共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
研究了使用氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球为前驱体与二乙烯三胺经回流反应合成胺基树脂及其对水中Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附特征。结果表明,胺基官能团成功地嫁接到树脂表面,胺基含量为5.6 mmol/g。胺基树脂对Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附等温线表明,温度的升高有利于吸附,且吸附等温线都符合Langmuir模型。pH值对吸附的影响较大,最佳吸附pH值范围为4~6。2种金属离子在胺基树脂上的吸附都符合准二级动力学方程。 相似文献
2.
以农林废弃物橘子皮(OP)为原料,经氢氧化钠皂化处理,得到了改性橘子皮生物吸附剂(MOP),并将其用于对水溶液中重金属离子的吸附.研究了氢氧化钠溶液浓度、浸泡时间对改性产物产率和吸附性能的影响;通过扫描电镜、红外光谱分析,化学耗氧量、比表面积、Zeta电位的测定等方法研究了橘子皮皂化改性的机理.结果表明,橘子皮用0.2... 相似文献
3.
以生物废料橘子皮(OP)为原料,经乙醇、NaOH和CaCl2处理,得到皂化交联改性橘子皮(SCOP)生物吸附剂,将其用于对重金属离子Cu2+、pb2+、Cd2+、Zn2+和Ni2+的吸附,并研究了溶液pH、吸附时间和重金属离子初始浓度对SCOP吸附性能的影响.结果表明,重金属离子在改性橘子皮上的吸附速率快,符合准二级动力学方程;改性橘子皮对Cu2+、pb2+、Zn2+和Ni2+的吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,对Cd2+的吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程,根据Langmuir方程计算对Cu2+、pb2+、Cd2+、Zn2+和Ni2+的饱和吸附量分别为72.73、209.80、85.84、56.18、33.80mg/g,均高于改性前.改性后的橘子皮生物吸附剂可以再生重复使用4次以上,是性能良好的重金属离子吸附剂. 相似文献
4.
研究了使用交联聚苯乙烯叔胺树脂为前驱体与5-氯甲基水杨醛经搅拌反应合成季铵盐型多功能螯合树脂及其对水中Cd(Ⅱ)离子的吸附特征。结果表明,水杨醛单元成功地连接到树脂表面,其含量为1.89 mmol/g。通过浓度、pH值、时间等条件的变化对吸附性能进行研究,得到了25℃时Cd(Ⅱ)的最佳吸附条件:Cd(II)离子浓度为600μg/L,pH=6.0,吸附达平衡的时间约为4 min,树脂的最大吸附量为200.0μg/g,吸附符合Langmuir等温式。pH=6.0时,对重金属离子Zn(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅲ)吸附能力强但选择性较差。 相似文献
5.
A chelating resin containing a stable thiol group was synthesised, using polystyrene as the starting material. The resin is stable towards conc. HCl, 0.1M HNO(3) and 0.1M NaOH. The resin shows affinity towards Ag(+), Hg(2+), Bi(3+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+) and Cd(2+). Extraction of these metal ions as a function of pH, kinetics of exchange and breakthrough capacities is evaluated. The selectivity of the resin for the metal ions is in the order Ag(+) > Hg2+ > Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+. The equilibrium constants for exchange and kinetics of exchange are favourable for the recovery of mercury from lean sources. Application of the resin in the stripping of mercury from chlor-alkali plant affluent, and in the enrichment of mercury from seawater, have been investigated. Mercury sorbed resin can be regenerated using 5% thiourea in 0.1M HCl. 相似文献
6.
以酒石酸钾钠(PST)为络合剂,分别选取Cd、Zn、As和Pb 4种金属废水,探索络合纳滤工艺对金属离子去除率和膜通量的强化效果,测定纳滤膜表面接触角以表征膜通量变化规律,并研究了压力、金属浓度和溶液pH参数对络合纳滤过程的影响。结果表明,PST对4种金属去除的强化效果存在相似规律,分别有一个最佳PST添加浓度。随PST浓度的增加,金属离子去除率先增大后减小,而膜通量一直增大。研究发现,纳滤膜表面接触角与膜通量呈稳定的反比例关系,与金属离子种类和PST添加量无关。随着操作压力的增大,膜通量线性增加,去除率基本不变;金属离子浓度的增加对膜通量影响不大,金属去除率略有上升;pH在4~5之间变化时,As去除中膜通量和去除率均有所升高,而Cd、Zn和Pb 3种溶液处理效果基本不受pH影响。 相似文献
7.
