均由Cu_2O和Cu2(OH)3Cl相构成,堤岸飞溅区锈层主要为Cu_2O和Cu2(OH)3Cl相,堤岸内飞溅区锈层主要为Cu_2O相,存在少量Cu2(OH)3Cl相。结论在同一试验地点进行飞溅试验,由于飞溅条件不同,2a内铜的腐蚀速率、腐蚀产物等会存在差异。     

High-field 1H T1 and T2 NMR relaxation time measurements of H2O in homeopathic preparations of quartz, sulfur, and copper sulfate

Quantitative meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials investigating the specific therapeutic efficacy of homeopathic remedies yielded statistically significant differences compared to placebo. Since the remedies used contained mostly only very low concentrations of pharmacologically active compounds, these effects cannot be accounted for within the framework of current pharmacology. Theories to explain clinical effects of homeopathic remedies are partially based upon changes in diluent structure. To investigate the latter, we measured for the first time high-field (600/500 MHz) ¹H T₁ and T₂ nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times of H₂O in homeopathic preparations with concurrent contamination control by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Homeopathic preparations of quartz (10c–30c, n = 21, corresponding to iterative dilutions of 100⁻¹⁰–100⁻³⁰), sulfur (13x–30x, n = 18, 10⁻¹³–10⁻³⁰), and copper sulfate (11c–30c, n = 20, 100⁻¹¹–100⁻³⁰) were compared to n = 10 independent controls each (analogously agitated dilution medium) in randomized and blinded experiments. In none of the samples, the concentration of any element analyzed by ICP-MS exceeded 10 ppb. In the first measurement series (600 MHz), there was a significant increase in T₁ for all samples as a function of time, and there were no significant differences between homeopathic potencies and controls. In the second measurement series (500 MHz) 1 year after preparation, we observed statistically significant increased T₁ relaxation times for homeopathic sulfur preparations compared to controls. Fifteen out of 18 correlations between sample triplicates were higher for controls than for homeopathic preparations. No conclusive explanation for these phenomena can be given at present. Possible hypotheses involve differential leaching from the measurement vessel walls or a change in water molecule dynamics, i.e., in rotational correlation time and/or diffusion. Homeopathic preparations thus may exhibit specific physicochemical properties that need to be determined in detail in future investigations. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

准噶尔盆地红87井区克上组沉积相特征

本文在对准噶尔盆地红山嘴油田红87井区各井所取的三叠系克上组(T2k2)岩芯观察描述及室内粒度分析的基础上,根据沉积相标志确定红山嘴油田红87井区三叠系克上组(T2k2)为辩状河沉积;通过单井划相、剖面相分析及平面相分析,编制出红87井区块三叠系克上组(T2k2)沉积相图,确认了沉积相控制了本区西部含油边界,为断层―岩性油气藏,解决了本区油气藏控制因素。     

Multi-state initiative to enhance pollution prevention technology diffusion using the ADOP2T model

Accelerated Diffusion of Pollution Prevention Technologies (ADOP²T) is a stepwise model designed to improve the implementation rate of pollution prevention technologies. It focuses on reducing the uncertainty associated with new technologies by providing demonstrations and “how-to” knowledge through pilot testing. Three university-based technical assistance programs collaborated to promote implementation of pollution prevention technologies using the ADOP²T model. This paper briefly describes the model, and discusses the experiences, observations, and results obtained by the technical assistance programs that used the model.     

T700碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料与2A12铝合金电偶腐蚀研究

目的研究电偶腐蚀行为。方法根据飞机服役过程中面临的典型气候条件,对T700碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料与2A12铝合金连接在不同环境温度(0,10,20,30,40℃)、不同p H值(3,5,7)和不同质量分数(3.5%,7%,10%Na Cl溶液)电解质溶液条件下进行电偶腐蚀实验,并分析各参数对电偶腐蚀的影响规律和电偶腐蚀对材料的影响。结果随着电解质溶液温度、Na Cl浓度的升高和p H值(限酸性环境)的降低,腐蚀电流逐渐增大。结论电偶腐蚀过程对复合材料影响不大,铝合金腐蚀破坏加重。     