在已有纳滤处理重金属实验中,发现适当添加酒石酸钾钠可以使金属去除率增大的同时膜通量没有明显降低,而且纳滤膜表面接触角与膜通量呈稳定的负线性关系。采用X-射线(单晶)衍射法对酒石酸钾钠(PST)与Cd2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Cu2+ 4种金属离子的络合配位方式进行分析。通过对晶体结构和键长键角等参数的分析表明,酒石酸钾钠主要通过羧基氧原子和邻位羟基氧原子与金属离子鳌合配位形成五元鳌合环;络合配位的中心金属离子Ni2+、Zn2+和Cu2+是六配位形式,而Cd2+是七配位形式。进一步通过配位分析方法计算了不同配比下配合物水分子量的大小,发现其变化特征与纳滤膜通量的变化趋势相似;金属离子络合物体积变化受到配位键长键角和酒石酸根配位数的控制,其变化特征与纳滤截留率变化一致。说明络合物的配位水分子量和配位体积大小2个参数能够分别解释PST强化纳滤处理重金属膜通量和截留率的变化特征。 相似文献
8.
A two-component material (Fe3O4@CaSiO3) with an Fe3O4 magnetite core and layered porous CaSiO3 shell from calcium nitrate and sodium silicate was synthesized by precipitation. The structure, morphology, magnetic properties, and composition of the Fe3O4@CaSiO3 composite were characterized in detail, and its adsorption performance, adsorption kinetics, and recyclability for Cu2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ adsorption were studied. The Fe3O4@CaSiO3 composite has a 2D core–layer architecture with a cotton-like morphology, specific surface area of 41.56 m2/g, pore size of 16 nm, and pore volume of 0.25 cm3/g. The measured magnetization saturation values of the magnetic composite were 57.1 emu/g. Data of the adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ by Fe3O4@CaSiO3 fitted the Redlich–Peterson and pseudo-second-order models well, and all adsorption processes reached equilibrium within 150 min. The maximum adsorption capacities of Fe3O4@CaSiO3 toward Cu2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ were 427.10, 391.59, and 371.39 mg/g at an initial concentration of 225 mg/L and a temperature of 293 K according to the fitted curve with the Redlich–Peterson model, respectively. All adsorption were spontaneous endothermic processes featuring an entropy increase, including physisorption, chemisorption, and ion exchange; among these process, chemisorption was the primary mechanism. Fe3O4@CaSiO3 exhibited excellent adsorption, regeneration, and magnetic separation performance, thereby demonstrating its potential applicability to removing heavy metal ions. 相似文献
9.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, MIL-101(Fe), MIL-101(Fe,Cu), and graphene oxide (GO)/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) were synthesized to compose a novel sorbent. The adsorption... 相似文献
10.
活性炭吸附法是重金属废水处理的重要方法.利用廉价的稻壳,选择氢氧化钠和磷酸作活化剂制备活性炭,测定了稻壳基活性炭的比表面积、亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值、苯酚吸附值和等电点.利用制备的稻壳基活性炭吸附溶液中的Cd、Cu、Zn,研究了不同稻壳基活性炭对Cd、Cu,Zn的吸附差异,并利用X射线衍射仪分析了稻壳基活性炭中微晶体结... 相似文献
11.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15526-6 相似文献
12.
利用尿素和乙二胺四乙酸钠盐通过一步法低温固相裂解合成了二维纳米碳氮材料(2-D CN_x),实现了对水中重金属离子的吸附去除。系统地研究了2-D CN_x对水中重金属离子Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附性能,其吸附动力学过程均符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温线更符合Langmuir模型。结果表明:Cd~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)的初始浓度均为40 mg·L~(-1),在25℃下,达到平衡时吸附量分别达到了79.4、 58.5、 72.8 mg·g~(-1); 2-D CN_x在比较广泛的pH范围(3.0~9.0)内对重金属离子都具有比较好的吸附效果;吸附剂在吸附柱过滤穿透实验中表现出很好的吸附效果和可重复利用性,且具有良好的机械稳定性。进一步的机理分析探明,吸附主要基于材料表面的羟基和重金属离子交换及氨基与重金属离子的络合协同作用。 相似文献
13.
以中间相沥青和原煤为原料,在高温高压下发泡成型,经过高温炭化和水蒸气活化后制得了比表面积为672m2/g、中孔发达的泡沫状成型活性炭(MACFoam).该成型活性炭中含有大量的微米级孔道并具有良好的透气性,可以作为气流通道.由其所装填的吸附床层对丙酮的吸附行为与颗粒活性炭相似,可以使用Yoon-Nelson方程对实验穿... 相似文献
14.
The results of a study using epiphytic lichens (Parmelia caperata) as sentinels for heavy metal deposition at six selected forest ecosystems of central Italy are reported. The woods investigated are characterized by holm oak (Quercus ilex), turkey oak (Quercus cerris) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) and represent the typical forest ecosystems of central Italy at low, medium and high elevations, respectively. The results showed that levels of heavy metals in lichens were relatively low and consequently no risk of heavy metal air pollution is expected for the six forest ecosystems investigated. However, for two of them there are indications of a potential risk: the beech forest of Vallombrosa showed signs of contamination by Pb as a consequence of vehicle traffic due to the rather high touristic pressure in the area, and the holm oak forest of Cala Violina showed transboundary pollution by Mn, Cr and Ni originating from the steel industry in Piombino. Epiphytic lichens proved to be very effective as an early warning system to detect signs of a changing environment at forest ecosystems. 相似文献
15.
The presence of dyes in water is undesirable due to the toxicological impact of their entrance into the food chain. Owing to the recalcitrant nature of dyes to biological oxidation, a tertiary treatment like adsorption is required. In the present study, unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) has been used as a sorbent in the treatment of dye-contaminated water. Different concentrations of Tropaeoline 000 containing water were treated with UPR. The preliminary investigations were carried out by batch adsorption to examine the effects of pH, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature. A plausible mechanism for the ongoing adsorption process and thermodynamic parameters have also been obtained from Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameter showed that the sorption process of Tropaeoline 000 onto activated carbon (AC) and UPR were feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic under studied conditions. The estimated values for (Δ G) are ?10.48?×?10 3 and ?6.098?×?10 3 kJ mol ?1 over AC and UPR at 303 K (30 °C), indicating towards a spontaneous process. The adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order model. The mass transfer property of the sorption process was studied using Lagergren pseudo-first-order kinetic models. The values of % removal and k ad for dye systems were calculated at different temperatures (303–323 K). The mechanism of the adsorption process was determined from the intraparticle diffusion model. 相似文献
16.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil aggregates exert a significant influence on the retention and availability of heavy metal(loid)s in soil. In this study, the concentration... 相似文献
17.
采用离子交联法制备羧甲基化壳聚糖/海藻酸钠(CM-CS/SA)凝胶,利用红外光谱、扫描电镜和热重分析仪对CM-CS/SA凝胶的结构和形貌进行表征。以CM-CS/SA凝胶为吸附剂对3种阳离子染料(亚甲基蓝、品红和结晶紫)进行吸附研究,考察了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、染料初始浓度和吸附温度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,CM-CS/SA凝胶对3种阳离子染料的吸附过程可用准二级动力学方程和粒子内扩散方程表达,根据Langmuir等温吸附模型分析,该吸附体系属于单分子层吸附,CM-CS/SA凝胶对亚甲基蓝、品红和结晶紫的最大吸附容量分别为2.50、3.17、1.78mg/g。 相似文献
18.
The adsorption of Pb(II) onto the surface of microwave-assisted activated carbon was studied through a two-layer feedforward neural network. The activated carbon was developed by microwave activation of Acacia auriculiformis scrap wood char. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray difractometer. In the present study, the input variables for the proposed network were solution pH, contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature, whereas the output variable was the percent Pb(II) removal. The network had been trained by using different algorithms and based on the lowest mean squared error (MSE) value and validation error, resilient backpropagation algorithm with 12 neurons in the hidden layer was selected for the present investigation. The tan sigmoid and purelin transfer function were used in the hidden and the output layers of the proposed network, respectively. The model predicted and experimental values of the percent Pb(II) removal were also compared and both the values were found to be in reasonable agreement with each other. The performance of the developed network was further improved by normalizing the experimental data set and it was found that after normalization, the MSE and validation error were reduced significantly. The sensitivity analysis was also performed to determine the most significant input parameter. 相似文献
20.
Heavy metal (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Fe, Zn, and Mn) contents of the samples from 10 males were followed throughout a year. The values were characteristic of the individuals, and some correlationships between the contents of different metals were shown. 相似文献
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