曝晒位置对纯铜热带海洋大气环境腐蚀性能的影响研究

目的研究不同离岸曝晒位置对纯铜热带海洋大气环境腐蚀性能的影响。方法通过对T2铜在三亚热带海滨离岸不同距离进行24个月的大气曝晒试验,结合大气Cl~-在相应位置的沉积量及湿度变化情况,并采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪和XRD等对其腐蚀产物形貌、成分和物相进行分析。结果 T2铜热带海洋大气腐蚀以均匀腐蚀为主,其平均腐蚀速率随离岸距离的增加、曝晒时间的延长而下降。腐蚀产物为双层结构,外层为具有疏松结构的绿色Cu_2(OH)_3Cl,内层为致密的Cu_2O。随着离岸距离的增加、暴露时间的延长,试样表面电解液介质中Cl~-浓度越大,T2铜腐蚀产物中Cu_2(OH)_3Cl含量增加,但腐蚀产物生成主要以Cu_2O相为主。结论腐蚀速率与盐雾沉积量与离岸距离变化关系存在差异,盐雾沉积量先升后降,在离岸80 m处有最大值,由于大气相对湿度的影响,导致T2铜腐蚀速率在离岸0 m处有最大值,在离岸80 m处有极大值。     

Elevated 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine in genome of T24 bladder cancer cells induced by halobenzoquinones

Halobenzoquinones(HBQs) are an emerging class of halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) in drinking water, which raised public concerns due to potential carcinogenic effects to human bladder. Our previous work demonstrated that HBQs and hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)together generated oxidative DNA damage via a metal-independent and intercalationenhanced oxidation mechanism in vitro. This study further investigated the efficiency of various HBQs to induce oxidative DNA damage in T24 bladder cancer cells. Compared with T24 cells without treatment(3.1 lesions per 10~6 d G), the level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine(8-oxod G) significantly increased by 1.4, 3.2, 8.8, and 9.2 times after treatment with tetrabromo-1,4-benzoquinone(TBBQ), terachloro-1,4-benzoquinone(TCBQ),2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DCBQ) and 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,5-DCBQ) for24 hr, respectively. Interestingly, we found that the oxidative potency of HBQs in T24 cells(2,5-DCBQ ≈ 2,6-DCBQ TCBQ TBBQ) is inconsistent with that of in vitro ds DNA oxidation(TCBQ TBBQ 2,5-DCBQ 2,6-DCBQ), suggesting HBQs induce oxidative lesions in cellular genomic DNA probably involved with a complex mechanism.     

唐钢2×150t转炉煤气回收系统设计及运行实践

在此较详细地介绍了唐钢一炼钢厂 2× 15 0t转炉煤气回收湿法除尘工艺和系统的技术特点。该系统设计吸收了国内外大型转炉煤气回收的经验。经近 18个月的生产实践 ;认为效果良好 ,煤气回收率近 80 % ,热值近 80 0 0kJ Nm3,放散排放浓度小于 80mg m     

铊,铊中毒及铊在生态系中迁移径迹

铊属于分散元素,独立矿物稀少,极难形成独立铊矿床。铊世界年产量约15吨,几乎都是从有色金属选冶产品中作为副产品顺便回收。我国铊资源比较丰富,按相同等级资源相比,我国铊储量居世界首位。铊的地球化学性质受其电子构型和地质地球化学作用制约,铊原子处于基态时的电子构型为6S26P1。铊有两个地球化学价态,正一价和正三价,在自然界多数呈正一价。铊具有低温成矿,亲硫和高温分散,亲石的双重地球化学性质。铊是有用元素,也是有毒元素。铊被广泛用于超导、电子、合金、光学、化工、玻璃和医药等工业。铊的毒性对哺乳动物比汞、隔、铅、铜、锌还强。铊对生物有毒害,高含量的铊对人体可导致不同程度的铊病,甚至死亡。由于铊矿床的开发利用,使采挖出的含铊岩矿石和冶炼矿渣堆积地表,在长期风化淋滤作用下,使释放的铊进入地表水体、土壤、植物、动物和人体生态链,故引起铊环境污染和铊中毒。     

天津钢管100t电炉除尘工程

天津钢管100t电炉除尘项目为适应电炉的操作及提高烟气捕集率,减少除尘系统烟气量,采用第四孔捕集一次烟气,电炉跨屋顶罩捕集二次烟气的组合方式,间接水冷,间接风冷,混风降温的干法除尘,效果显著。针对此工程,分析除尘系统在设计、施工、运行中需要注意的关键技术,并对除尘工艺的发展作了前瞻性的探讨。